The impact of interpersonal violence in youth sport on adult psychopathology

IntroductionA recent cohort study in the Netherlands and Belgium showed that 38% of children experienced psychological violence, 11% physical violence, and 14% sexual violence in sport (Vertommen et al., 2016). This study aims to explore the long-term consequences on anxiety, depression and somatic complaints in adults who experienced psychological, physical or sexual violence in the specific context of organized youth sport.MethodsA web survey in a representative sample of adults, prescreened on having participated in organized sport before the age of 18 (n = 4043) was conducted. In this sample, depression, anxiety and somatic problems were assessed using the brief symptom inventory. A generalized linear model was used to quantify the impact of experiencing severe interpersonal violence in sport on psychopathology.ResultsAll three types of severe interpersonal violence (psychological, physical and sexual) were significantly associated with the total score and the subscales of the brief symptom inventory. The effect remains significant after controlling for socio-demographics, as well as disability, sexual orientation, adverse childhood experiences outside sport, recent trauma and family history of psychological problems.ConclusionsExperiencing interpersonal violence against in youth sport is associated with mental health problems in adulthood. This is an important finding to consider in child protection policy in sport.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Download Full-text

Pemahaman Masyarakat terhadap UUPKDRT serta Dampaknya terhadap Terjadinya Kekerasan dalam Rumah Tangga

JURNAL RECHTENS ◽

10.36835/rechtens.v8i2.530 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 135-152

Author(s):

Ahmad Yunus ◽

Supianto Supianto

Keyword(s):

Domestic Violence ◽

Sexual Violence ◽

Physical Violence ◽

Psychological Violence ◽

The People ◽

High Incidence ◽

Economic Violence ◽

Level Of Understanding ◽

Forms Of Violence ◽

The Impact

Harmonious households can occur due to several factors that support, including factors such as comfort, compatibility, the existence of goals and trust. Conversely, households that are not harmonious occur because of several factors, including the lack of compatibility and frequent conflicts. This research focuses on how the level of understanding and the impact of community understanding of UUPKDRT. The level of community understanding of Cangkring Village, Jenggawah Subdistrict, regarding the PKDRT Law is still low. They do not know that there are many kinds of violence, including physical violence, psychological violence, sexual violence, economic violence and domestic violence violence. The impact of the low understanding of the people of Cangkring Village on the PKDRT Law and also the low understanding of various forms of violence in household causes the high incidence of violence in the household whether it is realized consciously or not.Keywords: Understanding, Domestic violence, impact

Download Full-text

Understanding the Prevalence Rates of Interpersonal Violence Experienced by Young French-Speaking Swiss Athletes

Frontiers in Psychology ◽

10.3389/fpsyg.2021.726635 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Élise Marsollier ◽

Denis Hauw ◽

Fabienne Crettaz von Roten

Keyword(s):

Sexual Violence ◽

Preliminary Data ◽

Interpersonal Violence ◽

Physical Violence ◽

The Other ◽

Prevalence Rates ◽

Psychological Violence ◽

Young Athletes ◽

Sport Practice ◽

French Speaking

Facing the important methodological limitations of the instruments used for assessing the prevalence of interpersonal violence faced by young athletes, the aim of the present study was to propose and describe the use of a research instrument adapted to young and French-speaking athletes. In addition, by collecting preliminary data with a Swiss sample, we aimed to measure the different forms of interpersonal violence young athletes have experienced at least once during their sport practice. Our questionnaire was based on three existing questionnaires and adapted for a young audience. Regarding prevalence, results showed that among the 210 respondents, 75% declared psychological violence, 53% physical violence, 28% sexual violence and 21% reported no violence. The other results showed that this instrument appears to be well-structured to measure interpersonal violence and understandable for young athletes. Based on the strengths and limits of our instrument, the methodological need of standardization of research instruments is discussed in line with a need of more studies to fully understand the phenomenon.

Download Full-text

Magnitude and Risk Factors for Interpersonal Violence Experienced by Canadian Teenagers in the Sport Context

Journal of Sport and Social Issues ◽

10.1177/0193723520973571 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 019372352097357

Author(s):

Sylvie Parent ◽

Marie-Pier Vaillancourt-Morel

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Sexual Violence ◽

Interpersonal Violence ◽

Online Survey ◽

Physical Violence ◽

Scientific Evidence ◽

Team Sports ◽

Sexual Preference ◽

Psychological Violence ◽

Associated Risk Factors

Recent studies demonstrate that interpersonal violence toward athletes (VTA) is a significant problem in some countries. However, in Canada, little scientific evidence on the prevalence of this issue exists. The objective of this study was to describe the magnitude of interpersonal violence toward young Canadian athletes in the context of sport and to explore associated risk factors. A total of 1,055 athletes, aged between 14 and 17 years, anonymously completed an online survey about their experiences of various types of interpersonal violence in sport. The sample consisted of 763 girls and 292 boys, with a mean age of 15.3 ± 1.1 years. Results showed that 79.2% of athletes reported at least one experience of psychological violence followed by 39.9% reporting physical violence, 35.7% reporting neglect, and 28.2% sexual violence. Being older, being a girl, having specialized in a sport early on, and a high number of hours of weekly practice were related to higher odds of reporting psychological violence or neglect. Being older, being a boy, reporting a nonheterosexual sexual preference, greater number of hours of weekly practice, being in an interregional or provincial sport level, and practicing only team sports were related to higher odds of reporting physical violence. Reporting a nonheterosexual sexual preference and being in an interregional or international sport level were associated with higher odds of reporting sexual violence. In conclusion, this study shows that VTA, particularly psychological violence and neglect, is a serious problem in youth sport in Canada. These results may help to influence public decision makers to intervene and develop and implement strategies to prevent VTA.

Download Full-text

Prevalence and Characteristics of Interpersonal Violence in People Dying From Suicide in Victoria, Australia

Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1177/1010539517743615 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

pp. 36-44 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Michael B MacIsaac ◽

Lyndal Bugeja ◽

Tracey Weiland ◽

Jeremy Dwyer ◽

Kav Selvakumar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Interpersonal Violence ◽

Physical Violence ◽

Targeted Prevention ◽

Psychological Violence ◽

Men And Women ◽

Risk Of Death ◽

Increased Risk ◽

History Of ◽

Few Data ◽

The Impact

Victims of interpersonal violence are known to be at increased risk of suicidal ideation and attempts; however, few data exist on the impact that violence has on the risk of death from suicide. This study examined 2153 suicides (1636 males and 517 females) occurring between 2009 and 2012. Information was sourced from the Coroners Court of Victoria’s Suicide Register, a detailed database containing information on all Victorian suicides. Forty-two percent of women who died from suicide had a history of exposure to interpersonal violence, with 23% having been a victim of physical violence, 18% suffering psychological violence, and 16% experiencing sexual abuse. A large number of men who died from suicide had also been exposed to interpersonal violence, many of whom had perpetrated violence within the 6 weeks prior to their death. Targeted prevention, particularly removing barriers for men to seek help early after perpetrating violence is likely to have benefits in preventing suicide in both men and women.

Download Full-text

Exploring the experience of intimate partner violence in the LGBT community

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.799 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽

Author(s):

M Papadakaki ◽

F Zioti ◽

Z N Karadimitriou ◽

M Papadopoulou

Keyword(s):

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Sexual Violence ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Physical Violence ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Childhood Victimization ◽

Psychological Violence ◽

Violence Victimization ◽

Lgbt Community ◽

Forms Of Violence

Abstract Background The study aimed at measuring the prevalence and identifying the risk factors of intimate partner violence in individuals from the LGBT community. Methods A total of 180 individuals participated in the study, both male and female, aged 18-60 years, living in the broader area of Athens, Greece. Snowball sampling was applied to identify eligible individuals and social media were employed to recruit them. The questionnaire explored the violence victimization and perpetration in their relationships, the preferred reaction to various forms of violence and the role of childhood victimization in adulthood experiences of violence. Results 72.8% were homosexual, 26.7% bisexual, 81.7 % were women with a mean age of 25.2 years (6.0 standard deviation). A total of 67.2% were subjected to verbal abuse before the age of 16, 49.4% to physical violence, 6.7% to sexual violence and 46.7% were neglected. The prevalence of violence victimization was higher than the prevalence of violence perpetration (mean 9.81 and 5.92 respectively). Psychological violence was the most common among other forms of violence, both in victimization (psychological 7.34, physical 1.66, sexual 0.81) and perpetration (psychological 4.48, physical 1.26, sexual 0.18). In hypothetical scenarios of psychological violence, the majority of participants preferred separation and discussion about boundaries as strategies to deal with the situation (56.1 and 45.0 respectively), in scenarios of physical violence they primarily preferred separation and secondarily asking a professional advice (73.3 and 20.6, respectively) and in sexual violence they primarily preferred a discussion about boundaries and secondarily separation (69.4% and 31.7% respectively). Experiences of childhood victimization (p=.006), and female gender (p=.002), were found to be associated at a statistically significant level with violent victimization in adulthood. Conclusions Further research is necessary to identify groups at risk of victimization. Key messages Preventive efforts need to take into account individual sociodemographic and attitudinal characteristics that increase the risk of victimization. Experiences of victimization during childhood are highly associated with victimization in adulthood.

Download Full-text

Violence committed and victimization in courtship in adolescents: Does gender matter?

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.1071 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽

Author(s):

E A Villegas Vázquez ◽

J C Leyva Chipol ◽

K C Cervantes Gómez ◽

S I Valencia Almeida ◽

F G Márquez Celedonio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High School Students ◽

Sexual Violence ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

Physical Violence ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Research Question ◽

Middle Level ◽

School Students ◽

History Of ◽

Del Rio

Abstract Introduction Within the current context in our Mexico, major states of violence for women have been manifested on a daily basis without having any more reason than being female. Veracruz is the first place in feminicides in Mexico with a rate of 3.44 per 100 thousand women. Research question: What is the intensity of the violence committed and victimization in the courtship of young students of the Upper Middle level in the Veracruz - Boca del Río area, according to their gender? Material and Methods A cross-sectional, prospective, observational and analytical study was carried out from December to February 2020. Middle-high school students from the Veracruz-Boca del Río region were included, who had a dating relationship and were excluded those who did not accept to participate. The variable “violence committed and victimization in courtship” was quantified with the CADRI instrument. The spss v22 software was used, Sudent's T was calculated for independent samples, with statistical significance p < 0.05. Results 741 students were included. There was a prevalence of violence committed of 86.2% and victimization of 89.2%. Of the total number of students who suffered and committed violence, women occupy 66.3% and 66.7% respectively. There is a difference in the intensity of violence between women and men in verbal-emotional violence (4.5 ± 4.2 vs. 3.4 ± 3.4), physical violence (0.6 ± 1.3 vs. 0.36 ± 3.6) and violence in general (5.7 ± 5.7 vs 4.3 ± 4.8) (p < 0.05), while victimization scores do not make a difference between both genders (p > 0.05). The history of psychological and sexual violence in previous relationships, as well as sexual violence in daily life are more frequent in the female sex (p < 0.05) Conclusions The violence generated is more intense in women, however, they also have a history of having suffered violence more frequently in previous relationships and in their daily lives. Key messages Women suffer more aggressions at different stages of their lives, which may increase the risk to tolerate aggressions or be more aggressive or suffer mental health problems. We must study if the violence generated by women is a response to a previous aggression from their boyfriend.

Download Full-text

Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga (KDRT) Terhadap Perempuan: Perspektif Pekerjaan Sosial

KOMUNITAS ◽

10.20414/komunitas.v10i1.1072 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 39-57

Author(s):

Agung Budi Santoso

Keyword(s):

Domestic Violence ◽

Social Workers ◽

Violence Against Women ◽

Physical Violence ◽

Family Counseling ◽

National Commission ◽

Psychological Violence ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Sense Of Security ◽

The Impact

National Commission on violence against women (2015) noted that violence against women showed a widespread pattern. The 2016 annual press release (Catahu) released that there were 321,752 of violence cases. The largest type of violence against women was violence in the personal sector. Violence in the form of rape was 72% (2,399 of cases), violence in the form of obscenity was 18% (601 of cases), and sexual abuse was 5% (166 of cases). The majority of personal violence victims (domestic / household) were women. The forms of domestic violence included physical violence, psychological violence, sexual violence and neglect of the household; while the main factor was the lack of communication and disharmony among family members. The impact in the short term was usually like a physical injury, disability, pregnancy, loss of work, and so forth; while the long-term effects were psychological disorders (psychiatric), loss of confidence, fend for oneself, trauma and appearance of fear to depression. The handling of domestic violence is one of the focuses of social workers to play a role in helping / assisting the recovery of victims. The social worker should be able to convince the victims to dare to express their problems, to give a sense of security, and comfort. Social workers in helping victims of domestic violence should have knowledge and alignment to the victims that the slightest violence is a form of crime against humanity. Victims of domestic violence must immediately obtain the protection, security assurance and social assistance. The efforts which can be done by social workers are counseling and family counseling. Those are done as a form of therapy so that victims do not feel the prolonged trauma and they can think calmly.

Download Full-text

REPRESENTASI PEREMPUAN SEBAGAI SIMBOL PERLAWANAN PADA NOVEL JALAN PANJANG MENUJU PULANG KARYA PIPIET SENJA: KAJIAN FEMINISME RADIKAL

SEMIOTIKA Jurnal Ilmu Sastra dan Linguistik ◽

10.19184/semiotika.v20i2.13298 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 78

Author(s):

Suci Annisa Caroline ◽

Novi Anoegrajekti ◽

Heru S. P. Saputra

Keyword(s):

Domestic Violence ◽

Sexual Violence ◽

Qualitative Method ◽

Physical Violence ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Radical Feminism ◽

The Novel ◽

Psychological Violence ◽

Representation Of Women ◽

Education Politics

In a dominant patriarchal culture, women are considered lower than men in many aspects such as education, politics, workplace, and the sexuality discourse. This article shows the representation of women who symbolize her resistance which is reflected in the novel entitled Jalan Panjang Menuju Pulang by Pipiet Senja. It is used qualitative method supported by descriptive analysis on the basis of theoretical of radical feminism. The results of the study show that woman (Fatin) is subjugated by men. There are physical violence, psychological violence, and also domestic violence which happened to Fatin. Hans did Sexual harassment, while sexual violence done by Frankie. Meanwhile her husband ,Rimbong, threat her and hit her. Fatin suffers psychic and also physical violence. This spouse fought for the custody right. This research discuss about how Fatin showing her resistance to the domestic violence and sexual violence. In her apartment, Fatin dares to scuffles then reports Frankie to the police. She also reveals her resistance by hiding away her child when her husband will take her child.

Download Full-text

Microfinance and domestic violence

The Journal of Adult Protection ◽

10.1108/jap-05-2020-0014 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (5) ◽

pp. 333-351

Author(s):

Khondker Aktaruzzaman ◽

Omar Farooq

Keyword(s):

Domestic Violence ◽

Violence Against Women ◽

Physical Violence ◽

Psychological Violence ◽

Content Type ◽

Variable Approach ◽

Women's Participation ◽

Physical And Psychological Violence ◽

The Impact ◽

Instrumental Variable Approach

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to document the impact of participation in microfinance programs on domestic violence against women. Design/methodology/approach This paper uses the survey data from 69 villages in Bangladesh and the instrumental variable approach to estimate the effect of participation in microcredit programs on domestic violence. Findings The results show that women’s participation in microcredit programs does not reduce domestic violence. However, this result is possible only when the authors do not distinguish between female borrowers who have control over credit and those who do not have control over credit. Classifying female borrowers into these two categories can significantly change the results. The authors report significantly lower physical violence against those female who have control over credit. In case of psychological violence, the authors report no significant impact of control over microcredit. Originality/value The novelty of the paper lies in distinguishing between physical and psychological violence.

Download Full-text

The Association Between Interpersonal Violence and Unstable Housing Among Veterans

Military Medicine ◽

10.1093/milmed/usab557 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Anita S Hargrave ◽

Leigh Kimberg ◽

Edward L Machtinger ◽

Margot B Kushel ◽

Beth E Cohen

Keyword(s):

Mental Illness ◽

Substance Use ◽

Sexual Violence ◽

Interpersonal Violence ◽

Physical Violence ◽

Unstable Housing ◽

Explanatory Factors ◽

Physical Attack ◽

Adjusted Model ◽

Age And Sex

ABSTRACT Background Despite programs to address housing for Veterans, they continue to be at high risk of unstable housing. Interpersonal violence is also highly prevalent among Veterans and may contribute to unstable housing. Our study aimed to determine whether interpersonal violence was associated with unstable housing among Veterans, and how this association was influenced by common co-occurring conditions such as substance use and mental illness. Methods Veterans in the Mind Your Heart Study (N = 741) completed survey data on history of interpersonal violence and access to housing in the prior year. Interpersonal violence was defined as experiencing sexual violence, physical violence, or mugging/physical attack using the Brief Trauma Questionnaire. Multivariable models examined associations between interpersonal violence and unstable housing. Primary models were adjusted for age and sex. Potential explanatory factors were added in subsequent models, including marital status, education, income, substance use disorder, PTSD, and other mental illness. Results Veterans who had experienced interpersonal violence had almost twice the odds of unstable housing after adjustment for age and sex (AOR 1.9, 95% CI 1.2–3.0). This association was attenuated in the fully adjusted model including substance use, PTSD, and other mental illness, illustrating the interdependence of these factors (AOR 1.5, 95% CI 0.91–2.5). Subtypes of interpersonal violence were individually associated with increased odds of unstable housing after adjustment for age and sex (physical abuse AOR 1.7, 95% CI 1.2–2.5; mugging/physical attack AOR 1.8, 95% CI 1.2–2.7; sexual violence AOR 1.4, 95% CI 0.89–2.2), but were no longer significant in the fully adjusted model. Conclusions Previous experiences of interpersonal violence were associated with unstable housing among Veterans. Substance use, PTSD, and other mental illness played an important role in this relationship—highlighting the potential to improve health outcomes through trauma informed approaches that address mental health, substance use, and housing concurrently.

Download Full-text