scholarly journals Glycopeptide resistance in Enterococcus spp. and coagulase-negative staphylococci from hospitalized patients in Germany: occurrence, characteristics, and susceptibility to dalbavancin

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Kresken ◽  
Ingo Klare ◽  
Thomas A. Wichelhaus ◽  
Esther Wohlfarth ◽  
Franziska Layer-Nicolaou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Glycopeptide Resistance ◽  
Enterococcus Spp ◽  
Occurrence Characteristics

scholarly journals Antimicrobial resistance profiles of microorganisms isolated from hospitalized patients in Dominican Republic

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
David de Luna ◽  
José Javier Sánchez ◽  
Miguel Peguero ◽  
Wilmary García ◽  
Sylmari Liciaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Dominican Republic ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
Generation Cephalosporin ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Acinetobacter Spp

Objective. To define the antimicrobial resistance profiles of the microorganisms most commonly isolated from hospitalized adult patients in Dominican Republic (DR). Methods. A retrospective, cross-sectional study of phenotypic antimicrobial susceptibility patterns was conducted using data from 3 802 clinical microbiology reports specifying positive bacterial cultures in samples collected from patients admitted to the clinical, surgery, and intensive care units (ICU) at three tertiary-level care hospitals in the city of Santiago de los Caballeros from 1 January 2016 – 31 December 2017. Descriptive statistics and chi-square test (P ≤ 0.05) were used to analyze the qualitative variables. Results. At the three hospitals, there were 932, 1 090, and 1 780 microbiology reports analyzed. Of the total, 1274 were from the ICU, 1 042 from the surgery unit, and 1 486 from the clinical unit. Methicillin resistance was found in 57.3% of the Staphylococcus aureus isolates and 75.3% of the coagulase-negative staphylococci. Third-generation cephalosporin resistance was detected in 54.4% of isolates identified as members of the Enterobacteriaceae family, 67.3% of the Acinetobacter spp., and 91.7% of the Pseudomonas, while carbapenem resistance was shown by 8.0%, 23.8%, and 51.0% of these, respectively. Most of the resistant Acinetobacter spp. isolates were found in just one hospital and the prevalence of Enterobacteriaceae resistant to carbapenems was highest in the ICU. Conclusion. Antimicrobial resistance levels are high among hospitalized patients in Dominican Republic and may cause enhanced risk factors that impact clinical outcomes. Urgent measures are needed to address antimicrobial resistance in DR.

scholarly journals Monitoring and Characteristics of Major Mastitis Pathogens from Bulk Tank Milk in Korea

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mun-Jo Yun ◽  
Sunghyun Yoon ◽  
Young Ju Lee
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Milk Quality ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Bulk Tank Milk ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Enterococcus Spp ◽  
Resistance To Penicillin ◽  
Bulk Tank ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp ◽  
Mastitis Pathogens

In many countries, bulk tank milk (BTM) has been used for examining milk and analyzed as an important part of milk quality assurance programs. The objectives of this study were to investigate milk quality and the presence of major mastitis pathogens in BTM, and to compare the characteristics of BTM by dairy factory or company. A total of 1588 batches of BTM samples were collected from 396 dairy farms of seven dairy factories owned by four companies in Korea. The means of individual bacterial counts (IBC) and somatic cell count (SCC) were 3.7 × 104 cells/mL and 1.1 × 105 cells/mL, respectively, and no significant differences among dairy factories were observed. The most common pathogen was Staphylococcus spp. (60.1%), followed by E. faecalis (53.8%), E. coli (37.6%) and Streptococcus spp. (22.5%). Enterococcus spp. showed the highest resistance to tetracyclines (51.1% to 73.9%) and macrolides (46.5%). S. aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) showed the highest resistance to penicillin (28.4% and 40.2%, respectively), and three (3.2%) S. aureus and seven (3.3%) CNS were also methicillin-resistant. These data show the diverse prevalence and characteristics of major mastitis pathogens among factories, and support the development of strong monitoring and prevention programs of mastitis pathogens by commercial dairy operations.

scholarly journals Microbiological Study of Vaginal Microbiota and Endometrium in Women with Chronic Endometritis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 511-514
Author(s):  
Natalia Voropaeva ◽  
Lyudmila Lazareva ◽  
Irina Danusevich ◽  
Natalia Belkova ◽  
Uliana Nemchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Vaginal Microbiota ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chronic Endometritis ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Microbiological Study ◽  
Enterococcus Spp ◽  
Lactobacillus Spp

The research objective was to study the spectrum of the vagina and endometrium microorganisms in women with chronic endometritis (CE) in order to take adequate therapeutic measures. Methods and Results: We did a cross-sectional study in 47 women (average age of 35.38±5.19 years) with histologically confirmed CE. The vaginal microbiota and endometrial biopsies were assessed using microbiological research methods in accordance with the medical technology "Integral assessment of the state of the vaginal microbiota." To identify the share of different types of microorganisms in the structure of the biocenosis, the coefficient of constancy of the species (C) was used. Only 19% of patients had a titer of Lactobacillus spp. within the age norm, while the deficit was observed in 80% of women. Among the representatives of Enterobacteriaecae, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella aerogenes were sown, which are considered to be random species (C=11% and C=2.1%, respectively). The average titer for E. coli was 3.6±1.3 lg CFU/swab and for K. aerogenes - 2.14 lg CFU/swab. An atypical variant of E. coli with hemolytic properties was found in only one sample. All isolates of the genus Staphylococcus were also random species (C did not exceed 25%). Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) were detected in 7 patients (C=15%), while the average titer was 2.1±0.4 lg CFU/swab. S. aureus was isolated from only one patient at a titer of 5 lg CFU/swab. Corynebacterium spp. were isolated in 11% of cases (C = 11% - random species), in a titer of 3.2±0.8 lg CFU/swab. Enterococcus spp. also belonged to random species (C=23.4%). At the same time, E. faecalis was inoculated in 19% of cases and E. faecium was sown in 4.3%, the average titer of which was 3.1±0.9 and 5 lg CFU/swab. Streptococcus spp. were recorded in only one case at a concentration of 5 lg CFU/swab. Fungi of the Candida were isolated as a random species in 8.5% of cases. The growth of microorganisms in endometrial samples was obtained only in 3 examined women with CE (6.4% of cases). The endometrial microbiota were represented only by random species, for which the C index ranged from 2.1% to 4.3%. Conclusion: The microbiological study of the microbiota of vaginal discharge showed the presence of dysbiotic disorders with a significant deficiency of lactobacilli (80%) without the dominance of representatives of the Lactobacillus spp. In the structure of opportunistic microflora, Escherichia coli, coagulase-negative staphylococcus, Enterococcus spp., and E. faecalis prevailed as random species. Representatives of the microbiota in endometrial biopsies were identified only in 6.4% of cases, and are represented by random species.

scholarly journals Etiology of bloodstream infections at a population level during 2013-2017 in the Autonomous Community of Valencia, Spain

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 200-206
Author(s):  
Laura Ruiz-Azcona ◽  
Miguel Santibañez ◽  
Adelina Gimeno ◽  
Francisco Javier Roig ◽  
Hermelinda Vanaclocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Empirical Treatment ◽  
Autonomous Community ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Enterococcus Spp ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Selection Of

Introduction. Bloodstream Infections has become in one of the priorities for the antimicrobial stewardship teams due to their high mortality and morbidity rates. Usually, the first antibiotic treatment for this pathology must be empirical, without microbiology data about the microorganism involved. For this reason, the population studies about the etiology of bacteremia are a key factor to improve the selection of the empirical treatment, because they describe the main microorganisms associated to this pathology in each area, and this data could facilitate the selection of correct antibiotic therapy. Material and methods. This study describes the etiology of bloodstream infections in the Southeast of Spain. The etiology of bacteremia was analysed by a retrospective review of all age-ranged patients from every public hospital in the Autonomous Community of Valencia (approximately 5,000,000 inhabitants) for five years. Results. A total of 92,097 isolates were obtained, 44.5% of them were coagulase-negative staphylococci. Enterobacteriales was the most prevalent group and an increase in frequency was observed along the time. Streptococcus spp. were the second microorganisms more frequently isolated. Next, the most prevalent were Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus spp., both with a stable incidence along the study. Finally, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the fifth microorganism more frequently solated. Conclusions. These data constitute a useful tool that can help in the choice of empirical treatment for bloodstream infections, since the knowledge of local epidemiology is key to prescribe a fast and appropriate antibiotic therapy, aspect capital to improve survival.

scholarly journals Frequency of vancomycin-resistant Enterococci isolated from blood cultures from 2008 to 2010

2011 ◽  
Vol 64 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 481-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mira Mihajlovic-Ukropina ◽  
Deana Medic ◽  
Zora Jelesic ◽  
Vera Gusman ◽  
Biljana Milosavljevic
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Aminoglycoside Resistance ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci ◽  
Enterococcus Spp ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant ◽  
High Level

Introduction. Enterococci are important hospital-acquired pathogens. The most commonly isolated species of the genus, Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium are the third to fourth-most prevalent nosocomial pathogens worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of resistance to vancomycin and other antimicrobial agents of Enterococcus spp strains isolated from blood cultures of hospitalized patients. Material and methods. During the three-year period, from 2008 to 2010, 132 strains of Enterococcus spp isolated from blood cultures of hospitalized patients were tested for their susceptibility to ampicillin, vancomycin, gentamycin (high-level resistance), erythromycin, chloramphenicol, teicoplanin, ciprofloxacin by disc diffusion method according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute recommendations. Susceptibility of vancomycin resistant E. faecium to the same antibiotics and to linezolid, quinopristin/dalfopristin and tigecyclin was determined using VITEK system. Results and discussion. Resistance to vancomycin was detected in 21 (15.9%) Enterococcus spp strains. The percentage of resistance to other antimicrobial agents varied from 23.1% for chloramphenicol to 81.3% for ciproflxacin. All vancomycin resistant enterococci were identified as E. faecium and belonged to phenotype VanA. The resistance to other antibiotics was very high, except for linezolid and quinopristin/dalfopristin (4.7%). The high-level aminoglycoside resistance was 87.6% for gentamycin and 95.2% for streptomycin. All isolates were resistant to ampicillin, teicoplanin and ciprofloxacin. Conclusion. The detected high frequency of multidrug-resistant isolates among vancomycin resistant enterococci is of great importance and suggests the need for further monitoring of susceptibility in order to take adequate measures to prevent and control spreading of resistant strains.

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