Analysis of the state of social resilience among different socio-demographic groups during the COVID- 19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 102514
Author(s):  
Hadi Alizadeh ◽  
Ayyoob Sharifi
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Social Resilience ◽  
Demographic Groups

Gender-related differences in mental health of Canadian Armed Forces members during the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. e20210012
Author(s):  
Kerry Sudom ◽  
Eva Guérin ◽  
Jennifer E. C. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
The State ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Family Status ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
Canadian Armed Forces ◽  
Regular Force ◽  
Clinically Significant

Lay Summary The challenges associated with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic have the potential to not only adversely affect mental health in general, but also to emphasize and widen disparities in mental health across demographic groups. In particular, research suggests that women have been disproportionately affected by the pandemic psychologically, socially, and economically. However, the state of mental health in the Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) during the pandemic and the impacts of gender on mental health outcomes are currently unknown. This study uses data collected early in the pandemic to examine the state of mental health of CAF Regular Force members and the impacts of gender and family status. Although most members were doing well, a notable minority were experiencing mental health issues at potentially clinically significant levels, with women more likely to experience depression and anxiety than men and women with children less likely to experience functional impairment as a result of their symptoms. The findings provide a snapshot of the mental health of Regular Force members during the pandemic and suggest the importance of considering gender and family situation in understanding mental health.

scholarly journals State Level Poverty: The Case Of New York

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert G. Mogull
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
State Level ◽  
The State ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
Demographic Group

This study serves two purposes. First, it demonstrates a method of estimating and projecting annual poverty at sub-national levels. Data are obtained from decennial censuses and form the benchmarks from which poverty is estimated and projected for separate demographic groups. Projections are based upon historical curvilinear trends for each group. The methodology demonstrated can be easily applied in a variety of jurisdictional settings and levels. The second objective is to provide a portrait of poverty by demographic group specifically within the State of New York. The evidence indicates that New York can anticipate a substantial poverty increase over the next decade. There will also be major shifts among demographic groups in their shares of overall State poverty.

scholarly journals County Poverty: The Case Of Sacramento

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert G. Mogull
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Rate ◽  
The State ◽  
Font Size ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
Rates Of Change ◽  
Demographic Group ◽  
County Poverty

<p class="MsoBlockText" style="margin: 0in 0.5in 0pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">This study serves two purposes.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>First, it demonstrates a method of estimating and projecting annual poverty at sub-national levels.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>Data are obtained from decennial censuses to form the benchmarks from which poverty is estimated and projected for various demographic groups.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>Projections are based upon historical curvilinear trends for each group.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>The methodology can be easily applied in a variety of jurisdictional settings and levels.</span></span></span></p><p class="MsoBodyTextIndent" style="text-indent: 0in; margin: 0in 0.5in 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">&nbsp;</span></span></p><p class="MsoBodyTextIndent" style="text-indent: 0in; margin: 0in 0.5in 0pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">The second objective is to provide a specific portrait of poverty by demographic group within the County of Sacramento in the State of California.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>The evidence indicates that, by the end of the decade, the County poverty rate will rise to 16% and the number of poor persons will expand to 216 thousand.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>There will be large differences among the various demographic groups in their rates of change.</span></span></span></p>

Persecution and Social Resilience: The Case of the Ethiopian Pentecostals

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-326
Author(s):  
Tibebe Eshete
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Role ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Resilience ◽  
Evangelical Christians ◽  
Faith Tradition ◽  
Ethiopian Orthodox ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Historically Situated ◽  
The One ◽  
Scientific Socialism

Abstract Persecution has long constituted part of the spiritual repertoire of evangelical Christians in Ethiopia. Ever since its introduction by Western missionaries, the new Christian faith has provided an alternative model to the one that pre-existed it in the form of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church (eoc). The new dimension of Christianity that is anchored in the doctrine of personal salvation and sanctification provided a somewhat different template of what it means to be a Christian by choice rather than belonging to a preset culture. This was antithetical to the conventional mode of culturally and historically situated Christianity, which strongly lays emphasis on adherence to certain prescribed rituals like fasting, the observances of saintly days, and devotions to saints. Its introduction by foreigners is often contrasted with an indigenous faith tradition which is considered to have a long history dating back to the apostolic times. The tendency of evangelical Christians to disassociate themselves from the local culture, as emblematic of holiness and separation from the world, viewed from the other optic, lent it the label mete, literally “imported” or “of foreign extraction”. The state support the established church had garnered for a long time, plus its massive influences, also accorded the eoc a privileged position to exercise a dominant role in the social, political, and cultural life of the country. This article explores the theme of persecution of Evangelical Christians in light of the above framework. It crucially examines the persecution of Pentecostals prior to the Ethiopian Revolution of 1974 and afterwards. Two reasons justify my choice. First, it lends the article a clear focus and secondly, Pentecostalism has been one of the potent vehicles for the expansion of evangelical Christianity in Ethiopia. I argue that the pre-revolutionary persecution stems from the fact that the Pentecostals presented some kind of spiritual shock waves to the familiar terrains of Christianity and that the main reason for their persecutions during the revolution was the fact that they countered hegemonic narratives that presented themselves in the form of Marxism, which became the doctrine of the state under the banner of “scientific socialism.”

Immigration in North Carolina’s Past

2018 ◽  
pp. 53-64
Author(s):  
Hannah Gill
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Latin American ◽  
The United States ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
Border States ◽  
History Of ◽  
Latin American Immigration ◽  
History Of Migration

Chapter 2 recalls North Carolina’s four-hundred-year history of migration to the state. Immigrant populations from Europe and Africa provide a background for later Latin American immigration to North Carolina. Importantly, the chapter places North Carolina immigration history in a larger national context. U.S. policies have shaped who has migrated to North Carolina by dictating the inclusion and exclusion of immigrant groups throughout the nation’s history. Political and economic relations between the United States and Mexico have also created extensive migration networks between the two countries and have led to the formation of centuries-old Latino communities in border states that now look to North Carolina for new opportunities. In more recent years, Asian immigrants have settled in the state and represent one of the fastest growing demographic groups.

scholarly journals All-cause excess mortality in the State of Gujarat, India, during the COVID-19 pandemic (March 2020-April 2021)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolando J. Acosta ◽  
Biraj Patnaik ◽  
Caroline Buckee ◽  
Satchit Balsari ◽  
Ayesha Mahmud
Keyword(s):  
Excess Mortality ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
The State ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
Mortality Estimate ◽  
Baseline Mortality ◽  
Diagnostic Capacity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Civil Death

AbstractOfficial COVID-19 mortality statistics are strongly influenced by the local diagnostic capacity, strength of the healthcare system, and the recording and reporting capacities on causes of death. This can result in significant undercounting of COVID-19 attributable deaths, making it challenging to understand the total mortality burden of the pandemic. Excess mortality, which is defined as the increase in observed death counts compared to a baseline expectation, provides an alternate measure of the mortality shock of the COVID-19 pandemic. Here, we use data from civil death registers for 54 municipalities across the state of Gujarat, India, to estimate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on all-cause mortality. Using a model fit to monthly data from January 2019 to February 2020, we estimate excess mortality over the course of the pandemic from March 2020 to April 2021. We estimated 16,000 [95% CI: 14,000, 18,000] excess deaths across these municipalities since March 2020. The sharpest increase in deaths was observed in April 2021, with an estimated 480% [95% CI: 390%, 580%] increase in mortality from expected counts for the same period. Females and the 40 to 60 age groups experienced a greater increase from baseline mortality compared to other demographic groups. Our excess mortality estimate for these 54 municipalities, representing approximately 5% of the state population, exceeds the official COVID-19 death count for the entire state of Gujarat.

scholarly journals The making of Florida's "criminal class:" race, modernity and the convict leasing program, 1877-1919

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Connor Donegan
Keyword(s):  
White Women ◽  
Due Process ◽  
The State ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
Prison Labor ◽  
Florida Department ◽  
State Archives ◽  
Due Process Rights

Under the State of Florida’s convict leasing program (1877-1919) over 10,000 Floridians and visitors served sentences of hard labor at the pain of the lash. Prisoners labored in some of Florida’s first phosphate mines and were leased to turpentine and lumber operations throughout the state. This article draws on over four decades of reports on the prison system by the Florida Department of Agriculture, including geographic sentencing data, data on prisoner characteristics, minutes from the Board of Pardons and additional materials held in the Convict Lease Subject Files in the Florida State Archives. The article relates homicidal violence against prisoners and the Federal Judiciary’s formal refusal to enforce due process rights—rendering black Americans and others vulnerable to state-sanctioned violence at all times—to the proliferation of debt peonage and wage stagnation in what were then Florida’s largest industries, lumber and turpentine.While certain demographic groups (e.g. white women) were spared the indignities of prison labor, this research also exposes that persons with disabilities, white and black, were disproportionately sentenced to state prison. In official reports and professional conferences, Florida prison officials aped the latest pseudo-scientific theories of race and social fitness to naturalize the prevalence of death and disability among prisoners in their custody. In response to repeated attempts to abolish the system, officials aimed to recast the palpably barbaric institution as particularly suitable for the purpose of repressing the state’s increasingly non-agricultural black working class, dubbed the “criminal class.”

scholarly journals Research of features of statistical accounting of primary disability of the adult population in Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-47
Author(s):  
Leila N. Natsun
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
The State ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Effective Response ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
Demographic Aging ◽  
Disability Group ◽  
Primary Disability ◽  
The Impact

Disability of the population is one of the most topical challenges to society in the context of demographic aging of the population. To ensure the most effective response to this challenge, reliable information is needed about the health status of the population and the actual extent of disability in the main socio-demographic groups. In Russia, the study of disability issues is devoted to the works of many researchers, performed in the framework of medical, sociological and economic disciplines. Special attention is paid to the structure and dynamics of disability in the country as a whole and in its regions. At the same time, a special feature of the Russian system of statistical accounting for the number of disabled people is its focus on registering recipients of pensions and disability benefits, as well as on data on citizensʼ requests for identification of a disability group. This makes it difficult to assess the real extent of disability, because a part of the population is not included in the number of disabled. At the same time, the extent of accounting errors depends, inter alia, on the rules and criteria for determining disability established by the state. Taking into account these theses, the purpose of this study is the evaluation of the impact of social policy on the dynamics and structure of primary disability in the adult population of the Russian Federation. The information base of the study was made up of research data on similar topics, data from international organizations, and data from Russian state statistics. The paper summarizes and analyzes information about the number and structure of the disabled population, the dynamics of primary disability indicators, and the populationʼs requests for identification of a disability group. The main changes in the legislation regulating the procedure and criteria for recognizing citizens as disabled are analyzed. It is shown that a sharp increase in primary disability in 2005 was due to an increase in the number of applications for disability by citizens of retirement age. The main incentives were the monetization of benefits, changes in disability criteria and rules for pension provision for disabled people. It is proved that the registered indicators of primary disability depend on the reaction of the population to the social policy of the state, and this reaction is differentiated by socio-demographic groups of the population.ʼ

scholarly journals Characteristics of patients presenting, and not presenting, to the emergency department during the early days of COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bjorn C. Westgard ◽  
Matthew W. Morgan ◽  
Gabriela Vazquez-Benitez ◽  
Lauren O. Erickson ◽  
Michael D. Zwank
Keyword(s):  
Initial Step ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Substantial Effect ◽  
The State ◽  
Care Seeking ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Ed Visits ◽  
The Impact

AbstractObjectiveSocietal responses to the COVID-19 pandemic have had a substantial effect upon the number of patients seeking healthcare. An initial step in estimating the impact of these changes is characterizing the patients, visits, and diagnoses for whom care is being delayed or deferred.MethodsWe conducted an observational study, examining demographics and diagnoses for all patient visits to the ED of an urban Level-1 trauma center before and after the state declaration and compared them to visits from a similar period in 2019. We estimated the ratios of the before and after periods using Poisson regression, calculated the percent change with respect to 2019 for total ED visits, patient characteristics, and diagnoses, and then evaluated the interactions between each factor and the overall change in ED visits.ResultsThere was a significant 35.2% drop in overall ED visits after the state declaration. Disproportionate declines were seen in visits by pediatric and older patients, women, and Medicare recipients as well as for presentations of syncope, cerebrovascular accidents, urolithiasis, abdominal and back pain. Significantly disproportionate increases were seen in ED visits for potential symptoms of COVID-19, including URIs, shortness of breath, and chest pain.ConclusionsPatient concerns about health care settings and public health have significantly altered care-seeking during the COVID-19 pandemic. Overall and differential declines in ED visits for certain demographic groups and disease processes should prompt efforts to encourage care-seeking and research to monitor for the morbidity and mortality that is likely to result from delayed or deferred care.

scholarly journals Epidemiological crisis of 2020: financial situation of the population and social support

POPULATION ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-23
Author(s):  
Elena Grishina
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Benefits ◽  
Financial Situation ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
Cash Assistance ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Food Packages ◽  
The Social

The paper analyzes the dynamics of the financial situation and social support coverage of various socio-demographic groups in Russia in 2020 during the coronavirus pandemic. The study was based on the data of three population surveys conducted in May, October, and December 2020. The spread of coronavirus had a negative impact on the welfare of the population: almost half of the respondents reported worsening of the financial situation of their families in 2020. Over half of the respondents indicated the need for cash assistance, and almost a quarter of the respondents—the need for food packages. More than a quarter of the respondents who tried to apply for social benefits in 2020 faced with some problems. In early December 2020, more than 40% of the respondents had already received the state social support in connection with COVID-19, mainly as cash payments. However, almost 60% of the respondents, including more than a half of the poor had not received any social assistance related to the pandemic. The respondents rather critically assessed the sufficiency of the state social support: almost 60% of the respondents believed that the state had not taken sufficient steps to support the population. The coronavirus epidemic has shown the importance of the social support efficiency improving through digitalization and better targeting.

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