Landslide mitigation strategies in southeast Bangladesh: Lessons learned from the institutional responses

Federal and state enforcement authorities have increasingly intervened on the criminal overprescribing of opioids. However, little is known about the health effects these enforcement actions have on patients experiencing disrupted access to prescription opioids or medication-assisted treatment/medication for opioid use disorder. Simultaneously, opioid death rates have increased. In response, the Maryland Department of Health (MDH) has worked to coordinate mitigation strategies with enforcement partners (defined as any federal, state, or local enforcement authority or other governmental investigative authority). One strategy is a standardized protocol to implement emergency response functions, including rapidly identifying health hazards with real-time data access, deploying resources locally, and providing credible messages to partners and the public. From January 2018 through October 2019, MDH used the protocol in response to 12 enforcement actions targeting 34 medical professionals. A total of 9624 patients received Schedule II-V controlled substance prescriptions from affected prescribers under investigation in the 6 months before the respective enforcement action; 9270 (96%) patients were residents of Maryland. Preliminary data indicate fatal overdose events and potential loss of follow-up care among the patient population experiencing disrupted health care as a result of an enforcement action. The success of the strategy hinged on endorsement by leadership; the establishment of federal, state, and local roles and responsibilities; and data sharing. MDH’s approach, data sources, and lessons learned may support health departments across the country that are interested in conducting similar activities on the front lines of the opioid crisis.

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POTENTIAL MITIGATION STRATEGIES FOR PREVENTING STRESS CORROSION CRACKING FAILURES IN HIGH-BURNUP CANDU FUEL

CNL Nuclear Review ◽

10.12943/cnr.2016.00011 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 127-146 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Markus Piro ◽

Dion Sunderland ◽

Winston Revie ◽

Steve Livingstone ◽

Ike Dimayuga ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stress Corrosion ◽

Stress Corrosion Cracking ◽

Corrosion Cracking ◽

Lessons Learned ◽

Mitigation Strategies ◽

Nuclear Materials ◽

Characterization Methods ◽

Candu Reactors ◽

High Degree ◽

Fuel Doping

Potential mitigation strategies for preventing stress corrosion cracking (SCC) failures in CANDU fuel cladding that are based on lessons learned on both domestic and international fronts are discussed in this paper. Although SCC failures have not been a major concern in CANDU reactors in recent decades, they may resurface at higher burnup for conventional fuels or with nonconventional fuels that are currently being investigated, such as MOX or thoria-based fuels. The motivation of this work is to provide the foundation for considering possible remedies for SCC failures. Three candidate remedies are discussed, namely improved fabrication methods for fuel appendages, barrier-liner cladding, and fuel doping. In support of this effort, recent advances in experimental characterization methods are described—methods that have been successfully used in non-nuclear materials that can be used to further elucidate SCC behaviour in CANDU fuel. The overall objective is to outline a path forward for characterizing material behaviour as an essential part of investigating remedies to SCC failure. This will allow increased fuel discharge burnup, maximum linear power, and plant manoeuvrability, while maintaining a high degree of reliability.

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Lessons learned from China’s mitigation strategies in fighting COVID-19

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202129203088 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 292 ◽

pp. 03088

Author(s):

Sijiang Liu ◽

Mingyuan Wan

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Risk Mitigation ◽

Arctic Region ◽

Lessons Learned ◽

Mitigation Strategies ◽

World Health ◽

Mitigation Measures ◽

The Arctic ◽

Health Complications ◽

Health Organization

In late 2019, the first SARS-CoV-2 case was reported in Wuhan, China. It has been known as a deadly virus that could cause many severe health complications, particularly respiratory illnesses. With its extraordinary ability to transmit between humans, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread worldwide, including Antarctica and the Arctic region. On 11th March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the COVID-19 as a public health emergency worldwide (global pandemic) to raise global awareness of the dangerous virus. With immediate and efficient public health interventions, progress has been seen in many countries such as China and New Zealand. Therefore, in this review, we summarized the important public health risk mitigation measures applied in China.

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Lessons learned from urgent computing in Europe: Tackling the COVID-19 pandemic

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ◽

10.1073/pnas.2024891118 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 118 (46) ◽

pp. e2024891118

Author(s):

Núria López ◽

Luigi Del Debbio ◽

Marc Baaden ◽

Matej Praprotnik ◽

Laura Grigori ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crisis Management ◽

Computer Simulations ◽

Lessons Learned ◽

Mitigation Strategies ◽

For Profit ◽

Not For Profit ◽

Societal Challenges ◽

The World ◽

Advanced Computing ◽

Urgent Computing

PRACE (Partnership for Advanced Computing in Europe), an international not-for-profit association that brings together the five largest European supercomputing centers and involves 26 European countries, has allocated more than half a billion core hours to computer simulations to fight the COVID-19 pandemic. Alongside experiments, these simulations are a pillar of research to assess the risks of different scenarios and investigate mitigation strategies. While the world deals with the subsequent waves of the pandemic, we present a reflection on the use of urgent supercomputing for global societal challenges and crisis management.

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Community engagement and building trust to resolve ethical challenges during humanitarian crises: experience from the CAGED study

Conflict and Health ◽

10.1186/s13031-020-00313-w ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Getnet Yimer ◽

Wondwossen Gebreyes ◽

Arie Havelaar ◽

Jemal Yousuf ◽

Sarah McKune ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Smallholder Farmers ◽

Lessons Learned ◽

Mitigation Strategies ◽

Internal Displacement ◽

Gut Health ◽

Ethical Challenges ◽

Monitoring Centre ◽

Advisory Boards ◽

Displaced People ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background According to the Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre report on global human displacement, Ethiopia has the highest number of newly displaced people forced to flee their homes. Displaced people have arrived in other regions, sometimes leading to conflict. Several regions in Ethiopia experience on-going ethnic tensions and violence between tribes, which leaves smallholder farmers suspicious of any outside activities in their locale, assuming other ethnic groups may harm them. Changes in the central Ethiopian government have also led to suspicion of non-local agencies. The Campylobacter Genomics and Enteric Dysfunction (CAGED) research project’s objective is to improve the incomes, livelihoods and nutrition of smallholder farmers and was conducted during this period of increasing violence. The project aims to assess the impact of reducing exposure to chicken excreta on young children’s gut health and growth. This paper does not report empirical findings from CAGED, but is part of a series that aims to identify challenges in humanitarian research and reports on mitigation strategies during this research. Discussion This research is important to determine whether Campylobacter infection in chicken’s contributes to illness and stunting in children. However, violence against other researchers in different parts of Ethiopia led to mistrust and lack of engagement by the community with the researchers. Some reactions were so hostile that the team was fearful about returning to some households. As a result, the team designed strategies to respond, including establishing two types of community advisory boards. One used pre-existing village elder structures and another was composed of village youth. Data collection team members received training in principles of ethics, consent, and crisis management, and were provided on-going support from local and international principal investigators and the study’s ethics advisor. Conclusion The hostility and mistrust led to fear among the data collectors. These and the resulting strategies to address them resulted in delays for the research. However, the interventions taken resulted in successful completion of the field activities. Moreover, the lessons learned from this project are already being implemented with other projects being conducted in various parts of Ethiopia.

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Common Pitfalls and Shortcomings of Lessons Learned Programs

Advances in Human Resources Management and Organizational Development - Utilizing Evidence-Based Lessons Learned for Enhanced Organizational Innovation and Change ◽

10.4018/978-1-4666-6453-1.ch012 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 221-233

Author(s):

Ian Fry

Keyword(s):

Quality Control ◽

Learning Organization ◽

Management System ◽

Lessons Learned ◽

Mitigation Strategies ◽

System Quality ◽

Knowledge Capture ◽

Implementation Processes ◽

Implementation Level ◽

Lasting Change

While many organizations attempt to implement a Lessons Learned program, very few reach a state of becoming a “Learning Organization.” Surveys conducted by Knoco show that when asked how effective the program was, the average self-assessed score is 48%. Much of the problem is a lack of sufficient skilled and appropriate people, assessment and implementation processes, technology and governance; but even when these are in place, the single most common problem is that lessons are treated as observations and rarely used to drive lasting change. In addition, we find issues such as a lack of governance around the lesson-learning process, the lessons database is seen as a repository not a lessons management system, quality control is needed at the input stage, and ensuring sufficient evaluation. This chapter describes these problems and outlines some mitigation strategies to shift observations and knowledge capture to a more applied implementation level.

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Will Indonesia be Successful in Reducing its Greenhouse Gas Emissions with REDD+?: the Threat of Organizational Fragmentation

Annals of Tropical Research ◽

10.32945/atr3315a.2011 ◽

2011 ◽

pp. 67-84 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Medrilzam Medrilzam ◽

Paul Dargusch ◽

John Herbohn

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽

Greenhouse Gas ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Lessons Learned ◽

Mitigation Strategies ◽

Gas Emissions ◽

Government Organizations ◽

Organization Framework ◽

The Relationship

REDD+ schemes are likely to be important components of climate change mitigation strategies for developing countries in a post-Kyoto framework. Many tropical forest countries have been preparing their REDD+ structures in anticipation of the requirements for REDD+ investment. Indonesia, as one of the main REDD+ supporters, is struggling to establish its REDD+ governance framework and REDD+ infrastructure while waiting for the REDD+ mechanism to be ready for implementation at the global level. Demonstration activities are being conducted and several policy documents and regulations have been released since 2007. However, some issues remain outstanding, including organization fragmentation, raising concerns as to whether a REDD+ scheme can be implemented to effectively reduce Indonesia’s greenhouse gas emissions. This paper examines Indonesia’s efforts in preparing the REDD+ scheme through evaluations of climate change and REDD+ policy products from various government organizations. Descriptive analysis involving observations on various climate change and REDD+ products is used to reveal complexities that exist within the relationship among government organizations. This paper exposes six lessons learned from Indonesia’s experience and concludes that reduction of organization fragmentation on REDD+ is to be the highest priority action for Indonesia in the short term. With a clear organization framework, REDD+ implementation will be easier to manage and potentially increase investor confidence in REDD+ projects in Indonesia.

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The Institutional Responses of State Islamic Universities to Islamism: Lessons Learned from Three Campuses

Teosofi Jurnal Tasawuf dan Pemikiran Islam ◽

10.15642/teosofi.2020.10.2.253-283 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 252-282

Author(s):

Fawaizul Umam ◽

Khoirul Faizin

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

Lessons Learned ◽

State Universities ◽

Campus Life ◽

Case Study Approach ◽

Study Approach ◽

Institutional Responses ◽

The Republic ◽

The Universe

This study attempts to reveal the trend of Islamism and the institutional responses to it in Indonesian higher education, especially in the Perguruan Tinggi Keagamaan Islam Negeri or State Islamic Universities (PTKIN). Three PTKINs, which were UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya, UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, and IAIN Jember, were purposively selected as the research locus. Meanwhile, a case study approach was used to describe Islamism’s trend at these state universities from the 2000s to 2017. It was discovered that the Islamists attempted to infiltrate the campus life through two strategies, which were called persuasive and normative-reeducative. Subsequently, this phenomenon urged the three PTKINs to decide their institutional responses, which have been mainly aimed at deradicalizing campus life and delegitimizing Islamism’s ideology among academics. The institutional responses seem to be pivotal for all PTKINs, especially the three selected schools, because the campus is home to the scientific realm and not a political one. Also, Islamism is a factual threat, both to the integrity of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia (NKRI) and the ideals of the religion as a blessing for the universe.

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COVID-19 Case Investigations Among Federally Quarantined Evacuees From Wuhan, China, and Exposed Personnel at a US Military Base, United States, February 5-21, 2020

Public Health Reports ◽

10.1177/00333549211063469 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 003335492110634

Author(s):

Meagan R. Chuey ◽

Rebekah J. Stewart ◽

Maroya Walters ◽

Emily J. Curren ◽

Susan L. Hills ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Infection Control ◽

Hot Spot ◽

Lessons Learned ◽

Mitigation Strategies ◽

Public Health Response ◽

Military Base ◽

Case Identification ◽

Us Military ◽

Health Response ◽

Control Procedures

In February 2020, during the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic, 232 evacuees from Wuhan, China, were placed under federal 14-day quarantine upon arrival at a US military base in San Diego, California. We describe the monitoring of evacuees and responders for symptoms of COVID-19, case and contact investigations, infection control procedures, and lessons learned to inform future quarantine protocols for evacuated people from a hot spot resulting from a novel pathogen. Thirteen (5.6%) evacuees had COVID-19–compatible symptoms and 2 (0.9%) had laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2. Two case investigations identified 43 contacts; 3 (7.0%) contacts had symptoms but tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Daily symptom and temperature screening of evacuees and enacted infection control procedures resulted in rapid case identification and isolation and no detected secondary transmission among evacuees or responders. Lessons learned highlight the challenges associated with public health response to a novel pathogen and the evolution of mitigation strategies as knowledge of the pathogen evolves.

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Planetary extravehicular activity (EVA) risk mitigation strategies for long-duration space missions

npj Microgravity ◽

10.1038/s41526-021-00144-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Blaze Belobrajdic ◽

Kate Melone ◽

Ana Diaz-Artiles

Keyword(s):

Decompression Sickness ◽

Risk Mitigation ◽

Space Missions ◽

Lessons Learned ◽

Mitigation Strategies ◽

Planetary Surface ◽

Extravehicular Activity ◽

Long Duration ◽

Surface Exploration ◽

Risk Mitigation Strategies

AbstractExtravehicular activity (EVA) is one of the most dangerous activities of human space exploration. To ensure astronaut safety and mission success, it is imperative to identify and mitigate the inherent risks and challenges associated with EVAs. As we continue to explore beyond low earth orbit and embark on missions back to the Moon and onward to Mars, it becomes critical to reassess EVA risks in the context of a planetary surface, rather than in microgravity. This review addresses the primary risks associated with EVAs and identifies strategies that could be implemented to mitigate those risks during planetary surface exploration. Recent findings within the context of spacesuit design, Concept of Operations (CONOPS), and lessons learned from analog research sites are summarized, and how their application could pave the way for future long-duration space missions is discussed. In this context, we divided EVA risk mitigation strategies into two main categories: (1) spacesuit design and (2) CONOPS. Spacesuit design considerations include hypercapnia prevention, thermal regulation and humidity control, nutrition, hydration, waste management, health and fitness, decompression sickness, radiation shielding, and dust mitigation. Operational strategies discussed include astronaut fatigue and psychological stressors, communication delays, and the use of augmented reality/virtual reality technologies. Although there have been significant advances in EVA performance, further research and development are still warranted to enable safer and more efficient surface exploration activities in the upcoming future.

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