Effects of low-carbon high-reactivity fuels on combustion and emission characteristics in a part-load condition of a DICI engine

Nerium methyl ester, an esterified biofuel, has an excellent cetane number and a reasonable calorific value. It closely resembles the behaviour of diesel. However, being a fuel of different origin, the standard design limits of a diesel engine is not suitable for Nerium methyl ester (NME). Therefore, in this work, a set of design and operational parameters are studied to find out the optimum performance of Nerium methyl ester run diesel engine. This work targets at finding the effects of the engine design parameter viz. fuel injection pressure (IP) on the performance with regard to specific fuel consumption (SFC), brake thermal efficiency (BTHE) and emissions of CO, CO2, HC, NOxwith N20 as fuel. Comparison of performance and emission was done for different values of injection pressure to find best possible condition for operating engine with NME. For small sized direct injection constant speed engines used for agricultural applications, the optimum injection pressure was found as 240bar.Methyl esters from Nerium, with properties close to diesel; show better performance and emission characteristics. Hence Nerium (N20) blend can be used in existing diesel engines without compromising the engine performance. Diesel (25%) thus saved will greatly help the interests of railways in meeting the demand for fuel,as diesel trains are operated at maximum load condition.

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Combustion process and PM emission characteristics in a stratified DISI engine under low load condition

Internal Combustion Engines: Performance, Fuel Economy and Emissions ◽

10.1533/9781782421849.5.179 ◽

2013 ◽

pp. 179-192

Author(s):

H. Oh ◽

J. Jung ◽

C. Bae ◽

B. Johansson

Keyword(s):

Combustion Process ◽

Load Condition ◽

Emission Characteristics ◽

Low Load

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Emission characteristics of vehicles fueled by hydrogen-enriched syngas under no-load condition

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy ◽

10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.02.007 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 45 (6) ◽

pp. 3840-3845 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Fanbin Meng ◽

Hongde Wang ◽

Qingbang Ma ◽

Donghai Wang ◽

Jianfeng Lin

Keyword(s):

Load Condition ◽

Emission Characteristics

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Multi-Cycle Simulation of the Mixture Formation Process of an High Performance Engine at Part Load Condition

ASME 2012 Internal Combustion Engine Division Spring Technical Conference ◽

10.1115/ices2012-81218 ◽

2012 ◽

Author(s):

Claudio Forte ◽

Gian Marco Bianchi ◽

Enrico Corti ◽

Stefano Fantoni

Keyword(s):

High Performance ◽

Load Condition ◽

Experimental Tests ◽

Fuel Mixture ◽

Critical Issue ◽

Transient Condition ◽

Mixture Formation ◽

Part Load ◽

Cycle Simulation ◽

Load Conditions

Transient operation of engines leads to air fuel (A/F) ratio excursions, which can increase engine emissions. These excursions have been attributed to the formation of fuel films in the intake port, which are caused by a portion of the intake fuel impinging and adhering on the relatively cool port surface. These films act as a source or sink which cause the AF variations depending upon the transient condition. Gaining a fundamental understanding of the nature and quantity of such films may assist in future fuel mixture preparation designs that could aid in emission reductions, yet would not require overly expensive nor complicated systems. The control of air to fuel ratio is a critical issue for high performance engines: due to the low stroke-to-bore ratio the maximum power is reached at very high regimes, letting little time to the fuel to evaporate and mix with air. The injector located upstream the throttle causes a lot of fuel to impinge the throttle and intake duct walls, slowing the dynamics of mixture formation in part load conditions. The aim of this work is to present a CFD methodology for the evaluation of mixture formation dynamics applied to a Ducati high performance engine under part load conditions. The phenomena involved in the process are highly heterogeneous, and particular care must be taken to the choice of CFD models and their validation. In the present work all the main models involved in the simulations are validated against experimental tests available in the literature, selected based on the similarity of physical conditions of those of the engine configuration under analysis. The multi-cycle simulation methodology here presented reveals to be a useful tool for the evaluation of the mixture dynamics and for the evaluation of injection wall film compensator models.

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Household carbon emission characteristics and adaptive strategies for low carbon community planning

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/201913604058 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 136 ◽

pp. 04058

Author(s):

Longbin Zhu ◽

Ying Huang ◽

Wenyu Chen

Keyword(s):

Urban Communities ◽

Carbon Emission ◽

Community Planning ◽

Adaptive Strategies ◽

Impact Factors ◽

Emission Characteristics ◽

Low Carbon ◽

Household Energy ◽

The Relationship

Urban communities are important sector for energy saving and emission reduction. Characterization of household carbon emission is critical to the planning of low-carbon communities. Taking data from five communities in Nanjing, China as the empirical research object, this study explores the relationship between household consumer activities and direct carbon emission of household energy consumption based on the Consumer Lifestyle Approach. Using regression analysis, we identify the characteristics of the emission and the four most significant impact factors. Adaptive low carbon strategies are further suggested as how to influence consumer activities by planning of urban communities.

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Experimental evidence of inter-blade cavitation vortex development in Francis turbines at deep part load condition

Experiments in Fluids ◽

10.1007/s00348-017-2421-z ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 58 (10) ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

K. Yamamoto ◽

A. Müller ◽

A. Favrel ◽

F. Avellan

Keyword(s):

Experimental Evidence ◽

Load Condition ◽

Deep Part ◽

Part Load

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Experimental Characterization of a Pump–Turbine in Pump Mode at Hump Instability Region

Journal of Fluids Engineering ◽

10.1115/1.4029572 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 137 (5) ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

J. Yang ◽

G. Pavesi ◽

S. Yuan ◽

G. Cavazzini ◽

G. Ardizzon

Keyword(s):

High Speed ◽

Dynamic Pressure ◽

Load Condition ◽

Rotating Stall ◽

Pump Mode ◽

Pump Turbine ◽

Part Load ◽

Time Frequency ◽

Speed Flow ◽

Dynamic Pressure Measurements

The unsteady phenomena of a low specific speed pump–turbine operating in pump mode were characterized by dynamic pressure measurements and high-speed flow visualization of injected air bubbles. Analyses were carried out on the pressure signals both in frequency and time–frequency domains and by bispectral protocol. The results obtained by high-speed camera were used to reveal the flow pattern in the diffuser and return vanes channels The unsteady structure identified in the return vane channel appeared both at full and part load condition. Furthermore, a rotating stall structure was found and characterized in the diffuser when the pump operated at part load. The characteristics of these two unsteady structures are described in the paper.

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