Sub-acute toxicity study of methanol extract of Tetrorchidium didymostemon leaves using biochemical analyses and gene expression in Wistar rats

ABSTRACTObjective: This study investigated the antihyperlipidemic and hepatoprotective effects of the hexane-ethanol fraction of methanol extract ofMacaranga tanarius (HEM) in rats.Methods: The hexane-ethanol fraction was screened for toxicity by oral acute toxicity study. The antihyperlipidemic effect of the hexane-ethanolfraction and the unsolved of the hexane-ethanol fraction is measured against Wistar rats induced by glucose-fructose diets for 42 days throughmeasuring serum cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), and fastingblood glucose. The hepatoprotective effect of the hexane-ethanol fraction is determined against Wistar rats with liver damage induced by carbontetrachloride through measuring serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), alkalinephosphatase (ALP), albumin, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and total bilirubin.Results: There is no toxic effect that was observed on acute toxicity study. The TG, LDL-c, and fasting blood glucose levels were significantly (p<0.05)reduced after both of treatment the hexane-ethanol fraction and the unsolved HEM. Administration of the hexane-ethanol fraction 68.6 mg/kgBWsignificantly (p<0.05) prevented elevation of SGPT, SGOT, LDH, ALP, and decreasing of albumin level.Conclusion: The study showed antihyperlipidemic and hepatoprotective activities of the HEM in animal models.Keywords: Macaranga tanarius, Antihyperlipidemic, Hepatoprotective.

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In-vitro scavenging activity and acute toxicity study of methanol leaves extract and fractions of Lophira lanceolata Tiegh. Ex Keay (Ochnaceae) in rats.

International Journal of Phytomedicine ◽

10.5138/09750185.1855 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 411 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jean-Baptiste N. Oussou ◽

Isaac J. Asiedu-Gyekye ◽

Adou F. Yapo ◽

Benoit Banga N'guessan ◽

Patrick Amoateng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acute Toxicity ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽

Toxicity Study ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Acute Toxicity Study ◽

Lophira Lanceolata

The present study aims at comparing in-vitro scavenging activities of methanol extract and fractions of Lophira lanceolata leaves, and also to study the oral acute toxicity of the ethyl acetate fraction.Petroleum ether, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, butanol and water fractions were prepared from the methanol extract of the plant. The scavenging activity of DPPH (2, 2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), the total phenolic (TPC) and total flavonoid (TFC) contents of the extract and fractions were determined by spectrophotometrical methods using gallic acid (GA) and quercetin (Qu) as reference antioxidant. The fifty percent inhibitory concentration (IC50), fifty percent effective concentration (EC50) and the antiradical power (ARP) were determined for all extract and fractions. An acute toxicity study using a single oral dose of 5000 mg/kg of the ethyl acetate fraction of the plant was conducted in female Albino rats following the OECD (420) Guidelines. Blood samples were collected for hematological and biochemical analysis. Histopathological examinations of the heart, kidney and liver were performed.The results showed that the ethyl acetate fraction of L. lanceolata had the highest free radical scavenging activity of DPPH (IC50=1,43; EC50= 0.07 and ARP = 14,28) and also contain the highest amount of total phenols (14,4±0,02 mg of GA equivalent/g of plant fraction) and total flavonoids (93,3±0,04 mg of Qu equivalent/g of plant fraction) as compared to other fractions and ascorbic acid (IC50=5,82; EC50= 3.44; ARP=3,44). The hematological parameters and the lipid profile didn’t show any major change compared to the control group. However, a significant increase of aspartate aminotransferase (AST, p<0.001) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT, p<0.001) showed that the ethyl acetate fraction of the methanol extract of L. lanceolata leaves might not totally be safe for consumption, in the conditions of our experiment.

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Phytochemical and acute toxicity study of aqueous extract of Bambusa vulgaris leaves on Wistar rats

African Journal of Biological Sciences ◽

10.33472/afjbs.2.4.2020.107-114 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 02 (04) ◽

pp. 107

Author(s):

Appy Simone Abe ◽

Kouao Augustin Amonkan ◽

Kacou Marius Jules Djetouan ◽

Kesse Philippe N’Da

Keyword(s):

Acute Toxicity ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Toxicity Study ◽

Acute Toxicity Study ◽

Bambusa Vulgaris

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Inhibitory Activity of Boesenbergia rotunda (L.) Mansf. Rhizome towards the Expression of Akt and NF-KappaB p65 in Acetic Acid-Induced Wistar Rats

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2020/6940313 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-13

Author(s):

Aziiz Mardanarian Rosdianto ◽

Irma Melyani Puspitasari ◽

Ronny Lesmana ◽

Jutti Levita

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Acute Toxicity ◽

Normal Control ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Toxicity Study ◽

Mechanism Study ◽

Acute Toxicity Study ◽

Inflammatory Mechanism ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Nf Kappab

Ethnopharmacological Relevance. Boesenbergia rotunda has been traditionally used to reduce stomach discomfort in Indonesia. The objective of the present study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory mechanism and acute toxicity of the ethanol extract of B. rotunda rhizome (BREE) in Wistar rats. Materials and Methods. Forty-eight male Wistar rats were divided into anti-inflammatory mechanism study (n = 18) and acute toxicity study (n = 30). The anti-inflammatory mechanism study employed six groups (n = 3), e.g., the normal control, negative control, positive control (quercetin 20 mg/kg BW), and three doses of BREE (250 mg/kg BW; 500 mg/kg BW; 1000 mg/kg BW). All groups (except the normal control) were inflammatory-induced i.p. using 0.1 mL of 1% of acetic acid. The expression of Akt and NF-kappaB p65 in the stomach and intestine of the rats was examined using Western blot analysis. The acute toxicity study (21 days) was conducted by following the Regulation of Indonesia National Agency of Drug and Food Control No. 7/2014 about In Vivo Nonclinical Toxicity Study using 5 doses of BREE (250 mg/kg BW; 500 mg/kg BW; 1000 mg/kg BW; 2000 mg/kg BW; 4000 mg/kg BW). Results. BREE reduces the infiltration of inflammatory cells in both the stomach and the intestine of acetic acid-induced rats. BREE also alters the expression of Akt and NF-kappaB p65 in the rat’s stomach and intestine (p=0.005). The acute toxicity study reveals no lethal effects and behavioral signs of toxicity at all tested doses, which indicates that the LD50 is greater than 4000 mg/kg BW. Conclusion. Taken together, BREE could inhibit the expression of Akt and NF-kappaB p65 in the stomach and intestine of acetic acid-induced Wistar rats. This plant could be further explored for its potential as plant-based antistomach ulceration.

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Acute toxicity study of seeds of Achyranthes aspera, bark of Berberis aristata and roots of Coleus forskohlii in Wistar rats

International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology ◽

10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20203630 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. 1424

Author(s):

J. Ravi Kumar ◽

V. Prasanna ◽

Chakradhar . ◽

K. C. Haritha

Keyword(s):

Acute Toxicity ◽

Cell Biology ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽

Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽

Toxicity Study ◽

Achyranthes Aspera ◽

Acute Toxicity Study ◽

The Family

Background: Achyranthes aspera is a species of plant in the family Amaranthaceae. Berberis aristata is a shrub belonging to the family Berberidaceae and the genus Berberis. Plectranthus barbatus is a tropical perennial plant related to the typical coleus species. It produces forskolin, an extract useful for pharmaceutical preparations and research in cell biology. It is belonging to Lamiaceae. The present study has been undertaken to study the toxic effects of hydro alcoholic extracts of A. aspera, B. aristata, C. forskohlii in albino Wistar rats and to establish the hazardous safety category of hydro alcoholic extracts of these plants as per organization for economic cooperation and development (OECD-423) guidelines and GHS classification system respectively.Methods: In acute toxicity study, the hydro-alcoholic extracts of all the above three plants were given orally at the dose of 2000 mg/kg b. w. to three rats in each group respectively in step I. Then, all the animals were observed for initial 4 hours and followed by fourteen days for their clinical signs and mortality in step II.Results: In step I, all the animals were normal and there was no mortality after 48 hours. In step II with the same dose, all the animals showed no adverse effects and no mortality when followed up to 14 days observation period.Conclusions: The result indicates that the hydro alcoholic extracts of A. aspera, B. aristata, C. forskohlii plants can be utilized safely for therapeutic use in pharmaceutical formulations and it falls under category ‘5’ or ‘unclassified’ of GHS system.

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