Gender Difference Among Admitted Patients with Bipolar Disorder in a Psychiatric Service During a Three-year Period

IntroductionGender differences in bipolar disorder are becoming apparent, but have been less studied compared with major depression. The presentation, clinical features, course and evolution of bipolar disorder differ between men and women. Research data on these differences will help determine whether gender is important in influencing illness variables.ObjectivesDetermine whether men and women with bipolar disorder have statistical significant differences in socio-demographic and clinical data.MethodsCharts of all patients with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder admitted in the Coimbra Hospital and Universitary Center over a three-year period (between 2013 and 2015) were reviewed to gather data on socio-demographic, clinical and psychopathological variables to assess differences across genders. Statistical analysis of data with “SPSS21”.ResultsDuring a three-year period, 189 patients were admitted with bipolar disorder, the majority were female patients, with ages between 21 and 84 years old. The authors will analyse if there is any statistical significant difference between gender in the rate of bipolar I or II diagnoses, age at onset, symptom presentation, delay in diagnoses, number of depressive, or manic episodes, hospitalisations, involuntarily admissions, number of suicide attempts, co-morbidity rates, negative life events, family history and treatment options. Sociodemograpic characteristics will also be analysed.ConclusionGender differences in bipolar disorder is a controversial issue in the literature. The importance of gender on the course and outcome in bipolar disorder has been widely acknowledged. The limited data suggest that the prevalence is similar between sexes but that the course of illness may be different.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Aspects of the psychological consequences of cannabis use

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.563 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 (S1) ◽

pp. S479-S479

Author(s):

L. Montes Reula ◽

A. Portilla Fernández ◽

H. Saiz García

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Suicide Attempts ◽

Age At Onset ◽

Cannabis Use ◽

Psychological Consequences ◽

Course Of Illness ◽

Adult Age ◽

Affective Symptoms ◽

Competing Interest ◽

The Relationship

Cannabis is seen among general population as an “anti-depressive drug”. Many papers have been published in the field of investigation about the relationship between cannabis use and affective disorders. We pretend to find the aspect of the psychological consequences of cannabis use.MethodsUsing Pubmed and PsychInfo, we conducted a narrative review of the literature on cannabis and psychiatric comorbidity using the keywords cannabis, psychosis, mood, depression, mania, bipolar, and anxiety.ResultsThere is substantial evidence of an association between cannabis use and psychosis. A few reports suggest an association with bipolar disorder while the association with depression and anxiety disorders is mixed.ConclusionsThe present review confirms earlier findings of an association between cannabis use and a lower age at onset. Data shows that cannabis use, beginning in the adolescence and with a frequency higher than once a week, correlates with the development in adult age of affective symptoms and/or disorder, mainly in bipolar disorder, with a moderate relation with Depressive spectrum. Even more, some authors hypothesize that cannabis may play a role in the development of the disorder, that to say, affective disorder would not appear in the absence of cannabis use. The current findings suggest that recent cannabis use is associated with a more severe course of illness in the early phase of BD I.Recent cannabis use was also associated with more lifetime suicide attempts.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Abstract 17356: Gender Differences in Clinical Presentation and Outcomes of Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction and Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection: A Nationwide Inpatient Sample Matched Analysis

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.138.suppl_1.17356 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 138 (Suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Setri Fugar ◽

Juliet A Yirerong ◽

Alfred Solomon ◽

Ahmed A Kolkailah ◽

Tauseef Akthar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Heart Failure ◽

Gender Differences ◽

Clinical Presentation ◽

Artery Dissection ◽

P Value ◽

Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection ◽

Coronary Artery Dissection ◽

Men And Women ◽

Significant Difference

Introduction: Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection (SCAD) is reported to occur predominantly in young women. Gender differences in the clinical presentation and outcomes of patients with SCAD have not been studied on a population level. We sought to compare the in-hospital outcomes of men and women presenting with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and SCAD. Methods: We identified patients from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) between 2005 and 2015 who presented with primary diagnoses of AMI and SCAD. We identified SCAD with ICD-9 code 414.12. A 1:1 propensity-matched cohort was created to examine the outcomes between men and women. Primary endpoint was in-hospital mortality. Secondary endpoints included in-hospital cardiac and non-cardiac complications. Results: Of the 6617 (32017 weighted national estimates) patients with SCAD over the study period, majority were males 3667 (55.4%). Males were younger than females (60.32 yr vs. 61.59 yr) and presented more often with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) (53.0% vs. 45.9% P=<0.001). Propensity matching yielded 2366 males and 2366 females. In the matched group, there was no significant difference in in-hospital mortality between males and females (OR 1.20 95% CI -0.93-1.54). With regards to in-hospital complications, ventricular tachycardia (V-Tach) was significantly less frequent in females as compared to males (8.0% vs. 10.1% OR 0.76 p-value 0.003). There was no significant difference between females and males in the frequency of other complications, including intracranial hemorrhage (0.2% vs 0.2% OR 1.45 p-value 0.50), GI bleed (1.8% vs 1.3% OR 1.35 p-value 0.13), cardiogenic shock (9.8% vs 9.7% OR 1.01 p-value 0.86), acute heart failure (3% vs 2.6% OR 1.18 p-value 0.26), ventricular fibrillation(vfib) (5.6% vs 6.0% OR 0.928 p-value 0.48) or stroke ( 1.5% vs 1.0% OR 1.535 p-value 0.06) Conclusion: In our large population-based analysis, compared to females, males were more likely to present with STEMI as compared to females. With the except of V-Tach, which was higher in males, there were no significant gender differences in hospital outcomes namely inpatient mortality, cardiogenic, Vfib or acute heart failure.

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The Role of Deceptive Communication and Gender in Shaping Online Dating Interactions

Advances in Media, Entertainment, and the Arts - Handbook of Research on Deception, Fake News, and Misinformation Online ◽

10.4018/978-1-5225-8535-0.ch024 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 460-474

Author(s):

Anna Maria Kuzio

Keyword(s):

Gender Differences ◽

General Population ◽

Online Dating ◽

Significant Others ◽

Online Environment ◽

Men And Women ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Gender ◽

Deceptive Communication

Online dating is becoming an increasingly used method for meeting significant others. As the research of lying behavior has advanced so has the technique of detecting the act of lying, especially in the online environment where deception is more likely to happen. The aim of this chapter is to simplify the perception of lying behavior to the general population and examine gender differences of lying behavior, namely, to verify whether one can observe a statistically significant difference in the speech behavior and exploitation of lying cues among men and women. The study shows correlation between gender and deception in online environment.

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Pharmacotherapy of Bipolar I Disorder: Focus on Aripiprazole

Clinical Medicine Therapeutics ◽

10.4137/cmt.s2238 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

pp. CMT.S2238

Author(s):

Leo Bastiaens

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Treatment Options ◽

Borderline Personality ◽

Tolerability Profile ◽

Metabolic Disturbances ◽

Good Tolerability ◽

Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Good Tolerability Profile ◽

Co Morbidity ◽

Chronic Course

Bipolar disorder is a common and complex condition, starting early in life and continuing throughout the life cycle. Most people suffering from bipolar disorder manifest other problems as well, including metabolic disturbances, cardiovascular disease, anxiety disorders, substance use disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and borderline personality disorder, among others. The treatment of bipolar disorder needs to be conceptualized within this context of early onset, chronic course, and significant co-morbidity. Because of its unique mode of action, its efficacy and its good tolerability profile, aripiprazole is well placed among the different treatment options to benefit the patient with bipolar disorder. This article will focus on aripiprazole's pharmacology, efficacy, effectiveness, and tolerability from a clinical perspective, while considering the complexities of bipolar disorder.

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Gender differences in subtypes of late-onset depression and mania

International Psychogeriatrics ◽

10.1017/s104161020600319x ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 727-738 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Lars Vedel Kessing

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Gender Differences ◽

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Substance Abuse ◽

Depressive Episode ◽

Elderly Men ◽

Men And Women ◽

Single Depressive Episode ◽

First Contact ◽

Comorbid Substance Abuse

Background: It is currently not known whether elderly men and women present with different subtypes of depression and mania/bipolar disorder. The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of subtypes of a single depressive episode and mania/bipolar disorder according to the ICD-10 for elderly men and women in a nationwide sample of all out- and inpatients in psychiatric settings.Methods: All patients older than 65 years who received a diagnosis of a single depressive episode and mania/bipolar disorder in the period from 1994 to 2002 at the end of their first outpatient treatment or at their first discharge from psychiatric hospitalization in Denmark were identified in a nationwide register.Results: A total of 9837 patients aged more than 65 years received a diagnosis of a single depressive episode (69.9% were women) and 443 a diagnosis of mania/bipolar disorder (61.6% were women) at the end of their first contact with psychiatric health care. Slightly more women than men received a diagnosis of mild (70.8%) or moderate depression (67.4%) compared to severe depression (65.9%). Men more often presented with a single depressive episode with comorbid substance abuse or comorbid somatic illness. No gender differences were found in the prevalence of depression with or without melancholic or psychotic symptoms. Men more often presented with mania/bipolar disorder with comorbid substance abuse.Conclusions: The distributions of the subtypes of a single depressive episode or mania/bipolar disorder are remarkably similar for male and female patients aged over 65 years with first contact with the psychiatric health-care system.

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COVID-19 gender difference pattern in Iranian population, compared to the global pattern; a systematic review and meta-analysis

10.1101/2021.05.23.21257692 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

misagh rajabinejad ◽

Hossein Asgarian-Omran

Keyword(s):

Gender Differences ◽

General Population ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Iranian Population ◽

Detection Methods ◽

Antibody Isotype ◽

Global Pattern ◽

Men And Women ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Subgroup Analyses

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has highlighted Sex-related immune responses. In this review, gender differences in seroprevalence, severity, mortality, and recovery in the Iranian population were systematically compared to the COVID-19 global pattern. This compressive meta-analysis was conducted on studies published up to April 1, 2021, examining seroprevalence in the general population as well as disease outcomes in hospitalized patients. Data were analyzed based on gender to determine differences between men and women in COVID-19. The PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, WOS, medRxiv, and bioRxiv were searched. The odds ratio (OR) was calculated based on the random-effects model, with a corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI), according to the number of participants reported in papers. Subgroup analyses were performed according to the age, antibody isotype, and detection assay. Overall, 61 studies with 225799 males and 237017 females were eligible for meta-analysis. Seroprevalence was 1.13 times higher (95% CI: 1.03, 1.24), mortality was 1.45 times higher (95% CI: 1.19, 1.77), and severity was up to 1.37 times higher (95% CI: 1.13, 1.67) in males than those of females in the general population across the globe. Mortality was higher in Iranian patients up to 26% in men (95% CI: 1.20, 1.33), but no significant difference was observed between disease severity and serum prevalence between men and women. Besides, the rate of recovery was 29% (global pattern) and 21% (Iran pattern) lower in males than in females. The results of subgroup analyses for seroprevalence were not significant for the age, antibody isotype, and detection methods. The results of our meta-analyses showed that the patient mortality and recovery patterns are similar in Iran and other countries in the context of gender differences, and the disease is more fatal in men.

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Association between Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Suicide Attempts in Patients with Bipolar Disorder

Iranian Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.18502/ijps.v14i3.1341 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Jafar Fili ◽

Marzieh Nojomi ◽

Katayoon Razjouyan ◽

Mojgan Kahdemi ◽

Rozita Davari- Ashtiani

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Regression Model ◽

Logistic Regression Model ◽

Suicide Attempts ◽

P Value ◽

Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Chi Squared ◽

History Of

Objective: The present study aimed to examine the association between ADHD and suicide attempts among adolescents with bipolar disorder. Method: Participants were 168 adolescents who fulfilled DSM-IV-TR criteria for bipolar disorder. They were divided into 2 groups: The first group of patients with bipolar disorder with a history of suicide attempts (n = 84) and the second group without a history of suicide attempts (n = 84). ADHD and other variables were analyzed using a chi-squared test and logistic regression model. Results: No significant difference was observed between the 2 groups in comorbidity of ADHD and other psychiatric disorders (P value > 0/05). In the logistic regression model, and after controlling for other factors, gender (OR = 3.9, CI 95%: 1.5-9.6) and history of sexual abuse (OR = 3.4; CI 95%: 1.06-11.3) were the only 2 factors associated with a history of suicide attempts. Conclusion: No significant association was found between ADHD and suicide attempts in adolescents with bipolar disorder.

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The Use of Cannabis as a Predictor of Early Onset of Bipolar Disorder and Suicide Attempts

Neural Plasticity ◽

10.1155/2015/434127 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Rafaela Torres Portugal Leite ◽

Sarah de Oliveira Nogueira ◽

João Paulo Rodrigues do Nascimento ◽

Laisa Soares de Lima ◽

Taís Bastos da Nóbrega ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Early Onset ◽

Suicide Attempts ◽

Age At Onset ◽

Prognostic Significance ◽

Manic Episode ◽

Cannabis Use ◽

Pubmed Database ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Bipolar Patients

Introduction. Bipolar disorder (BD) implies risk of suicide. The age at onset (AAO) of BD carries prognostic significance. Substance abuse may precede the onset of BD and cannabis is the most common illicit drug used. The main goal of this study is to review the association of cannabis use as a risk factor for early onset of BD and for suicide attempts.Materials and Methods. PubMed database was searched for articles using key words “bipolar disorder,” “suicide attempts,” “cannabis,” “marijuana,” “early age at onset,” and “early onset.”Results. The following percentages in bipolar patients were found: suicide attempts 3.6–42%; suicide attempts and substance use 5–60%; suicide attempts and cannabis use 15–42%. An early AAO was associated with cannabis misuse. The mean age of the first manic episode in individuals with and without BD and cannabis use disorder (CUD) was 19.5 and 25.1 years, respectively. The first depressive episode was at 18.5 and 24.4 years, respectively. Individuals misusing cannabis showed increased risk of suicide.Discussion. Cannabis use is associated with increased risk of suicide attempts and with early AAO. However, the effect of cannabis at the AAO and suicide attempts is not clear.

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EVALUATION OF SIGNAL PROCESSING TECHNIQUES IN DISCRIMINATING ECG SIGNALS OF MEN AND WOMEN DURING REST CONDITION AND EMOTIONAL STATES

Biomedical Engineering Applications Basis and Communications ◽

10.4015/s101623721850028x ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 30 (04) ◽

pp. 1850028 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ateke Goshvarpour ◽

Atefeh Goshvarpour ◽

Ataollah Abbasi

Keyword(s):

Gender Differences ◽

Signal Processing ◽

Emotional States ◽

Men And Women ◽

Wide Range ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Rest Condition ◽

Processing Techniques ◽

The Impact ◽

Signal Processing Techniques

Great range of electrocardiogram (ECG) signal processing methods can be found in the literature. In addition, the importance of gender differences in physiological activities was also identified in various conditions. This article aims to provide a comprehensive evaluation of linear and nonlinear ECG parameters to indicate suitable signal processing approaches which can show significant differences between men and women. These differences were investigated in two conditions: (i) during rest condition, and (ii) during the affective image inducements. A wide range of parameters from time-, frequency-, wavelet-, and nonlinear-techniques were examined. Applying the Wilcoxon rank sum test, significant differences between two genders were inspected. The analysis was performed on 47 college students at rest condition and while subjects watching four types of affective pictures, including sadness, happiness, fear, and peacefulness. The impact of these emotions on the results was also investigated. The results indicated that 72.95% and 72.61% of all features were significantly different between male and female in rest condition and affective inducements, respectively. In addition, the highest percentage of the significant difference between ECG parameters of men and women was achieved using nonlinear characteristics. Considering all features together, the highest significant difference between two genders was achieved for negative emotions, including sadness and fear. In conclusion, the results of this study emphasized the importance of gender role in cardiac responses during rest condition and different emotional states. Since these gender differences are well manifested by nonlinear signal processing techniques, dynamical gender-specific ECG system may improve the automatic emotion recognition accuracies.

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