Is prior suicide attempt a reliable indicator of short-term suicide risk amongst patients admitted to an acute suicide inpatient intervention unit in India?

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s889-s889
Author(s):  
S. Mishra
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Recent Attempt ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Indian Men ◽  
Traditional Pattern ◽  
Suicidal Patients

IntroductionTraditionally past suicide attempt is considered a strong reliable factor in predicting an immediate or short-term suicide risk. Considering the complex interplay of different variables associated with suicide, the absence of past attempts may not prove to be of lesser risk for a consequent attempt.AimTo compare sociodemographic and clinical correlates within high-risk suicidal patients who have made a recent suicide attempt in the presence versus absence of past suicide attempts.MethodsRetrospective review of patient's records admitted to intensive care unit, applied suicide intervention and supportive treatment (ASIST) between 1st January 2015 and 31st May 2016 was conducted. Data was extracted for all consecutive admissions to ASIST, of adults (16 to 60 years) male patients with high risk for suicide.ResultsOut of 109 at risk inpatients, 31% were recent attempters without past attempts and 13.5% were recent and past attempters. Rest included past attempters without recent attempt and non-attempters. Except for poor coping skills, which were significantly higher (Chi2= 13.97; P = 0.001) in the group consisting recent and past attempters, all other relevant sociodemographic and illness related correlates were comparable across these groups.ConclusionSuicide risk may be associated with multiple factors. Apart from past attempts, a faulty coping style can be associated with risk for further attempts. Other correlates like age, marital status, employment and illness profile did not follow the traditional pattern in our study which makes them equally important while addressing suicide risk in Indian men.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.

Nearly Lethal Resuscitated Suicide Attempters Have No Low Serum Levels of Cholesterol and Triglycerides

2010 ◽  
Vol 106 (3) ◽  
pp. 785-790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio Pompili ◽  
David Lester ◽  
Marco Innamorati ◽  
Paolo Girardi ◽  
Roberto Tatarelli
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Lower Serum ◽  
Lower Serum Cholesterol

To verify the hypothesis that suicide attempts are associated with lower serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels of patients with mood disorders, 26 patients with mood disorders (bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder) were admitted after a medically serious suicide attempt to the emergency department and then hospitalized in the psychiatric unit of the Sant'Andrea Hospital (Rome, Italy). Controls were 87 patients who had not made a recent suicide attempt. Attempters and nonattempters did not differ in the levels of serum cholesterol or triglycerides. Indeed, attempters had nonsignificantly higher serum levels of cholesterol and lower serum levels of triglycerides. The use of biologic indicators such as levels of serum cholesterol and triglycerides in the prediction of suicide risk in mood disorders was not fully supported from this small sample.

Suicide attempts preceding completed suicide

1998 ◽  
Vol 173 (6) ◽  
pp. 531-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erkki T. Isometsä ◽  
Jouko K. Lönnqvist
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Psychological Autopsy ◽  
Autopsy Study ◽  
History Of

BackgroundThis study investigated three questions with major implications for suicide prevention: the sensitivity of the history of previous suicide attempt(s) as an indicator of suicide risk, the time interval from a preceding suicide attempt to the fatal one, and switching of suicide methods by those eventually completing suicide.MethodThe lifetime history of suicide attempts and the methods the victims (n=1397) used were examined in a nationwide psychological autopsy study comprising all suicides in Finland within a 12-month research period in 1987–1988.ResultsOverall, 56% of suicide victims were found to have died at their first suicide attempt, more males (62%) than females (38%). In 19% of males and 39% of females the victim had made a non-fatal attempt during the final year. Of the victims with previous attempts, 82% had used at least two different methods in their suicide attempts (the fatal included).ConclusionsMost male and a substantial proportion of female suicides die in their first suicide attempt, a fact that necessitates early recognition of suicide risk, particularly among males. Recognition of periods of high suicide risk on the grounds of recent non-fatal suicide attempts is likely to be important for suicide prevention among females. Subjects completing suicide commonly switch from one suicide method to another, a finding that weakens but does not negate the credibility of restrictions on the availability of lethal methods as a preventive measure.

Characteristics of suicide attempters with a high lethality means

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s889-s889
Author(s):  
C.T. Lee ◽  
S.Y. Lee ◽  
K.U. Lee ◽  
H.K. Lee ◽  
Y.S. Kweon
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Judgment ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Suicide Attempters ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
History Of ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Lethal Means

IntroductionSuicide attempts with higher lethality increase the likelihood of suicide completion. Accumulating knowledge on risk factors contributing to higher suicide lethality may help clinicians to allocate their limited resources to more endangered people.ObjectivesTo explore the factors associated with higher lethality in suicide attempts.MethodsAll suicide attempters, who visited the emergency department of Uijeongbu St. Mary's hospital from January 2014 to December 2015, were reviewed retrospectively. We compared between the high vs. the low lethality group, of which had been recorded based on clinical judgment using t-test or Chi2/Fisher's exact test with two-sided P-value of 0.05.ResultsAmong the 753 suicide attempters, the assessed lethality was recorded in 736 cases. Low and highly lethal attempters were 426 (57.9%) and 310 (42.1%), respectively. For demographic variables, the high lethality attempters were significantly more likely to be older (48.3 vs. 44.78; P = 0.009), unemployed (61.0% vs. 56.5%; P = 0.042, without religion (90.9% vs. 84.9%; P = 0.017). For clinical variables, the high lethality attempters were significantly more likely have hopelessness (67.7% vs. 58.2%; P = 0.013) and a history of schizophrenia (4.5% vs. 1.4%; P = 0.023, while they did display any difference for mood disorders. The low lethality suicide attempts were more frequent in patients with comorbid personality disorders (9.2% vs. 4.9%; P = 0.031).ConclusionsThese results are in line with literatures reporting higher suicide risk in people, who are old, unemployed, not having a religion, psychotic and hopeless. These may have been moderated by committing a higher lethal means of suicide at least in part and warrants additional investigations.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Psychiatric comorbidity and suicide risk in patients with psoriasis

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S395-S396 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Pompili ◽  
M. Innamorati ◽  
D. Erbuto ◽  
A. Costanzo
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Psychiatric Comorbidity ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
The Other ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Melanoma Patients ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Hamilton Rating Scale

IntroductionPsoriasis has a significant impact on the mental and emotional functioning.ObjectiveIt has been reported that the risk of psychiatric comorbidity increases with the severity of the disorder, and the most frequent associations appear to be those with depression and anxiety.AimsTo analyze the association between psoriasis, mental disorders and suicidal ideation in a sample of patients affected by psoriasis. To investigate the differences between psoriasis patients and patients with other dermatologic diseases.MethodsParticipants were 242 consecutive patients (142 women and 100 men), 112 patients with psoriasis (46.3%), 77 with melanoma (31.8%) and 53 with allergy (21.0%). All patients were administered a structured sociodemographic interview and the following measures: the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D) and the Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HAM-A). We also assessed current and previous suicidal ideation and previous suicide attempts.ResultsPatients with psoriasis (compared to other groups of patients) more frequently had a comorbid mood disorder (16.1% vs 3.9% and 0.0%, respectively for patients with melanoma and patients with allergy; χ22 = 14.98; P < 0.001), past suicidal ideation (33.9% vs 15.6% and 18.9%, respectively for patients with melanoma and patients with allergy; χ22 = 2.05; P < 0.01) and attempts (6.3% vs 0.0% and 0.0%, for the other groups of patients; χ22 = 8.37; P < 0.05). Patients with psoriasis reported higher HAM-D scores than melanoma patients.ConclusionsThe clinical evaluation of patients with psoriasis should include the assessment of psychiatric comorbidities and the routinely assessment of suicide risk.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

The Prevalence of The Burnout Syndrome among Population Examined at The Psychiatric Emergency Department for attempted Suicide

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S443-S443
Author(s):  
E. Perju ◽  
E. Gallois
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽  
Burnout Syndrome ◽  
The Public ◽  
Foreign Population ◽  
The Social ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Public Environment

IntroductionThe intention of this study is to show the frequency of the burnout syndrome among the population seen at psychiatric ER for the most severe complication of the burnout, the suicide attempt.Objective(a) To demonstrate the frequency of burnout among the population examined at psychiatric ER for suicide attempt.(b) To establish a correlation between the frequency of burnout and:– the socio-demographic characteristics;– the psychiatric follow-up;– the type of personality found.MethodsDescriptive study on a sample of 92 patients examined at psychiatric ER between 01/02/2014 and 01/06/2014 after a suicide attempt, seen by a single doctor. The patients received the Maslach Burnout inventory (MBI).ResultsThe frequency of burnout among the population consulted for suicide attempts is 8.7%. The limitations of this study were: the use of MBI questionnaire only by one doctor and a collection of data carried on a certain period of time.I managed to characterize the population seen after the suicide attempt induced by the burnout: 88% women; 25% foreign population working in a context with many responsibilities; the predominance of obsessive personality – 50%, followed by anxious personality type – 25%; the suicide attempt was done by a population without psychiatric history and without psychiatric follow-up – 75%; the studied population is divided between patients working in a high responsibility environment – 36% and patients working in the social or the public environment – 63%.Eighty-eight percent of patients were brought in after their first suicide attempt.ConclusionDespite the fact that until now a unanimous definition has not been formulated on the CIM-10, the burnout syndrome is one of the most popular disorders.The problematic is real, considering that this syndrome, which starts with a psychological distress, can escalade to a self-aggressive behaviour.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Who are the suicide reattempters?

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S600-S600
Author(s):  
E. Gattoni ◽  
C. Gramaglia ◽  
C. Delicato ◽  
S. Di Marco ◽  
I. Coppola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Emergency Room ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Somatoform Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Disease ◽  
Psychiatric Evaluation ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Competing Interest

BackgroundHistory of previous suicide attempts is one of the most important risk factors for a subsequent completed suicide. Suicide reattempters (SR) has been long associated with demographic and clinical risk factors for suicide, such as unemployment and psychiatric disorders, however a recent review of the literature has not supported a specific age and gender profile of SR, but rather underscored that, as far as diagnosis is concerned, SR were more likely to have a personality disorder. According to literature, 16%–34% of the subjects repeat a suicide attempt within the first 2 years after the previous one.AimThe purpose of our study was evaluating clinical and socio-demographic characteristics and the outcome of psychiatric consultation among subjects referring to an emergency room for recommitting a suicide attempt.MethodsWe considered a sample of SR aged > 16 years. We extracted data from the database including all patients requiring psychiatric evaluation in the emergency room, and eventually compared the features of SR and patients with a single suicide attempt. For each patient, we gathered socio-demographic features, psychiatric history and current clinical issues, suicidal intent and suicidal behaviors.ResultsData collection and statistical analyses are still ongoing. Preliminary results show that, compared to patients with a single suicide attempt, SR were more frequent female, unmarried, employed, with a low level of instruction; they had a psychiatric disease (axis I – anxiety disorder, somatoform disorder; axis II – histrionic personality disorder); they are under the care of mental health services and under psychopharmacological treatment.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Mortality and Further Suicidal Behaviour After an Index Suicide Attempt: a 10-Year Study

2005 ◽  
Vol 39 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 95-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheree J. Gibb ◽  
Annette L. Beautrais ◽  
David M. Fergusson
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Consecutive Series ◽  
Christchurch Hospital ◽  
National Mortality ◽  
Ongoing Support

Objective: To examine further suicide attempts and mortality in the 10 years after a suicide attempt requiring hospital admission. Method: Participants were a consecutive series of 3690 individuals admitted to Christchurch Hospital for attempted suicide during the 10-year period 1993–2002. Data were obtained on admissions to Christchurch Hospital for attempted suicide during the study period. Mortality subsequent to the index suicide attempt was established from the National Mortality Database. The influence of age, gender and method of index suicide attempt on mortality and further suicide attempts requiring hospitalization were examined. Results: Within 10 years, 28.1% of those who had been admitted for an index suicide attempt were readmitted for a further non-fatal suicide attempt, and 4.6% died by suicide. Risks and rates of readmission were higher in: females; those under 55; and those whose index attempt involved a method of low lethality. Risks and rates of suicide were higher in: males; those aged 25 and over; and those using an index suicide attempt method of high lethality. Risks and rates of readmission and mortality from suicide were highest in the first 2 years after the index attempt, although deaths and readmissions occurred throughout the 10 years study period. Conclusions: Those making suicide attempts requiring hospital admission are at high risk of further hospitalization for suicide attempt and of death from suicide. These findings suggest a need for ongoing support and monitoring, and for enhanced treatment and management of all those making suicide attempts which require hospital admission in an effort to reduce risks of further suicidal behaviour.

Risk factor for suicide attempt in a general hospital

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s890-s890
Author(s):  
B. Mures ◽  
N.G. Lluis ◽  
O.G. Luis ◽  
A.P. Iñigo ◽  
M.H. German ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Adjustment Disorder ◽  
Common Method ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Progressive Change ◽  
Competing Interest

IntroductionA major risk factor for suicide is suicide attempts. The aim of the present study was to assess risk factors for nonfatal suicide attempts. Suicide attempt with high lethality have been interacting with certain clinical and demographic factors such as age, sex, psychopathology and adverse events, among others.MethodsObservational, descriptive and retrospective study of people who was admitted to a general hospital after suicide attempt.AimThe aim of this study was to determinate variable associated to high risk of suicide. Describe and analyze demographic and clinical characteristics associated with serious suicide attempts as well as the methods used.ResultsOf a total of 504, 23 patients was admitted after suicide attempt, 61% male, mean age 54.1; 60% required ICU; the most common method consisted of multiple drug intake 40%, 30% associated with toxic, mostly alcohol. Predominant summer and diagnosis of adjustment disorder.ConclusionAs is the case with suicides prevails male and summer. As to the most common method has been from medication, both men and women. We were surprised diagnosis of the most common reactions to stress. We conclude that the findings could guide a progressive change in the presuicidal pathology.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Suicidal patients in a psychiatric emergency unit: clinical characteristics and aggression profile

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-17
Author(s):  
Vítor Crestani Calegaro ◽  
Cleonice Zatti ◽  
Andre Goettems Bastos ◽  
Lucia Helena Machado Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Psychiatric Emergency ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Recent Attempt ◽  
Prior History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Psychiatric Rating Scale ◽  
Suicidal Patients

Abstract Objective To explore and describe a profile of patients admitted to a psychiatric emergency facility, comparing patients with and without a recent suicide attempt in terms of their clinical characteristics and aggression. Methods This was an exploratory comparative study where patients were assessed using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) and the Overt Aggression Scale (OAS). Participants with a suicide attempt in the last 24 hours (SA) were compared to participants with a prior history of suicide attempt but no recent attempt (PHSA). Results 63 individuals (SA: 26; PHSA: 37) were selected. Both groups had similar demographic and clinical characteristics. The most prevalent diagnoses were mood (57.1%) and personality (50.8%) disorders. The majority of patients in both groups had a history of aggression episodes. Physical aggression in the week prior to admission was more prevalent in the PHSA group (51.4 vs. 19.2%, p = 0.017). The PHSA group also presented higher activation scores (p = 0.025), while the SA group presented higher affect scores on BPRS dimensions (p = 0.002). Conclusion The majority of individuals with a history of suicide attempt also presented a history of aggression. Inpatients with recent suicide attempt were hospitalized mainly due to the risk of suicide, while those with no recent suicide attempt were hospitalized mainly due to the risk of hetero-aggression. These findings support the hypothesis of an aggressive profile in suicidal patients and may open up a path for future research.

scholarly journals Serotonin transporter gene polymorphism as a predictor of short-term risk of suicide reattempts

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 19-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico M. Daray ◽  
Ángeles R. Arena ◽  
Arnaldo R. Armesto ◽  
Demián E. Rodante ◽  
Soledad Puppo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Serotonin Transporter ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Short Term ◽  
History Of ◽  
Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Adjusted Model

AbstractObjective:The serotonin-transporter-linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) polymorphisms are associated with suicidal behavior; however, prospective studies are scarce. Herein we aim to determine if 5-HTTLPR polymorphisms predict risk of short-term suicide reattempt in a high-risk suicidal sample. We also explore possible mediators or moderators of this relationship.Methods:A multicenter prospective cohort study was designed to compare data obtained form 136 patients admitted to the emergency department for current suicidal ideation or a recent suicide attempt. Subjects were clinically evaluated, genotyped, and monitored for a new suicide attempt for 6 months.Results:At 6 months of follow up, 21% of the subjects had a new suicide attempt. The frequency of L-allele and L-carrier was higher in reattempters when compared with non-reattempters (55.8% vs. 35.4%, p = 0.01 and 76.9% vs. 54.2%, p = 0.04, respectively). Reattempters also differ from non-reattempters patients with respect to age, history of previous suicide attempts, and age of onset of suicidal behavior. The logistic regression model showed that L-carriers had an odds ratio of 2.8 (95% CI: 1.0–7.6) for reattempts when compared to SS genotype. The adjusted model indicates that this association is not mediated or moderated by impulsivity.Conclusion:The 5-HTTLPR polymorphisms predicted short-term risk of suicidal reattempt independently of age and sex. L-carriers have almost three times more risk of relapse when compared with SS carriers.

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