Women's participation in high value agricultural commodity chains in Kenya: Strategies for closing the gender gap

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 228-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith Beatrice Auma Oduol ◽  
Dagmar Mithöfer ◽  
Frank Place ◽  
Eddah Nang'ole ◽  
John Olwande ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Gap ◽  
Commodity Chains ◽  
Agricultural Commodity ◽  
Women's Participation

Overcoming the Gender Gap: The Possibilities of Alignment between the Responsibility to Protect and the Women, Peace and Security Agenda

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Hewitt
Keyword(s):  
Gender Gap ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Responsibility To Protect ◽  
Warning Systems ◽  
Peace Processes ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
Peace And Security ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship

This article examines the relationship between the Women, Peace and Security (wps) agenda and the Responsibility to Protect (R2P). R2P remains ‘gender-blind’, inadequately addressing gender issues encompassed within the wps agenda. Currently, women are limited by gendered structural inequalities and marginalisation in conflict, where the wps agenda has failed to be incorporated in R2P and broader conflict mechanisms. I argue that the wps agenda and R2P are mutually beneficial and complementary in their protection mandates to enable lasting peace. I identify three common intersecting commitments of these two normative frameworks to provide a more holistic, gender-sensitive approach to conflict. These are prevention and early warning systems, protection and gender-sensitive peacekeeping, and women’s participation in peace processes. I conclude that identifying common areas of engagement could potentially effect positive changes for women and men on the ground in conflict prevention and protection, and post-conflict reconstruction.

Do Men and Women Have Different Policy Preferences in Africa? Determinants and Implications of Gender Gaps in Policy Prioritization

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 611-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Gottlieb ◽  
Guy Grossman ◽  
Amanda Lea Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Gender Gap ◽  
Social Vulnerability ◽  
Policy Preferences ◽  
Infrastructure Investment ◽  
Economic Empowerment ◽  
Formal Representation ◽  
Gender Gaps ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
Social Empowerment

Policies designed to increase women’s representation in Africa are often motivated by the assumption that men and women have different policy preferences. This article finds that gender differences in policy priorities are actually quite small on average, but vary significantly across policy domains and countries. The study leverages this variation to show that the economic and social empowerment of women influences the size of gender gaps in the prioritization of two important domains. In particular, women’s participation in the labor force – an indicator of economic empowerment – narrows the gender gap in the prioritization of infrastructure investment and access to clean water, while social vulnerability widens the gap on prioritizing infrastructure investment. Finally, the article shows that the places where women and men have the most divergent policy preferences – and thus where formal representation is most important – are precisely the places where women are currently the most poorly represented and least active in formal politics.

scholarly journals Alternatives to land grabbing: exploring conditions for smallholder inclusion in agricultural commodity chains in Southeast Asia

2019 ◽  
pp. 242-270
Author(s):  
Rob Cramb ◽  
Vongpaphane Manivong ◽  
Jonathan C. Newby ◽  
Kem Sothorn ◽  
Patrick S. Sibat
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Commodity Chains ◽  
Land Grabbing ◽  
Agricultural Commodity

scholarly journals KUOTA PEREMPUAN DI DPRD JAWA TENGAH PADA PEMILU 2014 DAN PEMILU 2019

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 124
Author(s):  
Hamidah Abdurrachman ◽  
Ratna Riyanti ◽  
Rahmad Agung Nugraha
Keyword(s):  
Gender Gap ◽  
House Of Representatives ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Female Representation ◽  
Election Result ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
Female Politicians ◽  
Election System ◽  
Practical Level

<p><em>Gender equality in Indonesian legislature has not yet reached its expected state. Despite numerous agreements, conventions, and affirmative actions that were taken so far to promote the agenda, the fact of the matter is that female politicians are still quite rare in Indonesian legislatures, compared to their male counterparts. Among some of the deciding factors that hinder women’s participation in politics, gender gap and transactional relationship in the election system are deemed to be the main ones. </em><em> </em><em>This article wants to address this problem by analysing the regulation of Indonesian general election and the way it affects female representation in regional Indonesian legislatures. Using a normative approach, this article will discuss secondary data through qualitative analysis. We have examined the number of female politicians in five regional House of Representatives in Central Java based on the election result of 2014 and 2019. Our findings showed that women's participation in those legislatures has not yet reached the 30% quota expected by the regulation. Based on this finding, we propose two necessary steps to attain the 30% quota goal. </em><em>T</em><em>he need of a political warrant in practical level for female politicians beyond political party legitimacy and number-ordering of their candidacies. </em><em></em></p>

scholarly journals Factors Influencing Women’s Decision to Study Computer Science: Is It Context Dependent?

10.28945/4296 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 127-141
Author(s):  
Sarah Genut ◽  
Bnaya Ori ◽  
Yifat Ben-David Kolikant
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Computer Science ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
The West ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Research Goal ◽  
Underrepresentation Of Women ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
Future Work

Aim/Purpose: Our research goal was to examine the factors that motivate women to enroll in Computer Science (CS) courses in order to better understand the small number of women in the field of CS. Background: This work is in line with the growing interest in better understanding the problem of the underrepresentation of women in the field of CS. Methodology: We focused on a college that differs in its high numbers of female CS students. The student population there consists mostly of religious Jews; some of them are Haredi, who, because of their unique lifestyle, are expected to be the breadwinners in their family. Following group interviews with 18 students, a questionnaire was administered to all the female students and 449 of them responded. We analyzed it statistically. We compared the responses of the Haredi and non-Haredi students. Contribution: The main contribution of this work lies in the idea that studying the factors underlying women’s presence in a CS program in unique communities and cultures, where women are equally represented in the field, might shed light on the nature of this phenomenon, especially whether it is universal or confined to the surrounding culture. Findings: There were significant differences between the Haredi and non-Haredi women regarding the importance they attributed to different factors. Haredi women resemble, regarding some social and economic variables, women in developing countries, but differ in others. The non-Haredi women are more akin to Western women, yet they did not completely overlap. Both groups value their family and career as the most important factors in their lives. These factors unify women in the West and in developing countries, though with different outcomes. In the West, it deters women from studying CS, whereas in Israel and in Malaysia, other factors can overcome this barrier. Both groups attributed low importance to the masculine image of CS, found important in the West. Hence, our findings support the hypothesis that women’s participation in the field of CS is culturally dependent. Recommendations for Practitioners: It is important to learn about the culture within which women operate in order to attract more women to CS. Recommendations for Researchers: Future work is required to examine other loci where women are underrepre-sented in CS, as well as how the insights obtained in this study can be utilized to decrease women’s underrepresentation in other loci. Impact on Society: Women's underrepresentation in CS is an important topic for both economic and social justice reasons. It raises questions regarding fairness and equality. In the CS field the gender pay gaps are smaller than in other professional areas. Thus, resolving the underrepresentation of women in CS will serve as a means to decrease the social gender gap in other areas.

scholarly journals Barreras, facilitadores y estrategias que influyen en la participación femenina en juntas directivas de federaciones deportivas chilenas (Barriers, facilitators and strategies that influence women's participation on boards of directors of Chilean sports

Retos ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 34-44
Author(s):  
Gerard Foppiano-Vilo ◽  
Carlos Matus-Castillo ◽  
Miguel Cornejo-Améstica
Keyword(s):  
Gender Gap ◽  
Cultural Change ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Boards Of Directors ◽  
Sports Management ◽  
Sports Organizations ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
Toma De Decisiones ◽  
Las Mujeres

  La brecha de género sobre la participación femenina en puestos de toma de decisiones está evidenciada en las organizaciones deportivas. Las juntas directivas de las Federaciones Deportivas chilenas no están ajenas a esta situación. Por ello, esta investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar barreras, facilitadores y estrategias que influyen en la participación y desarrollo de las mujeres en cargos directivos en las Federaciones Deportivas de Chile. El método fue de tipo cualitativo con enfoque descriptivo y, la técnica fue la entrevista personal mediante aplicación de un guion semi-estructurado de preguntas. Durante octubre y noviembre de 2020 se desarrollaron entrevistas virtuales a mujeres que formaban parte de juntas directivas de federaciones deportivas. El análisis se realizó mediante categorías de análisis y codificaciones empleando el software Atlas. Ti. Las barreras identificadas se asocian a situaciones familiares tales como el cuidado de miembros de la familia. También se reconoce la existencia de prejuicios asociados a estereotipos de género en las funciones que se desempeñan; subestimación de las opiniones femeninas y desarrollo de los cargos en ambientes masculinizados que invisibilizan a las mujeres. Como agentes facilitadores se identifica el soporte familiar; el tener una profesión, experiencia laboral y capacitación en gestión deportiva, junto con algunos aspectos de la personalidad de las dirigentes. Como estrategias se releva la necesidad de un cambio cultural al interior de las federaciones en torno a la participación femenina, implementar cuotas de participación por género y desarrollar programas de capacitación en liderazgo para las mujeres.  Abstract. The gender gap in female participation in decision-making positions is evident in sports organizations. The boards of directors of Chilean sports federations are no strangers to this situation. Therefore, the objective of this research was to determine barriers, facilitators and strategies that influence the participation and development of women in managerial positions in Chilean Sports Federations. The method was qualitative with a descriptive approach and the technique was the personal interview through the application of a semi-structured script of questions. During October and November 2020, virtual interviews were conducted with women who were members of the boards of directors of sports federations. The analysis was carried out through categories of analysis and coding using Atlas. Ti. The barriers identified are associated with family situations such as caring for family members. The existence of prejudices associated with gender stereotypes in the functions performed, underestimation of women's opinions and the development of positions in masculinized environments that make women invisible are also recognized. Family support is identified as facilitating agents, having a profession, work experience and training in sports management, together with some aspects of the leaders' personalities. As strategies, the need for a cultural change within the federations regarding women's participation, the implementation of participation quotas by gender and the development of leadership training programs for women were identified.

GENDER EQUALITY AND EMPOWERMENT OF ALBANIAN WOMEN IN REP. OF MACEDONIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 2443-2446
Author(s):  
Ibish Kadriu
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Public Life ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Economic Strengthening

In Macedonia, it is evident that gender equality is at a low level, Albanian women are still very little represented in social and political life, while measures to mitigate gender inequality have not yielded the expected outcomes, and it cannot be talked about the effectiveness of policies and programs to improve gender indicators. This paper, through the method of comparison and structured interview, aims to foster dialogue on the integration of gender equality in Macedonia, which means women's equal participation in the social, economic and political life of the country, equal opportunities to enjoy all rights and to put in service their individual potentials for the benefit of society. The objectives of this research are to: analyze the current situation of women in the Republic of Macedonia in the context of women's participation in politics and public life, its representation, identify opportunities including policies and institutions serving the gender equality as well as identify areas for intervention and recommend policies, programs and measures for problem solving and coping with challenges that represent gender equality and empowerment of Albanian women in this country. The reasons for the exclusion of Albanian women in public life are many, but more fundamental are traditions, way of life, and education of women and low employment percentage of Albanian women. There is no doubt that the use of open or closed lists of candidates, as well as their position on the list, plays a role. Research has shown that female counselors give more priority to issues related to health, social affairs, education and social infrastructure investments. However, women's involvement in politics and leading positions remains a challenge even though important steps have been taken to advance women's participation in political life, the gender gap remains a challenge for key political positions (ministerial and mayoral positions), and leading positions in governmental and public institutions. Women's economic strengthening is one of the priorities included in the national strategic documents on gender equality in the Republic of Macedonia adequately address this issue. However, different field analyzes and research show partial harmonization in limited access and contribution in terms of economic strengthening of women and girls.

Women's Employment in Turkey's ICT Sector

2022 ◽  
pp. 1064-1086
Author(s):  
Selda Gorkey
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Women's Employment ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Women’S Employment ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
Information And Communication

Women constitute one of the risk groups vulnerable to poverty; therefore, enabling their participation in the labor force is crucial to promoting social inclusion in a society. Employment in the information and communication technology (ICT) sector is widely known for being male-dominated, and recently women's participation has become an important subject. This chapter aims to examine women's employment in Turkey's ICT sector from 2009 to 2016, from a social inclusion perspective, by using various indicators. Comparisons with European Union (EU) countries provide perspective on tracking the progress of employment structure and education choices for ICT by gender. All indicators signify the existence of a gender gap resulting in low rates of inclusion of women in Turkey's ICT employment during the period. Examination of the reasons leads to making some policy recommendations to promote social inclusion of women in Turkey's ICT employment.

Surgical gender gap: a curriculum concordance and career vector perspective

2018 ◽  
Vol 94 (1115) ◽  
pp. 483-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Brown ◽  
Rhiannon L Harries ◽  
Tarig Abdelrahman ◽  
Charlotte Thomas ◽  
M John Pollitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Learning Curve ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
Attrition Rate ◽  
Attrition Rates ◽  
Time To Completion ◽  
Publication Number ◽  
Surgical Trainees ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
Academic Profiles

IntroductionWomen’s participation in medicine has increased dramatically during the last 50 years, yet Office for National Statistics data (2016) regarding annual pay continue to show an unequivocal 34% deficit in female doctors’ remuneration compared with their male counterparts. This study aimed to identify whether there are measurable differences in the training, career vectors and profiles of higher general surgical trainees (HSTs), related to gender.MethodThe Deanery roster supplemented with Intercollegiate Surgical Curriculum Programme and Scopus data was used to identify the profiles of 101 consecutive HSTs (38 women, 63 men, single UK deanery). Primary outcome measures were training programme attrition rate, time to completion of training and achievement of third level 4 competence (3L4C) in indicative operations. Secondary outcomes were publication number, citations and Hirsch Indices (HIs).ResultsAttrition rates were similar irrespective of gender (female n=3 (7.9%) vs male n=6 (9.5%), p=0.871). Training duration was on average 16 months longer in women (94 (72–134) months) than men (78 (72–112), p=0.002). Operative learning curve trajectories were similar; median operations required to achieve 3L4C was 380 (f) versus 410 (m, p=1.00). Academic profiles of men were stronger than women, specifically higher degrees; men (n=31, 83.8%), women (n=6, 16.2%, p=0.001); median (range) publication number 8 (0–57) versus 3 (0–38, p=0.003), citations 43 (0–1600) versus 9 (0–774, p=0.001), and HI 3 (0–26) versus 2 (0–12, p=0.002).ConclusionA complex variable gender gap was apparent related to time in training and academic profile, but not training attrition or operative learning curve trajectory.

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