The experience and impact of stigma in Saudi people with a mood disorder

IntroductionSelf-stigma plays a powerful role in attitudes toward mental illness and seeking psychological services. Assessing stigma from the perspective of people with mood disorders is important as they were ranked as major causes of disability.ObjectivesTo determine the extent and the impact of stigma experience in Saudi patients with mood disorder and compare them between depression and bipolar disorder patients. To test if stigma is a universal experience and has similar psychosocial impact across cultures.AimIt's a part of multicenter international study comparing its results to the universal experiences inthe perspectives of individuals with mood disorder.MethodologyWe randomly interviewed 94 individuals with mood disorder at King Khalid University Hospital using valid reliable tool, Inventory of Stigmatizing Experiences (ISE), which has two components: Stigma Experiences Scale (SES) and Stigma Impact Scale (SIS).ResultsISE was validated in a population of Saudi patients with mood disorder. There were no significant differences in stigma between patients with bipolar or depressive disorder on SES or SIS. However, over 50% of all respondents tried to hide their mental illness from the others, and to avoid situations that might lead them to be stigmatized. In comparison with the Canadian population, Saudi participants scored lower on both SES and SIS, which may be due to cultural differences.ConclusionStigma associated with mood disorder is serious and pervasive. It's important first to understand how patients perceive stigma in order to conduct successful anti-stigma programs. The ISE is a highly reliable instrument among cultures.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Impact of antibiotic resistance on outcomes of neutropenic cancer patients withPseudomonas aeruginosabacteraemia (IRONIC study): study protocol of a retrospective multicentre international study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025744 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. e025744 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Adaia Albasanz-Puig ◽

Carlota Gudiol ◽

Rocío Parody ◽

Cristian Tebe ◽

Murat Akova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Antibiotic Resistance ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Case Fatality ◽

International Study ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

University Hospital ◽

Personal Privacy ◽

Haematological Patients ◽

The Impact

IntroductionPseudomonas aeruginosa(PA) has historically been one of the major causes of severe sepsis and death among neutropenic cancer patients. There has been a recent increase of multidrug-resistant PA (MDRPA) isolates that may determine a worse prognosis, particularly in immunosuppressed patients. The aim of this study is to establish the impact of antibiotic resistance on the outcome of neutropenic onco-haematological patients with PA bacteraemia, and to identify the risk factors for MDRPA bacteraemia and mortality.Methods and analysisThis is a retrospective, observational, multicentre, international study. All episodes of PA bacteraemia occurring in neutropenic onco-haematological patients followed up at the participating centres from 1 January 2006 to 31 May 2018 will be retrospectively reviewed. The primary end point will be overall case-fatality rate within 30 days of onset of PA bacteraemia. The secondary end points will be to describe the following: the incidence and risk factors for multidrug-resistant and extremely drug-resistant PA bacteraemia (by comparing the episodes due to susceptible PA with those produced by MDRPA), the efficacy of ceftolozane/tazobactam, the rates of persistent bacteraemia and bacteraemia relapse and the risk factors for very early (48 hours), early (7 days) and overall (30 days) case-fatality rates.Ethics and disseminationThe Clinical Research Ethics Committee of Bellvitge University Hospital approved the protocol of the study at the primary site. To protect personal privacy, identifying information of each patient in the electronic database will be encrypted. The processing of the patients’ personal data collected in the study will comply with the Spanish Data Protection Act of 1998 and with the European Directive on the privacy of data. All data collected, stored and processed will be anonymised. Results will be reported at conferences and in peer-reviewed publications.

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Impact on personal growth and environment conservation self-perception in a volunteering program with adults with severe mental illness (SMI)

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.752 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 33 (S1) ◽

pp. s280-s281

Author(s):

D. Cabezas Sánchez ◽

A. Ramírez Macías ◽

J. Sáiz Galdós

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Mental Illness ◽

Personal Growth ◽

Well Being ◽

Control Group ◽

Green Area ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Competing Interest ◽

The Impact ◽

The City

Introduction“Viaje del Parnaso” is a volunteering project developed at the Day Center Aranjuez2 (CD2) for helping adults with SMI to get a satisfactory and responsible occupation through their implication in a volunteering work in the community, while involved in the maintenance of a green area in the city of Aranjuez.Objectives/aimsThe aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the project on the volunteers’ lives in terms of personal growth and environment conservation and compare its results with non-volunteers also attended at the CD2.MethodsThe project was carried once a week during 45 weeks. 11 volunteers participated on the project, plus 5 non-volunteers were considered as cuasi-control group. The instruments applied were an item on “environment conservation” and 2 subscale items of “Personal Growth” from the Ryff Scales of psychological well-being. Measures were applied at baseline, 6 and 12 months after.ResultsSignificant differences were found on the environment conservation item between volunteers at baseline and 6 months after (P < 0.05). Results also revealed a significant difference (P < 0.05) between volunteers and non-volunteers at both variables (“environment conservation” and “Personal Growth”) in baseline and 6 months after treatment.ConclusionsThe data from this study suggest that a volunteering program seems to be an effective intervention for bringing about improvements in well-being of people with SMI, and also for increasing their environmental awareness. These improvements may also help to change the stigma of SMI reinforcing mental health patient's contributions to society.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Evaluation Of Psychiatry Attachment On Medical Students’ Attitude To Mental Illness

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.1572 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 33 (S1) ◽

pp. S434-S434

Author(s):

C. Oliver ◽

O. Adekunte ◽

B. Owen

Keyword(s):

Mental Illness ◽

Medical Students ◽

Psychiatric Patients ◽

Self Control ◽

Free Text ◽

Positive Attitudes ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Students Attitudes ◽

Attitudes Toward Mental Illness ◽

Competing Interest

BackgroundMental illness is subject to stigma, discrimination and prejudice by both healthcare professionals and public. Fortunately, students are still flexible in their beliefs and there is evidence that education in psychiatry may help to positively alter these beliefs. This survey looks into how psychiatry placement positively influences attitudes of medical students to mental illness.AimsTo elicit the effect of clinical attachment in psychiatry on 3rd year medical students’ attitudes toward mental illness.MethodsQuestionnaires were administered to four cohorts of students pre- and post-attachment. Responses were anonymised. Responses were based on Yes/No, free text, order of preference and Likert scale. Analysis was with basic statistical analysis.ResultsNinety-eight pre- and 81 post-placement students responded. There was a 4% increase in mean positive attitude scores following the placement. There was no significant difference in the medical students’ attitudes to violence in mental illness and that patients with mental illness do not want you to help them. Students post-attachment were more likely to disagree with the statement, ‘Psychiatric patients are difficult to like’. However, 6% more students agreed with the statement ‘Alcohol abusers have no self-control’ after the placement!Conclusions and recommendationFollowing the 4-week attachments, the percentage of students reporting more positive attitudes to mental illness showed only a marginal increase. A possible explanation may be insufficient contacts with patients and a feeling of not been part of the treating team.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Psychiatric Emergencies and admissions in Ciudad Real area. Statistic Study. a Reflection on use of Emergency Resources and admission Criteria

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.1619 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 33 (S1) ◽

pp. S445-S445

Author(s):

J. Martínez arnaiz ◽

C. García Blanco ◽

B. Vallejo-Sánchez

Keyword(s):

Mental Illness ◽

Severe Mental Illness ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

University Hospital ◽

Psychiatric Emergencies ◽

Ciudad Real ◽

District Hospitals ◽

Icd 10 ◽

Simple Statistic ◽

Competing Interest

IntroductionCiudad Real is an area of approximately 500,000 inhabitants, with a University Hospital and several district hospitals. Psychiatric services and emergencies are centralized in the University Hospital. we analysed the totality of area admissions during 2014, establishing different categories according to ICD 10 diagnosis.Objectivewe want to compare different categories of patients who are admitted to hospital (severe mental illness versus non-severe mental illness), morbidity in different areas and readmission rates according to diagnosis.aimsTo establish a correspondence between attention and severity of psychiatric pathology, diagnostic criteria and how we manage both severe and non-severe mental illness and the repercussion in terms of assistance and pressure in psychiatric emergencies.Methodologyinitially, we made a simple statistic analysis of all admission (400 approximately) in 2014 based on ICD-10 diagnosis, socio-demographic parameters, area, admission stay, number of admissions. we compare both groups: severe and non-severe mental illness according to international criteria. we apply a Pearson correlation searching for relation between severity and attendance to psychiatric emergencies.Resultsaround a 60% of admissions are not due to severe mental illness, these conditions have twice the readmission rate than severe mental illness. we did not find a correlation between attendance to psychiatric emergencies and severity of the condition. Other factors seem to have an important role in re-admissions.ConclusionsNon-severe mental illness is consuming an important part of emergency psychiatric resources. Criteria of admission need to be reviewed or apply rationally.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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The Impact of Parental Schizophrenia in the Development of Behavioral Disorders and Mental Illness in Children

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1328 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 (S1) ◽

pp. S728-S728

Author(s):

M. Alves ◽

A.R. Rodrigues ◽

A.M. Moreira ◽

O. Queirós

Keyword(s):

Mental Illness ◽

Social Skills ◽

Behavioral Disorders ◽

Family Environment ◽

Preventive Intervention ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Mother Child Relationships ◽

Competing Interest ◽

Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽

The Impact

IntroductionParental schizophrenia will potentially cause dysfunction in mother-child relationships, and it will also cause difficulty in adapting to motherhood.ObjectivesWe aim to study the implications of the relationship between mothers with schizophrenia and their children. The psychosocial environment and the impact of dysfunctional relationship in social skills development may cause behavioral disorders in children and further development of severe mental illness taking into account genetic factors and biopsychosocial factors.MethodsNon systematic literature review, through the Pubmed and Medline database, with time constraints.ResultsThe development of schizophrenia is related to genetic and environmental factors. Children of parents with schizophrenia are at increased risk of developing psychiatric disorder compared to the general population. It was found early behavioral disorders, starting between 5 and 8 years old and the difficulties in social interaction may arise at this age and remain until adulthood.ConclusionsIt is important to assess the level of acquisition of social skills in children and families when there is a direct relationship with schizophrenia. It may be important in the future, monitorize the development of these children, as well as be aware of the surrounding social and family environment, to identify and manage early in the presence of behavioral disorders and possible development of serious mental illness. An early intervention at the level of social deficits in children can be a preventive intervention of later schizophrenia development.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Linguistic Validation of a Battery for Measurement of Affirming Attitudes about Mental Illness

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.980 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 (S1) ◽

pp. S614-S615

Author(s):

B. Saguem ◽

A. Ben Romdhane ◽

B. Ben Hadj Ali

Keyword(s):

Mental Illness ◽

Arabic Version ◽

Linguistic Validation ◽

Arabic Speakers ◽

Native Arabic Speakers ◽

Back Translation ◽

Competing Interest ◽

Arabic Speaking ◽

The Impact ◽

Professional Translator

IntroductionStigma restrains the life opportunities of individuals with serious mental illness. This study aimed at performing a linguistic validation of a battery for measurement of affirming attitudes; a battery that might be used to test the impact of anti-stigma and socially inclusive programs.MethodsThree measures were considered: the Recovery Scale, Empowerment Scale and Self-Determination Scale. Two native Arabic speakers, bilingual in English, independently translated the original measures into Arabic. A collaborative pooled version of the questionnaires was then obtained from the two translations. The pooled version was back-translated into English by a professional translator. A draft Arabic version of the battery was obtained from the comparison between the original questionnaires and the back-translation and was tested on 30 Arabic-speaking medical students. We also discussed the existence of other wording that enables the meaning of statements to be expressed clearly.ResultsThe test of the different items allowed the detection of three typing errors. It also highlighted mistranslating two terms to one term that does not distinguish between them in term of the meaning: “Goal” and “Purpose”. Comments were reported on the wording of certain items in the questionnaire. These comments referred to the problems related to the grammatical and syntactical construction of certain expressions. The translation from English into Tunisian dialect is different from our dialect.ConclusionWe proposed an Arabic version of a battery of measures that reflect affirming attitudes. This is a step for reliable measures that assess stigma in Arabic countries.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Mood disorder in epilepsy: A case report

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.1177 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 33 (S1) ◽

pp. S337-S337

Author(s):

R.A. Baena ◽

I. Mesián ◽

L. Mendoza ◽

Y. Lázaro

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Mood Disorder ◽

Psychotic Symptoms ◽

Future Research ◽

Clinical Approach ◽

Psychiatric Problem ◽

Mood Instability ◽

Competing Interest ◽

Patients With Epilepsy ◽

The Impact

IntroductionA lot of studies have described that up to 50% of patients with epilepsy develop psychiatric disorders: depression, anxiety and psychotic symptoms. We can classify these symptoms according to how they relate in time to seizure occurrence, i.e. pre-ictal/prodromal, ictal, post-ictal or inter-ictal. In this case, we have a 76 years old woman that develops a maniac-episode previously that she has an episode.ObjectivesMake a review about the prevalence, risk factors of psychiatric problem in epilepsy (biological, psychosocial and iatrogenic) and report of clinical case.MethodsReview the bi-directional associations between epilepsy and bipolar disorder (epidemiological links, evidence for shared etiology, and the impact of these disorders) with a integrated clinical approach.ResultsTheoretically, epilepsy and bipolar disorder share an important number of clinical and neurobiological features. Classic neuropsychiatric literature focused on major depression with data on bipolar disorder remains limited. However, actually there are many evidences that mood instability, mixed irritability even mania is not uncommon in patients with epilepsy.ConclusionsIt is important develop more sensitive and specific screening instruments to identify mood disorder in epilepsy's patients. Future research becomes decisive for a better understanding of the similarities between epilepsy and BD, and the treatment of both.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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The impact of a specialized inpatient and day patient group programme on clinical outcome in older adolescents and young adults with mental illness

Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/ipm.2016.12 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 34 (1) ◽

pp. 39-44 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

P. McCrossan ◽

A. Ryan ◽

M. Connellan ◽

P. Power

Keyword(s):

Mental Illness ◽

Young Adults ◽

Rating Scale ◽

University Hospital ◽

Service Users ◽

Data Set ◽

Paired Sample ◽

Group Programme ◽

The Impact ◽

Adults With Mental Illness

IntroductionEffective transition from child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS) to adult services is one of the main challenges currently facing child psychiatry todayThe Young Adult 1Programme (YAP) based at St. Patrick’s University Hospital Dublin, is a group based day programme especially designed to meet the needs of younger people aged 18–25 and support them through this difficult period.AimsTo examine the effectiveness of participation in YAP for young adults with mental illness. To determine whether participation in particular aspects of the programme prove more beneficial and what factors might be associated with outcome.MethodAll patients enrolled in YAP between 1 September 2011 and 31 August 2012 were included in the study. Each patient was assessed using the Health of the Nation Outcome Scales (HONOS) and Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) rating scale before beginning the programme and after discharge in order to evaluate improvement. The frequency of attendance at individual group sessions was recorded. Patient and illness variables were also recorded, for example demographics, diagnosis.ResultsA total of 101 service users were in enrolled in YAP during this 12-month period. Eight service users could not be used for analysis, as they did not have a complete data set, mostly due to failure to attend for discharge HONOS/GAF ratingsUsing a paired sample t-test, there is a significant reduction in HONOS: Mean df=1.3, s.d.=1.09 (95% CI=1.08–1.53), p<0.001Using a paired sample t-test, there is a significant increase in GAF: Mean df=9.25, s.d.=7.69 (95% CI=7.66–10.83), p<0.001Improvements in HONOS and GAF scores are significantly correlated with better attendance at the programme (p<0.04, <0.00 respectively).ConclusionMore attendance at YAP sessions correlates with better improvement in both HONOS and GAF rating scores.

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Stressors in patients with schizoaffective disorder

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1610 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 (S1) ◽

pp. s824-s824

Author(s):

L. Montes Reula ◽

H. Saiz García ◽

A. Portilla Fernández

Keyword(s):

Mental Disorders ◽

Mood Disorder ◽

Schizoaffective Disorder ◽

Drug Consumption ◽

Psychotic Symptoms ◽

Healthy Patient ◽

Competing Interest ◽

Underlying Disorder ◽

The Impact ◽

Efficacy Of Treatment

Patients with schizoaffective disorder have recurrent episodes of a mood disorder with severe psychotic symptoms. In many cases, patients have toxic abuse in some situations that could cause confusion in symptoms and ranking it. It is about a patient diagnosed 5 years ago of schizoaffective disorder with decompensation caused by leaving medication and drug consumption. A year ago, the treatment was changed to intramuscular formulation with abilify maintena to ensure compliance and adherence. The patient continues to consume toxic in weekends, with symptoms of self-referentiality and suspicion towards their environment. Two weeks ago, he was with the girlfriend of a friend and after this event, the friend has been threatening him. The patient has a state of anxiety rising, with interpretations and associations delirious about this friend. He sleeps with a knife in bed if the friend entered his home. It is a very overwhelmed situation, magnifying and causing severe impact on their underlying disorder. When the patient is evaluated, it is decided to add treatment with olanzapine a few days to reduce symptoms and anxiety. Patients with mental disorders have stressors that cause anxiety like a healthy patient. It is true that the impact it has on the patients tend to be older and to overvalue the signs and real situations. In these cases should not be considered a decompensation and attribute symptoms to lack of efficacy of treatment. In many cases, if we associate a more sedating antipsychotic profile, they shall reduce symptoms.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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