scholarly journals The modifying effect of socioeconomic status on the relationship between traffic, air pollution and respiratory health in elementary schoolchildren

2016 ◽  
Vol 177 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabit Cakmak ◽  
Christopher Hebbern ◽  
Jasmine D. Cakmak ◽  
Jennifer Vanos
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Modifying Effect ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Socioeconomic inequalities and exposure to traffic-related air pollution in the city of São Paulo, Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mateus Habermann ◽  
Míriam Souza ◽  
Rogério Prado ◽  
Nelson Gouveia
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Traffic Density ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

Air pollution is a leading public health concern. In addition, poor populations have been reported as showing increased exposure to such pollution. The current study thus aimed to evaluate the socioeconomic status of the population exposed to vehicle-related air pollution in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. The study used data from the 2010 Census on head-of-household’s mean monthly income and the percentage of households connected to the sewage system. Exposure to air pollutants was estimated according to traffic density in the census tract plus a 200m surrounding buffer. The relationship between exposure and socioeconomic variables was analyzed by the Kruskal-Wallis test. Exposure increased with increasing socioeconomic status (p < 0.001). The population with the highest socioeconomic status lives in the most polluted areas of the city. However, place of residence alone is not capable of measuring exposure. The study suggests that future epidemiological studies include other indicators of vulnerability.

scholarly journals Nasal Microbiota Modifies the Effects of Particulate Air Pollution on Plasma Extracellular Vesicles

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacopo Mariani ◽  
Chiara Favero ◽  
Michele Carugno ◽  
Laura Pergoli ◽  
Luca Ferrari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Extracellular Vesicle ◽  
Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis ◽  
Particulate Air Pollution ◽  
Air Pollution Exposure ◽  
Multivariable Analyses ◽  
Pollution Exposure ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Nasal Microbiota

Air pollution exposure has been linked to modifications of both extracellular vesicle (EV) concentration and nasal microbiota structure (NMB), which might act as the respiratory health gatekeeper. This study aimed to assess whether an unbalanced NMB could modify the effect of particulate matter (PM) exposure on plasmatic EV levels. Due to two different NMB taxonomical profiles characterized by a widely different relative abundance of the Moraxella genus, the enrolled population was stratified into Mor− (balanced NMB) and Mor+ (unbalanced NMB) groups (Moraxella genus’s cut-off ≤25% and >25%, respectively). EV features were assessed by nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) and flow-cytometry (FC). Multivariable analyses were applied on EV outcomes to evaluate a possible association between PM10 and PM2.5 and plasmatic EV levels. The Mor− group revealed positive associations between PM levels and plasmatic CD105+ EVs (GMR = 4.39 p = 0.02) as for total EV count (GMR = 1.92 p = 0.02). Conversely, the Mor+ group showed a negative association between exposure and EV outcomes (CD66+ GMR = 0.004 p = 0.01; EpCAM+ GMR = 0.005 p = 0.01). Our findings provide an insight regarding how a balanced NMB may help to counteract PM exposure effects in terms of plasmatic EV concentration. Further research is necessary to understand the relationship between the host and the NMB to disentangle the mechanism exerted by inhaled pollutants in modulating EVs and NMB.

scholarly journals Effect of socioeconomic status on the association between air pollution and mortality in Bogota, Colombia

2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Camilo Blanco-Becerra ◽  
Víctor Miranda-Soberanis ◽  
Albino Barraza-Villarreal ◽  
Washington Junger ◽  
Magali Hurtado-Díaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Ecological Study ◽  
Aerodynamic Diameter ◽  
Components Analysis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Respiratory Causes

Objective. To evaluate the modification effect of socioeconomic status (SES) on the association between acute exposure to particulate matter less than 10 microns in aerodynamic diameter (PM10) and mortality in Bogota, Colombia. Materials and methods. A time-series ecological study was conducted (1998-2006). The localities of the cities were stratified using principal components analysis, creating three levels of aggregation that allowed for the evaluation of the impact of SES on the relationship between mortality and air pollution. Results. For all ages, the change in the mortality risk for all causes was 0.76% (95%CI 0.27-1.26) for SES I (low), 0.58% (95%CI 0.16-1.00) for SES II (mid) and -0.29% (95%CI -1.16-0.57) for SES III (high) per 10µg/m3 increment in the daily average of PM10 on day of death. Conclusions. The results suggest that SES significantly modifies the effect of environmental exposure to PM10 on mortality from all causes and respiratory causes.

Air pollution and children’s respiratory health: a scoping review of socioeconomic status as an effect modifier

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 649-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalia M. Munoz-Pizza ◽  
Mariana Villada-Canela ◽  
M. A. Reyna ◽  
José Luis Texcalac-Sangrador ◽  
Álvaro R. Osornio-Vargas
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Effect Modifier

scholarly journals Sources of Indoor Air Pollution and Respiratory Health in Preschool Children

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia Fuentes-Leonarte ◽  
Ferran Ballester ◽  
José Maria Tenías
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Pollution Source ◽  
Biomass Combustion ◽  
Respiratory Problems ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
The Relationship

We carried out bibliographic searches in PubMed and Embase.com for the period from 1996 to 2008 with the aim of reviewing the scientific literature on the relationship between various sources of indoor air pollution and the respiratory health of children under the age of five. Those studies that included adjusted correlation measurements for the most important confounding variables and which had an adequate population size were considered to be more relevant. The results concerning the relationship between gas energy sources and children's respiratory health were heterogeneous. Indoor air pollution from biomass combustion in the poorest countries was found to be an important risk factor for lower respiratory tract infections. Solvents involved in redecorating, DYI work, painting, and so forth, were found to be related to an increased risk for general respiratory problems. The distribution of papers depending on the pollution source showed a clear relationship with life-style and the level of development.

scholarly journals Association between moderated level of air pollution and fetal growth: the potential role of noise exposure

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-Sophie Mariet ◽  
Nadine Bernard ◽  
Sophie Pujol ◽  
Paul Sagot ◽  
Gérard Thiriez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Noise Levels ◽  
Modifying Effect ◽  
Logistic Regressions ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThis study aims to analyze, in a population of singletons, the potential confounding or modifying effect of noise on the relationship between fetal growth restriction (FGR) or small for gestational age (SGA) and environmental exposure to air pollution. All women with single pregnancies living in one of two medium-sized cities (Besançon, Dijon) and who delivered at a university hospital between 2005 and 2009 were included. FGR and SGA were obtained from medical records. Outdoor residential exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and particulate matter (PM10) was quantified at the mother’s address at delivery over defined pregnancy periods; outdoor noise exposure was considered to be the annual average daily noise levels in the façade of building (LAeq,24 h). Adjusted odds ratios (ORa) were estimated by multivariable logistic regressions. Among the 8994 included pregnancies, 587 presented FGR and 918 presented SGA. In the two-exposure models, for SGA, the ORa for a 10-µg/m3 increase of PM10 during the two last months before delivery was 1.18, 95%CI 1.00–1.41 and for FGR, these ORa were for the first and the third trimesters, and the two last months before delivery: 0.77 (0.61–0.97), 1.38 (1.12–1.70), and 1.35 (1.11–1.66), respectively. Noise was not associated with SGA or FGR and did not confound the relationship between air pollution and SGA or FGR. These results are in favor of an association between PM10 exposure and fetal growth, independent of noise, particularly towards the end of pregnancy, and of a lack of association between noise and fetal growth.

scholarly journals OPEN BURNING OF HOUSEHOLD SOLID WASTE AND CHILD RESPIRATORY HEALTH: EVIDENCE FROM INDONESIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 123-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Irianti ◽  
Puguh Prasetyoputra
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Open Burning ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Household Solid Waste ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRAK Pembakaran sampah rumah tangga yang tidak terkendali menciptakan banyak polutan berbahaya. Menurut Riskesdas 2013, satu dari dua rumah tangga Indonesia dilaporkan membakar sampah mereka di tempat terbuka. Oleh karena itu, analisis ini bertujuan untuk menguji hubungan antara pembakaran terbuka limbah padat rumah tangga dan pengalaman ISPA pada anak-anak di Indonesia dari sumber data yang sama. Kami memasang model regresi logistik sederhana dan multivariabel untuk menguji hubungan antara paparan pembakaran terbuka limbah padat rumah tangga dan pengalaman ISPA pada anak di bawah 5 tahun dari data Riskesdas 2013. Hasil analisis menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan antara pembakaran terbuka limbah rumah tangga dan pengalaman ISPA pada anak-anak Indonesia. Secara khusus, kami menemukan proporsi yang lebih tinggi dari pembakaran terbuka di area ini terkait dengan risiko ISPA yang lebih tinggi. Hubungan ini tetap signifikan secara statistik setelah variabel penjelas lainnya dimasukkan. Namun, kami tidak menemukan hubungan yang signifikan antara pembakaran terbuka di tingkat rumah tangga. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa anak-anak juga dapat terkena polusi udara luar ruangan selain dari polusi udara dalam ruangan yang berasal dari penggunaan bahan bakar memasak yang tidak aman. Dengan temuan ini, kami merekomendasikan semua pemangku kepentingan termasuk masyarakat untuk mengatasi praktik umum pembakaran sampah secara terbuka.  Kata kunci: Riskesdas 2013, pembakaran sampah terbuka, pencemaran udara, ISPA   ABSTRACT Uncontrolled burning of household solid waste creates many harmful pollutants. The Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) 2013 found that one in two Indonesian households burned their solid waste in the open. Therefore, the study is aimed at examining the relationship between open burning of household solid waste and experience of ARI among under-5 children in Indonesia using the same source of data.We fitted simple and multivariable logistic regression models to the 2013 Riskesdas to examine the association between exposure to open burning of household solid waste and ARI experience among U-5 children.The results showed a significant association between open burning of household waste and ARI experience among Indonesian children. Specifically, we found a higher proportion of open burning in the area is associated with a higher risk of ARI. This relationship remains statistically significant after the other covariates were included. We did not observe, however, a significant association between open burning at the household level.These findings imply that children may also be exposed to outdoor air pollution besides from indoor air pollution emanating from the use of unsafe cooking fuel. Given these findings, we urge all stakeholders including the community to tackle the prevalent practice of open burning. Keywords: Riskesdas 2013, household solid waste, open burning, air pollution, ARI

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