Brain Drain Project

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S17-S17
Author(s):  
M. Pinto da Costa
Keyword(s):  
Brain Drain ◽  
Work Conditions ◽  
Critical Conditions ◽  
European Federation ◽  
Junior Doctors ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
Medical Migration ◽  
Medical Specialties ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
And Migration

Despite the ongoing reality of workforce migration, information on medical migration is missing, with lack of detailed evidence of transnational migrations within Europe, obscuring the extent of how migration occurs amongst the different medical specialties.The European Federation of Psychiatric Trainees (EFPT) has been pioneer in researching workforce migration in junior doctors, conducting the EFPT Brain Drain study, which explored the reasons and patterns of mobility and migration in 33 European countries among junior doctors training in psychiatry.The intention has been to better understand the migration phenomena, its reasoning and effects in order to give practical proposals to improve education, training and work conditions and ultimately the health care itself in both donor and host countries.Migration among medical professionals can take place throughout the career: before, during or after training. Exploring attitudes towards migration among junior doctors can help to understand the factors that shape the decision-making processes related to migration in future specialists.These findings provide objective data that can assist policy makers, providing instruments to address the critical conditions leading to migration from at-risk countries, adjusting the pull factors and improving the standards of education, work and salaries.Future studies should explore whether the presented results differ for junior doctors in other medical disciplines, as well as physicians in general and psychiatric consultants in Europe and in other areas of the world. Furthermore, the follow up of the respondents from this study could assess to what extent the migratory tendency and intention predicts the future migration itself.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.

Should I stay or should I go? Mobility and migration among psychiatric trainees in Europe – EFPT Brain Drain Survey

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S176-S176 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Pinto da Costa ◽  
E. Biskup ◽  
A. Giurgiuca ◽  
J. Kaaja ◽  
Ö. Kilic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Brain Drain ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
European Federation ◽  
Junior Doctors ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The Impact

IntroductionWorkforce migration of mental health professionals seems to have a significant impact on mental health services, both in the donor and host countries. Nevertheless, information on migration in junior doctors within Europe is very limited. Therefore, the European Federation of Psychiatric Trainees (EFPT) has conducted the Brain Drain Survey.ObjectivesTo identify, in junior doctors training in psychiatry, the impact of international short-term mobility experiences, towards a future workforce migration across countries, exploring its patterns and reasons.MethodsIn this cross-sectional international study, data were collected from 2281 psychiatric trainees in 33 countries. All participants answered to the EFPT Brain Drain Survey reporting their attitudes and experiences on mobility and migration.ResultsOnly one-third of the trainees had a short-mobility experience in their lifetime, being education the main purpose for these experiences. Interestingly, the main predictors for future migratory tendency were not only the having a income and being dissatisfied with this income, but having a short-mobility experience. In fact, people that had short-mobility experiences were two times more likely to express a migratory tendency. Trainees that went abroad were predominantly satisfied with their experiences, reporting that these influenced their attitudes towards migration, positively.ConclusionsThese findings show that short-term mobility has a positive impact into future long-term migration, increasing its probability.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

The psychiatry recruitment crisis across Europe: Evaluation by the European Federation of psychiatric trainees

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. s285-s285
Author(s):  
H. Ryland ◽  
F. Baessler ◽  
M. Casanova Dias ◽  
L. De Picker ◽  
M. Pinto Da Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Medical Profession ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Psychiatric Training ◽  
European Federation ◽  
Junior Doctors ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
Annual Survey ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Competing Interest

IntroductionRecruitment of medical students and junior doctors in to psychiatry is a long-standing concern in many countries, with low proportions of medical graduates choosing it as a specialty and ongoing stigma from within the medical profession. In some countries the reverse problem is the case, with too many doctors wishing to enter psychiatry, and insufficient training places available.ObjectivesTo understand the current situation within Europe with regards to recruitment in to psychiatry and to identify existing recruitment initiatives.MethodsThe European Federation of Psychiatric Trainees conducts an annual survey of all member organisations. A delegate of each national association of psychiatric trainees is asked to identify if their country has a problem with recruitment and if so, whether there were too many or too few applicants for training places. Delegates from countries with recruitment initiatives were contacted to provide further details.ResultsIn 2014, a total of 31 countries completed the survey, with 17 stating that too few medical practitioners choose psychiatry. In total 8 countries with recruitment problems reported that initiatives exist to encourage doctors to enter psychiatric training. Of these, 7 responded to describe the initiatives, which included national recruitment strategies, financial incentives, careers fairs, mentoring schemes and a whole host of other projects.ConclusionsRecruitment in to psychiatry remains a serious problem in a significant proportion of European countries, but a wide range of initiatives exist which aim to combat this shortfall. It will be important over the coming years to establish which initiatives are most effective at increasing recruitment.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Portuguese Junior Doctors Exchanging in the Uk – Reflections From the Experience

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S492-S492
Author(s):  
H. Salgado ◽  
M. Pinto da Costa ◽  
H. Walker ◽  
J. Powell ◽  
L. Potter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Current System ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
European Federation ◽  
Junior Doctors ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Exchange Programme ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

IntroductionThe interest in experiencing training abroad has grown and its benefits have been progressively recognized. For these reasons, several psychiatric trainees seek to extend their competencies, skills and knowledge through these exchange opportunities, such as the European Federation of Psychiatric Trainees (EFPT) Exchange Programme.ObjectivesWith this work we intend to describe these international experiences of being acquainted with a different health system and psychiatry training programme.AimsReflect on the impact of these experiences, considering on how these can be used to benefit the patient care provided across countries, further to the professional and personal individual benefits that colleagues gain.MethodsPresenting the testimonials of junior doctors from abroad that have had the opportunity to observe and collaborate in the current system of the United Kingdom.ResultsThe EFPT Exchange Programme is an excellent opportunity for psychiatry trainees to share experiences, knowledge and good practices. The cultural and social framework of psychiatry certainly has an impact on the approach to mental health problems, and being knowledgeable of these differences can provide benefits not only to the junior doctors who complete these exchanges abroad, but also to their colleagues working at their hosting institutions that become acquainted with different realities through their presence and feedback.ConclusionsThe benefits of these exchange mobility experiences are unequivocal. Therefore, it is fundamental to share these experiences and promote these opportunities.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals What makes UK, Switzerland and Sweden attractive to trainees?

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. 914-914
Author(s):  
T. Mogren ◽  
K. Holmes ◽  
E. Biskup ◽  
M. Pinto da Costa
Keyword(s):  
Brain Drain ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Global Impact ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
The Uk

IntroductionMigration of medical professionals has a global impact on healthcare and services, including on mental health. Exploring the reasons for migration and why psychiatric trainees consider to migrate to certain countries is therefore crucial to understand the decision-making process related to migration of psychiatric trainees as well as of future specialists.ObjectivesThe aims of this Brain Drain Survey, was to research which countries most trainees in Europe migrate to (host countries) and for which reasons trainees choose to migrate to these countries (“pull factors”).MethodsIn a multicenter, cross-sectional study, data was collected in 33 countries. As part of the survey, all participants responded to a questionnaire exploring trainees’ experiences and attitudes towards migration.ResultsOur results showed that Sweden, Switzerland and the UK were all significant net hosts. The percentage of immigrants varied between these countries. One of the main contributors as a “pull” factor was unsurprisingly, salary. It is notable that all three-host countries were within the highest wage brackets within our survey.ConclusionsPsychiatric trainees tend to migrate to countries with higher income.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Education and Migration:

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-117
Author(s):  
N. V. Varghese
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Brain Drain ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Indian Diaspora ◽  
Skilled Migration ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
Brain Gain ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
And Migration

The Indian diaspora consists of low- and semi-skilled migrants mainly tothe Middle-East; migration of the highly-skilled to developed countries;and cross-border students who seek employment and remain in their hostcountries. India initially viewed the migration of the best educated fromits prestigious institutions as ‘brain drain’. However, with the reverse flowof these professionals, the diaspora came to be seen as ‘brain gain’. Thehighly-skilled Indian diaspora assumed positions of responsibility in thecorporate world, in academia (including Nobel laureates), and in the politicaland social spheres in some host countries, thereby enhancing India’simage abroad. Key words: India, skilled migration, human aspirations, brain drain, braingain

Psychiatry Trainees in Turkey Considers Leaving the Country

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S491-S491
Author(s):  
O. Kilic ◽  
E. Sonmez ◽  
S. Guloksuz ◽  
M. Pinto da Costa
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Brain Drain ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
European Federation ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
The Brain

IntroductionThe brain drain of mental health professionals is an important issue especially for developing countries with inadequate recruitment rates. The European Federation of Psychiatric Trainees (EFPT) investigated the extent of migration among trainees across Europe by Brain Drain research project. Results from a non-EU country, with the lowest number of mental health professionals per 100 000 population across OECD countries might provide important clues.ObjectiveTo identify attitudes towards and behaviors towards international migration among psychiatry trainees from Turkey.MethodAn online survey was conducted among psychiatry trainees from Turkey in 2013, as part of the EFPT Brain Drain Research Project.ResultsOf 107 trainees surveyed, 74% considered living abroad. However, the rate of having even short mobility experience was just 13%, and these were mainly educational visits. More than half of those who visited a foreign country reported to have a satisfactory experience, which might explain the positive influence of these visits on attitudes towards migration. Responders perceived academic conditions as the most important aspect of training that needs to be improved, in line with the fact that inadequate training programs were important reasons for migrating.ConclusionOverall, psychiatry trainees in Turkey tend to remain in their country of origin, which may protect healthcare system against the detriment of workforce loss. The relatively low rate of migration may also reflect the legislative barriers (e.g. being o non-EU country) impeding migrating. Our findings also suggest that the unmet educational needs of trainees require immediate attention.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Native vs. Migrants – same Opportunities or Discriminated? – Psychiatry Trainees's Views from the EFPT Brain Drain Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S624-S625
Author(s):  
M. Pinto da Costa ◽  
S. Tomori ◽  
T. Mogren ◽  
E. Biskup ◽  
F. Baessler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Brain Drain ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Software Package ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Equal Opportunities ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
Item Questionnaire ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Skilled Health

IntroductionIt is a well known fact that qualified health professionals generally migrate to high-income, developed regions. Nevertheless, the perceptions of this immigrant skilled health workforce on access to opportunities or feeling discriminated in their host countries, have not yet been explored or adequately addressed.ObjectivesThis work has focused on the perceptions of immigrant psychiatry trainees in several European countries about their views on having equal access to opportunities as natives or feeling discriminated.MethodsA semi-structured 61-item questionnaire was circulated by National Coordinators in each country and was completed by 2281 psychiatric trainees from 33 European countries between year 2013 and 2014. Data has been analysed using the Software Package for Social Sciences for Windows v. 22.0 (SPSS Inc. Chicago, IL).ResultsIn these findings, more than one in ten psychiatry trainees across Europe were immigrants, with top host countries being Switzerland, Sweden and UK. Satisfaction with migration and the perception of having equal opportunities as the native trainees varied depending on the host country they migrated to. More than one-third of the trainees felt discriminated, not having the same opportunities as the local colleagues, especially concerning the work opportunities and the academic conditions. Still, nearly two-thirds considered having the same opportunities than natives.ConclusionsA high number of immigrant psychiatry trainees subjectively feels they do not have the same opportunities as local trainees. Further research about factual and perceived discrimination by immigrant workforce should be done.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Syrian Crisis and Migration

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pinar Yazgan ◽  
Deniz Eroglu Utku ◽  
Ibrahim Sirkeci
Keyword(s):  
Human Mobility ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
Syrian Crisis ◽  
Mass Migration ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Europe Today ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Near Future

With the growing insurrections in Syria in 2011, an exodus in large numbers have emerged. The turmoil and violence have caused mass migration to destinations both within the region and beyond. The current "refugee crisis" has escalated sharply and its impact is widening from neighbouring countries toward Europe. Today, the Syrian crisis is the major cause for an increase in displacement and the resultant dire humanitarian situation in the region. Since the conflict shows no signs of abating in the near future, there is a constant increase in the number of Syrians fleeing their homes. However, questions on the future impact of the Syrian crisis on the scope and scale of this human mobility are still to be answered. As the impact of the Syrian crisis on host countries increases, so does the demand for the analyses of the needs for development and protection in these countries. In this special issue, we aim to bring together a number of studies examining and discussing human mobility in relation to the Syrian crisis.

scholarly journals How does participation in a voluntary prize exam affect medical students’ knowledge and interest in ENT, plastic surgery, ophthalmology and dermatology?

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Razan Nour ◽  
Kerry Jobling ◽  
Alasdair Mayer ◽  
Salma Babikir
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Plastic Surgery ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Junior Doctors ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Medical Specialties ◽  
Spare Time ◽  
Before And After ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Interest And Knowledge

Abstract Background Otolaryngology (ENT), plastic surgery, ophthalmology and dermatology are medical specialties which tend to receive less coverage in UK medical school curricula compared to larger, generalist specialties. As a result, there are fewer opportunities for medical students to learn and to cultivate an interest. There are numerous papers that report concerns about junior doctors’ ability to manage conditions within these specialties, which may jeopardise patient safety. The aim of our pilot project was to increase medical students’ interest and knowledge of ENT, plastic surgery, ophthalmology and dermatology. In addition to describing our project, we present and discuss literature on UK undergraduate education in these specialties and its impact on preparedness of junior doctors and future career choices. Methods One hundred twelve final year medical students at Newcastle University were invited to take part in a voluntary two-part (written and clinical) exam, in which prizes could be won and all participants would receive a certificate of participation. We distributed two online surveys to the students, one administered before the exam and one afterwards. Data was collected regarding the students’ motivation for entering the prize exam and the students’ baseline interest and knowledge in these specialties before and after the prize exam. Free-text responses were collected about the students’ opinion of the project and whether participation was beneficial. Results Sixteen students participated in the exam. There was a statistically significant increase in the students’ knowledge in ENT (p < 0.000), plastic surgery (p < 0.000), ophthalmology (p < 0.028) and dermatology (p < 0.012) after participation in the exam, but not in their interest levels. ENT was the preferred specialty of our cohort. The students reported that they found participation beneficial to their learning, particularly receiving exam feedback and explanations to exam questions. Conclusions This pilot project was a useful intervention in increasing medical students’ knowledge in these specialties, but not in their levels of interest. It also demonstrates that medical students are willing to participate in voluntary initiatives (in their spare time) to gain more learning opportunities and that medical students value timely exam feedback to guide their revision.

WORK–LIFE BALANCE IN THE CURRENT JAPANESE CONTEXT

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 57-64
Author(s):  
Akizumi Tsutsumi
Keyword(s):  
Working Hours ◽  
Work Conditions ◽  
Work Life ◽  
Work Life Balance ◽  
Life Balance ◽  
Medical Specialties ◽  
Long Working Hours ◽  
Family Work ◽  
Overtime Work ◽  
Work Style

Background: Work style reform in Japan is under way in response to a predicted shortfall in the workforce owing to the country’s low birth rate and high longevity, health problems due to excessive working hours, and the need for diversification of employment. A legal limit for physicians’ overtime work will be introduced in 2024. Objectives: This study examines the work–life balance among Japan’s doctors in the context of ongoing work style reform. Methodology: The study applied included selective reviews of demographic shifts, legislation against long working hours, and trends in doctors’ participation in the labor force. Results: Japan’s doctors work long hours, which creates a conflict between their working and private lives. The proportion of female doctors in Japan is the lowest among the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries. Employment trends among women doctors by age group show an M-curve: many quit their jobs upon marriage or childbirth. Gender role stereotyping has led male Japanese doctors to devote themselves entirely to their professions and working excessively long hours: they leave all family work to their female partners. This stereotyping obliges female doctors to undertake household chores in addition to their career tasks, which makes it difficult for them to re-enter their careers. Because of the harsh working conditions (including long working hours), there has been a decline in newly graduated doctors in some medical specialties. Conclusions: For sustainable, effective health care in Japan, it is necessary to improve the work conditions for Japan’s doctors towards achieving work–life harmony.

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