Implication of genetic variants in overweight and obesity susceptibility among the young Arab population of the United Arab Emirates

Introduction: The effect of various types of dietary fat on cardiometabolic health continues to be debated, due in part to the high heterogeneity of results following clinical trials investigating the effects of saturated (SFA) and unsaturated fat intake. This variability may be due to genetic differences. Individuals with obesity are at an increased risk for adverse cardiometabolic health and dyslipidemia, and often present with the combined phenotype of elevated triglyceride (TG) and decreased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol concentrations. Studying genetic variants relevant to lipid and lipoprotein metabolism can elucidate the mechanisms by which diet might interact with genotype to influence these phenotypes. The objective of this study was to determine relationships of genetic variation, dietary fat intake, and blood lipid concentrations in adults with overweight and obesity. Methods: Genomic DNA, blood lipid concentrations (HDL and TG), and 7-day diet records were obtained from 101 adults (25–45 years of age) with overweight or obesity. Resting energy expenditure (REE) was measured using indirect calorimetry and used to determine implausible intakes using a modified Goldberg method (kilocalories/REE). Genetic variants included 23 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 15 genes in lipid metabolism pathways. Variants were analyzed with dietary fat intake (total fat, SFA, monounsaturated fat [MUFA], and polyunsaturated fat [PUFA]) via regression analyses. All models were adjusted for age, sex, ancestry, visceral adipose tissue mass, and total kilocalorie intake. The Bonferroni correction was applied for multiple comparisons. Results: Two interactions were detected for TG concentrations. Five gene-diet interactions were associated with HDL concentrations. There was a significant interaction detected between the rs5882 variant of cholesterol-esterase transfer protein (CETP) and MUFA intake to associate with TG concentrations (interaction p = 0.004, R2 = 0.306). Among carriers of the CETP-rs5882 major allele (G), TG concentrations were significantly lower in individuals consuming more than the median MUFA intake (31 g/day) than in those with an intake below the median. Total dietary fat intake interacted with the rs13702 polymorphism of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) to associate with HDL concentrations (interaction p = 0.041, R2 = 0.419), by which individuals with the risk allele (G) had significantly higher HDL concentrations when consuming a higher-fat diet (>92 g/day) than those with a lower-fat diet (56 ± 3 vs. 46 ± 2 mg/dL, p = 0.033). Conclusions: Interactions between dietary intake and genes in lipid metabolism pathways were found to be associated with blood lipid concentrations in adults with overweight and obesity. Fatty acid intake may not modulate blood lipid concentrations uniformly across all individuals. Additional research is needed to determine the biological causes of individual variability in response to dietary intake. Understanding the influence of nutrigenetic interactions on dyslipidemia can aid in the development and implementation of personalized dietary strategies to improve health.

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The Epidemiology and Economic Burden of Obesity and Related Cardiometabolic Disorders in the United Arab Emirates: A Systematic Review and Qualitative Synthesis

Journal of Obesity ◽

10.1155/2018/2185942 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-23 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Hadia Radwan ◽

Rami A. Ballout ◽

Hayder Hasan ◽

Nader Lessan ◽

Mirey Karavetian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

United Arab Emirates ◽

Middle Eastern ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Noncommunicable Diseases ◽

Qualitative Synthesis ◽

Cardiometabolic Disorders ◽

The Cost

Background. Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are considered as a global health problem and considered as a public health priority with the more considerable increasing trend of obesity and cardiometabolic disorders rates in the Middle Eastern countries. This systematic review aims at assessing the prevalence, incidence rates, and trends, as well as the cost of obesity and related cardiometabolic disorders in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Methods. A highly sensitive strategy was used to retrieve original observational studies, addressing the epidemiology and cost of obesity and related cardiometabolic disorders in the UAE, irrespective of nationality (nationals and expatriates). The search was conducted on April 4, 2017, within numerous electronic databases and the grey literature. Standardized and validated methods were used for data extraction and analysis as well as quality assessment. Results. 6789 records were retrieved, of which 36 were deemed eligible. High prevalence rates were reported for obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and metabolic syndrome in all studies. However, the definitions and methods employed by the studies were highly variable. The risk of bias in the epidemiological studies ranged between low and medium. Only one study reported the cost of illness for diabetes. In this study, the estimated cost per patient was $2,015 (adjusted to the year 2015), and it became twofold and sixfold higher in patients with microvascular and macrovascular complications, respectively. Conclusions. Obesity and related cardiometabolic disorders are highly prevalent in the UAE, but quoting a precise prevalence for them is difficult given the methodological heterogeneity of the epidemiological studies addressing them. Nonetheless, we detected a 2-3-fold increase in the prevalence of overweight and obesity in the UAE between 1989 and 2017. It is hopeful that this systematic review will provide an insight into direct future studies, especially longitudinal studies exploring obesity and cardiometabolic risks and their costs.

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Uncoupling protein 2 gene polymorphisms in association with overweight and obesity susceptibility: A meta-analysis

Meta Gene ◽

10.1016/j.mgene.2013.10.009 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2 ◽

pp. 143-159 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Meng Zhang ◽

Meng Wang ◽

Zhong-Tang Zhao

Keyword(s):

Gene Polymorphisms ◽

Uncoupling Protein ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Uncoupling Protein 2 ◽

Obesity Susceptibility

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Obesity Susceptibility Genetic Variants Identified from Recent Genome-Wide Association Studies: Implications in a Chinese Population

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/jc.2009-1465 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 95 (3) ◽

pp. 1395-1403 ◽

Cited By ~ 62

Author(s):

Chloe Y. Y. Cheung ◽

Annette W. K. Tso ◽

Bernard M. Y. Cheung ◽

Aimin Xu ◽

K. L. Ong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variants ◽

Chinese Population ◽

Association Studies ◽

Genome Wide Association ◽

Genome Wide Association Studies ◽

Genome Wide ◽

Obesity Susceptibility

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Psychometric Properties of the Child Behavior Checklist/2-3 in an Arab Population

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.100.3.771-776 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 100 (3) ◽

pp. 771-776 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Feisal Yunis ◽

Taoufik Zoubeidi ◽

Valsamma Eapen ◽

Saeed Yousef

Keyword(s):

Psychometric Properties ◽

Epidemiological Study ◽

Child Behavior ◽

United Arab Emirates ◽

Child Behavior Checklist ◽

Community Based ◽

Arab Population ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Arabic Translation ◽

Test Retest Reliability

Child Behavior Checklist 2–3 is a parents' report questionnaire whose psychometric properties are known in the Western setting, but no studies have investigated this in an Arabic culture. In this study, the psychometric properties of the Arabic translation were studied using a sample of 694 children age 3 yr., ascertained as part of a community-based epidemiological study in the United Arab Emirates. The item-total correlations for items were satisfactory, ranging from .16 to .58. Cronbach alpha values for reliability ranged from .70 to .88 for the subscales and .93 for the Total score. The test-retest reliability coefficient for the Total score was .83. The validity was also high as 94.1% of those who scored above the cut-off point were classified correctly by a blind clinical interview. The results suggest that Child Behavior Checklist 2–3 is a reliable and valid checklist for use in the Arabic culture.

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Association of Neck Circumference with Obesity in Female College Students

Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3889/oamjms.2015.118 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 578-581 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Dimitrios Papandreou ◽

Zujaja Tul Noor ◽

Maitha Rashed ◽

Hadeel Al Jaberi

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

United Arab Emirates ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Female Students ◽

Neck Circumference ◽

Female College Students ◽

Total Body Fat ◽

College Population ◽

Total Body

BACKGROUND: Obesity levels have been dramatically increased in the United Arab Emirates over the last few years. High levels of body Mass Index, waist circumference, and percent of total body fat as a measure of obesity have found to be related to cardiovascular risk factors and other diseases. Neck circumference is a new tool that has been linked to obesity. However, no studies in UAE have been conducted yet.AIM: The purpose of this study was to measure the obesity levels in a college population and to correlate them with NC and other anthropometrical indexes.METHODS AND SUBJECTS: Two hundred forty three (243) female students aged 18-25 were conveniently selected to participate in the study. Anthropometrical indexes were obtained from all subjects e after fasting.RESULTS: The prevalence of overweight and obesity together was found to be 28.4 % (n = 69). Pearson correlation showed that WC, NC and BF (%) were significantly positively related to obesity, (r = 0.790; r = 0.758; r = 0.767, p < 0.001), respectively. In multiple regression analysis, only NC (Beta: 1.627, 95 %CI: 0.370, 2.846, p < 0.001) and WC (Beta: 0.464, 95 %CI: 0.135, 0.664, p < 0.001) were found to be independently associated with obesity.CONCLUSION: NC was found to be independently associated with obesity levels in Emirati college students.

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