Psychometric properties of the Affective Lability Scale (54 and 18-item version) in patients with bipolar disorder, first-degree relatives, and healthy controls

2015 ◽  
Vol 172 ◽  
pp. 375-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Aas ◽  
Geir Pedersen ◽  
Chantal Henry ◽  
Thomas Bjella ◽  
Frank Bellivier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
First Degree Relatives ◽  
Affective Lability

scholarly journals Response Processes to Looming Appetitive and Aversive Cues in Euthymic Bipolar Patients and Their First-Degree Relatives: An Exploratory Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 025371762097528
Author(s):  
Velprashanth Venkatesan ◽  
Christoday R J Khess ◽  
Umesh Shreekantiah ◽  
Nishant Goyal ◽  
K. K. Kshitiz
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Sensitivity To Reward ◽  
Bipolar Group ◽  
First Degree Relatives ◽  
Vulnerability Model ◽  
Increased Sensitivity ◽  
Appetitive Cues ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Bipolar Patients

Background: Patients with bipolar disorder demonstrate increased sensitivity to appetitive/rewarding stimuli even during euthymia. On presentation of arousing pictures, they show a peculiar response, suggesting heightened vigilance. While responding to looming arousing cues, studies show subjects with anxiety spectrum disorders exhibit increased reaction time (RT), explained by the “looming-vulnerability model.” This study aimed to investigate the responses to looming arousing cues in euthymic bipolar patients and their first-degree relatives, as compared to healthy controls. Method: A looming appetitive and aversive cue paradigm was designed for assessing the RT of patients to process appetitive and aversive cues. The behavioral inhibition/activation and sensitivity to reward/punishment amongst the groups were also assessed. Results: The bipolar group showed significantly longer RT to process appetitive cues irrespective of the looming condition. Aversive cues elicited significantly longer RT in both the bipolar group and in first-degree relatives, but only when presented with the looming condition. Significant looming bias was elicited in the bipolar group which suggested a particular cognitive style to looming cues. A composite measure of RT along with sensitivity to reward/punishment distinguishes the bipolar group and their first-degree relatives from the healthy controls. Conclusion: The looming vulnerability model may provide important insights for future exploration of cognitive endophenotypes in bipolar disorder.

scholarly journals Brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels in newly diagnosed patients with bipolar disorder, their unaffected first-degree relatives and healthy controls

BJPsych Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nanna Aagaard Petersen ◽  
Marc Østergaard Nielsen ◽  
Klara Coello ◽  
Sharleny Stanislaus ◽  
Sigurd Melbye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
First Degree Relatives ◽  
Duration Of Illness ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Medication Status

Background Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), which facilitates neuroplasticity and synaptogenesis, may be decreased in bipolar disorder, but has not been systematically investigated in people with newly diagnosed bipolar disorder and unaffected first-degree relatives. Aims To compare BDNF levels in patients with newly diagnosed bipolar disorder, their unaffected first-degree relatives and healthy controls. Method The study investigated plasma BDNF levels in patients (n = 371) with newly diagnosed bipolar disorder, their unaffected first-degree relatives (n = 98) and healthy controls (n = 200) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We further investigated associations between BDNF levels and illness-related variables and medication status. Results BDNF levels were found to be 22.0% (95% CI 1.107–1.343) higher in patients with bipolar disorder compared with healthy controls (P < 0.001) and 15.6% higher in unaffected first-degree relatives compared with healthy controls (95% CI 1.007–1.327, P = 0.04), when adjusting for age and gender. Further, BDNF levels were positively associated with duration of illness at a trend level (P = 0.05), age (P = 0.001) and use of anti-epileptic medication (P = 0.05). Conclusions These findings suggest that BDNF levels are not decreased in the early stages of bipolar disorder and in unaffected first-degree relatives contrasting with prior findings during later stages of the illness.

scholarly journals Differences in coping strategies in adult patients with bipolar disorder and their first-degree relatives in comparison to healthy controls

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 318-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelen Patrícia Bürke Bridi ◽  
Ana Claudia M. Loredo-Souza ◽  
Adam Fijtman ◽  
Mirela Vasconcelos Moreno ◽  
Márcia Kauer-Sant'Anna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Adaptive Strategies ◽  
Psychosocial Interventions ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Maladaptive Coping ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
First Degree Relatives ◽  
Brief Cope ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Introduction: The objective of this study was to compare patients with bipolar disorder (BD), their first-degree relatives and a group of healthy controls in terms of use of adaptive and maladaptive coping strategies, exploring differences between specific types of strategies and their correlations with clinical variables. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study enrolling 36 euthymic patients with BD, 39 of their first-degree relatives and 44 controls. Coping strategies were assessed using the Brief COPE scale. Results: Significant differences were detected in the use of adaptive and maladaptive strategies by patients, their first-degree relatives and controls. Patients used adaptive strategies less often than the patients’ relatives (p<0.001) and controls (p = 0.003). There was no significant difference between first-degree relatives and controls (p=0.707). In contrast, patients (p<0.001) and their relatives (p=0.004) both exhibited higher scores for maladaptive coping than controls. There was no significant difference regarding the use of maladaptive strategies between patients and their relatives (p=0.517). Conclusions: First-degree relatives were at an intermediate level between patients with BD and controls regarding the use of coping skills. This finding supports the development of psychosocial interventions to encourage use of adaptive strategies rather than maladaptive strategies in this population.

scholarly journals Social Cognition and Neuro-cognition in Patients with Bipolar Disorder, Their First-Degree Relatives and Healthy Controls

2020 ◽  
pp. 025371762095793
Author(s):  
Uma Maheswari Ganesh ◽  
Shwetha TS ◽  
Rajeshkrishna P Bhandary
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Social Cognition ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Neurocognitive Deficits ◽  
First Degree Relatives ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Indian Setting

Background: Studies focusing on assessing social cognition deficits in schizophrenia have been expanded to bipolar disorder considering the similarities shared between the two conditions. Existing research has identified significant deficits in social cognitive skills independent of mood states and neurocognitive deficits, which could indicate the potentiality of this domain to be an endophenotype for bipolar disorder. Methods: The current study assesses the impairments in social cognition in patients with bipolar disorder and their first degree relatives, simultaneously testing for neurocognition as well, and comparing their performance to healthy controls. Fifty four participants were recruited, with 18 participants in each group. MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery was used to test neurocognition and Social Cognition Rating Tool in Indian Setting was administered for testing social cognition. Results: Significant deficits were found in social cognition and neurocognition (at p<.01) in the patient group when compared to both probands and healthy controls but no difference between probands and healthy controls. This finding established impairments in socio-cognitive functioning in remitted patients. Conclusion: The study has identified persistent deficits in social and neuro-cognition despite remission, having significant clinical implications in terms developing remediation programs for social cognition and planning early intervention as social cognition deficits have been identified as potential risk factors.

scholarly journals Validity and reliability of the Cognitive Complaints in Bipolar Disorder Rating Assessment (COBRA) in Brazilian bipolar patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávia M. Lima ◽  
Taiane A. Cardoso ◽  
Sílvia D. Serafim ◽  
Dayane S. Martins ◽  
Brisa Solé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Cognitive Complaints ◽  
Cognitive Measures ◽  
Discriminative Validity ◽  
Valid Instrument ◽  
Bipolar Patients

Abstract Introduction: In Brazil, there is no valid instrument to measure subjective cognitive dysfunction in bipolar disorder. The present study analyzed the psychometric properties of the Cognitive Complaints in Bipolar Disorder Rating Assessment (COBRA) in Brazilian bipolar patients. We further investigated the relationship between the COBRA, objective cognitive measures, and illness course variables. Methods: The total sample (N=150) included 85 bipolar disorder patients and 65 healthy controls. The psychometric properties of the COBRA (e.g., internal consistency, concurrent validity, discriminative validity, factor analyses, ROC curve, and feasibility) were analyzed. Results: The COBRA showed a one-factor structure with very high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha=0.890). Concurrent validity was indicated by a strong correlation with the cognitive domain of the FAST (r=0.811, p<0.001). Bipolar patients experienced greater cognitive complaints (mean=14.69; standard deviation [SD]=10.03) than healthy controls (mean=6.78; SD=5.49; p<0.001), suggesting discriminative validity of the instrument. No significant correlations were found between the COBRA and objective cognitive measures. Furthermore, higher COBRA scores were associated with residual depressive (r=0.448; p<0.001) and manic (r=0.376; p<0.001) symptoms, number of depressive episodes (r=0.306; p=0.011), number of total episodes (r=0.256; p=0.038), and suicide attempts (r=0.356; p=0.003). Conclusion: The COBRA is a valid instrument to assess cognitive complaints, and the combined use of subjective-objective cognitive measures enables the correct identification of cognitive dysfunctions in bipolar disorder.

A comparative meta-analysis of neurocognition in first-degree relatives of patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 121-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Bora
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Intellectual Ability ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
First Degree Relatives ◽  
General Intellectual Ability

AbstractObjective:Cognitive impairment is a familial and heritable aspect of major psychoses and might be a shared vulnerability marker for schizophrenia and BP. However, it is not clear whether some aspects of cognitive deficits are uniquely associated with risk for specific diagnoses.Methods:A novel meta-analysis of cognitive functions in first-degree relatives of probands with bipolar disorder (BP-Rel) and schizophrenia (Sch-Rel) was conducted. Current meta-analysis included 20 studies and compared cognitive functions of 1341 Sch-Rel, 939 BP-Rel and 1427 healthy controls.Results:Sch-Rel was associated with cognitive deficits in all domains (d = 0.20–0.58) and BP-Rel underperformed healthy controls in processing speed, verbal fluency and speed based executive function tests (d = 0.33–0.41). Sch-Rel underperformed BP-Rel in general intellectual ability, working memory, verbal memory, planning, processing speed and fluency (d = 0.24–0.42).Conclusions:Inefficiency in processing information and impaired processing speed might be common vulnerability factors for major psychoses. On the other hand, low performance in accuracy based tasks and deficits in general intellectual ability, verbal learning, planning and working memory might be more specifically associated with risk for schizophrenia.

scholarly journals Neurocognition in Unaffected First-Degree Relatives of Patients With Bipolar Disorder Type I From India

SAGE Open ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 215824401143635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raman Deep Pattanayak ◽  
Rajesh Sagar ◽  
Manju Mehta
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Type I ◽  
Trail Making Test ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
First Degree Relatives ◽  
Trail Making ◽  
Disorder Type

The study aims to evaluate the neuropsychological functions of unaffected first-degree relatives of patients with bipolar disorder Type I (BD-I) in comparison with healthy controls. The method was a cross-sectional assessment of 20 first-degree relatives of patients with BD-I and 20 healthy controls. Inclusion criteria for all participants included age between 18 and 55 years, ≥5 years of formal education, right-handedness as per Edinburgh handedness inventory, absence of color blindness as per Ishihara’s isochromatic charts, and a score of >24 on Hindi mental state examination. None of the participants had a current or lifetime diagnosis of a mental disorder on Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV, Clinician Version. Neuropsychological assessment was conducted with Trail Making Test A and B, Stroop color and word test, N-Back Verbal Memory Test, and Post Graduate Institute (PGI) Memory Scale. Both the groups were comparable in age, gender distribution, and education. The unaffected first-degree relatives performed poorly on Trail Making Test B and (B-A), indicating a poor cognitive flexibility and set-shifting. The relative group also performed poorly on Mental Balance subtest of PGI Memory Scale. The unaffected first-degree relatives of patients with BD display certain impairments in dorsal prefrontal executive functions which can serve as vulnerability markers for BD.

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