The distribution of cyanobacteria across physical and chemical gradients in hot springs in northern Thailand

Scaling in a geothermal piping system can cause serious problems by reducing flow rates and energy efficiency. In this work, scaling potential of San Kamphaeng (SK) geothermal energy, Northern Thailand was assessed based on geochemical model simulation using physical and chemical properties of hot spring water. Water samples from surface seepage and groundwater wells, analyzed by ICP-OES and ion chromatograph methods for chemical constituents, were dominated by Ca-HCO3 facies having partial pressure of carbon dioxide of 10–2.67 to 10–1.75 atm which is higher than ambient atmospheric CO2 content. Surface seepage samples have lower temperature (60.9°C) than deep groundwater (83.1°C) and reservoir (127.1°C, based on silica geothermometry). Geochemical characteristics of the hot spring water indicated significant difference in chemical properties between surface seepage and deep, hot groundwater as a result of mineral precipitation along the flow paths and inside well casing. Scales were mainly composed of carbonates, silica, Fe-Mn oxides. Geochemical simulations based on multiple chemical reaction equilibria in PHREEQC were performed to confirm scale formation from cooling and CO2-degassing processes. Simulation results showed total cumulative scaling potential (maximum possible precipitation) from 267-m deep well was estimated as 582.2 mg/L, but only 50.4% of scaling potential actually took place at SK hot springs. In addition, maximum possible carbon dioxide outflux to atmosphere from degassing process in SK geothermal field, estimated from the degassing process, was 6,960 ton/year indicating a continuous source of greenhouse gas that may contribute to climate change. Keywords: Degassing, Geochemical modeling, PHREEQC, San Kamphaeng Hot Springs, Scaling

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Geochemistry, Comparative Analysis, and Physical and Chemical Characteristics of the Thermal Waters East of Hot Springs National Park, Arkansas, 2006-09

Scientific Investigations Report ◽

10.3133/sir20095263 ◽

2009 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Timothy M. Kresse ◽

Phillip D. Hays

Keyword(s):

Comparative Analysis ◽

National Park ◽

Hot Springs ◽

Thermal Waters ◽

Chemical Characteristics ◽

Physical And Chemical Characteristics ◽

Physical And Chemical

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The effects of temperature, pH and sulphide on the community structure of hyperthermophilic streamers in hot springs of northern Thailand

FEMS Microbiology Ecology ◽

10.1111/j.1574-6941.2007.00302.x ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 60 (3) ◽

pp. 456-466 ◽

Cited By ~ 65

Author(s):

Diane Purcell ◽

Udomluk Sompong ◽

Lau Chui Yim ◽

Timothy G. Barraclough ◽

Yuwadee Peerapornpisal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Community Structure ◽

Hot Springs ◽

Northern Thailand ◽

Effects Of Temperature

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Responses of microorganisms to physical and chemical gradients

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences ◽

10.1098/rstb.1982.0057 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 297 (1088) ◽

pp. 497-515 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Keyword(s):

Numerical Models ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Model Systems ◽

Natural Ecosystems ◽

Bacterial Colony ◽

Chemical Gradients ◽

Constant Dimension ◽

Heterogeneous Structures ◽

Agar Layer ◽

Physical And Chemical

Most microbial ecosystems are spatially organized heterogeneous structures where microbes proliferate in gradients of biologically active solute molecules as well as in physical gradients of temperature, pressure, light, ionic strength, redox potential, pH and so on. Some of these ecosystems are discussed in this paper; however, the importance of investigating them in the laboratory is stressed. My group has developed a number of model systems. Seven of these are discussed and include four experimental, two numerical and one conceptual models. These are briefly described. (1) The gradostat consists of a number of bidirectionally linked fermenter vessels fed with solutes from each end of the array. Steady-state solute counter-gradients are established. A number of results in which different microbes are grown in different gradient systems are described. (2) The gel-stabilized system: organisms are grown in a solute gradient diffusing from a source agar layer beneath a semisolid layer containing agar and cells. (3) A constant dimension thin film fermenter. (4) The bacterial colony. (5, 6) The two numerical models, devised to simulate growth in the gradostat and in gel-stabilized systems respectively. (7) A conceptual model in which cells are regarded as compartments surrounded by activity domains; the importance of vectorial solute transfer in natural ecosystems is stressed.

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Distribution and isolation of microalgae for lipid production in selected freshwater reservoirs of northern Thailand

Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity ◽

10.13057/biodiv/d190147 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 343-350

Author(s):

TIPPAWAN PRASERTSIN ◽

YUWADEE PEERAPORNPISAL

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Lipid Content ◽

Trophic Status ◽

Lipid Production ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Botryococcus Braunii ◽

Chemical Parameters ◽

Northern Thailand ◽

Surrounding Areas ◽

Physical And Chemical

Prasertsin T, Peerapornpisal Y. 2018. Distribution and isolation of microalgae for lipid production in selected freshwater reservoirs of northern Thailand. Biodiversitas 19: 343-350. Nong Bau Reservoir and Chiang Saen Lake are considered important freshwater reservoirs of Chiang Rai Province located in northern Thailand. The surrounding areas of these water bodies are host to a range of human activities that influence water quality. Moreover, to date, there are have not been any studies on the water quality and the distribution of microalgae in these places. The physical and chemical parameters of the water quality and microalgae were carried out in Nong Bua Reservoir and Chiang Saen Lake during the months of May, July, and October of 2015. Microalgae were isolated in order to investigate the lipid-producing abilities. Samples collected from Nong Bua Reservoir have revealed the presence of seven divisions, 90 species of algae. Six divisions, 55 species of algae were found in Chiang Saen Lake. The trophic status of the water was evaluated from the main parameters (AARL-PC Score), and it was determined that Nong Bua Reservoir was of meso-eutrophic status and Chiang Saen Lake was of mesotrophic status. Microalgae were isolated from Nong Bua Reservoir and Chiang Saen Lake for the purposes of studying lipid content; 25 and 6 isolations were identified, respectively. The lipid content was highest in Botryococcus braunii (39.25 Â± 0.32% dry weight) followed by Ankistrodesmus sp. (26.80 Â± 0.44% dry weight) and Coelastrum microsporum (24.95 Â± 0.55% dry weight). The lowest lipid content was found in Planktolyngbya sp. (7.25 Â± 0.43% dry weight). The indigenous strains of microalgae of Nong Bau Reservoir and Chiang Saen Lakeâ€™s can be considered quite promising as model strains in terms of the production of biofuel within the country.

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Chemotaxis and topotaxis add vectorially for amoeboid cell migration

10.1101/735779 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Joeri A. J. Wondergem ◽

Maria Mytiliniou ◽

Falko C. H. de Wit ◽

Thom G. A. Reuvers ◽

David Holcman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Migration ◽

Chemical Cues ◽

Effective Diffusion ◽

Diffusion Constant ◽

Emergent Property ◽

Coarse Grained ◽

Chemical Gradients ◽

Amoeboid Cell ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

Chemotactic Gradient

AbstractCells encounter a wide variety of physical and chemical cues when navigating their native environments. However, their response to multiple simultaneous cues is not yet clear. In particular, the influence of topography, in the presence of a chemotactic gradient, on their migratory behavior is understudied. Here, we investigate the effects of topographical guidance on highly motile amoeboid cell migration (topotaxis) generated by asymmetrically placed micropillars. The micropillar field allows for an additional, natural chemotactic gradient in two different directions, thereby revealing the relevance of topotaxis in the presence of cell migration directed by chemical gradients (chemotaxis). Interestingly, we found that the topotactic drift generated by the pillar field is conserved during chemotaxis. We show that the drifts generated by both these cues add up linearly. A coarse-grained analysis as a function of pillar spacing subsequently revealed that the strength and direction of the topotactic drift is determined by (i) the pore size, (ii) space between pores, and (iii) the effective diffusion constant of the cells. Finally, we argue that topotaxis must be conserved during chemotaxis, as it is an emergent property of both the asymmetric properties of the pillar field and the inherent stochasticity of (biased) amoeboid migration.

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Diatom diversity in some hot springs of northern Thailand

Botanica ◽

10.2478/botlit-2018-0007 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 69-86 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Chayakorn Pumas ◽

Supattira Pruetiworanan ◽

Yuwadee Peerapornpisal

Keyword(s):

Relative Abundance ◽

Hot Springs ◽

Hot Spring ◽

Total Hardness ◽

Diatom Species ◽

Northern Thailand ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

As Species ◽

Conductivity Water ◽

Significant Factors

AbstractDiversity of hot spring diatoms in northern Thailand was studied. Forty-six diatom species were identified in eight localities. The dominant species according to high relative abundance were Diatomella balfouriana (41.7%), Achnanthidium exiguum (20.9%) and Anomoeoneis sphaerophora (11.2%). Moreover, Caloneis molaris, Craticula acidoclinata, Navicula subrhynchocephala and Pinnularia saprophila were recorded as species new to Thailand. The NMDS ordination revealed variation in species composition of eight different hot springs and correlation with the existing environmental variables. Silicon dioxide (SiO2), pH, conductivity, water temperature and total hardness were statistically significant factors affecting relative abundance of Achnanthidium exiguum, Amphora montana, Caloneis aequatorialis, Cocconeis placentula, Craticula cuspidata, Diploneis elliptica, Gomphonema affine, Gomphonema augur, Halamphora fontinalis, Planothidium lanceolatum, Pinnularia abaujensis, Sellaphora lanceolata and Stauroneis anceps.

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