Spatial and commercial evolution of aviation networks: a case study in mainland Portugal

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 383-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgar Jimenez ◽  
João Claro ◽  
Jorge Pinho de Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Mainland Portugal

Assessing the Efficiency and Distribution of Agricultural Activities Using DSS

2011 ◽  
pp. 288-316
Author(s):  
Helga Pereira ◽  
Luis C. Dias ◽  
Maria João Alves
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Linear Programming ◽  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Mainland Portugal ◽  
Analysis Methodology

This work describes the sequential use of different Information Systems and Decision Support Systems (DSS) to measure the efficiency of a set of agricultural activities, and subsequently to propose alternative reallocations of these activities within a geographical region. The region selected as a case study was Ribatejo e Oeste (RO), an important agrarian region in mainland Portugal. The DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) methodology was used to assess the efficiency of the most important agricultural activities in RO, using the Frontier Analyst DSS to study alternative modelling options. In a second phase, plans for redistributing the evaluated activities were studied, aiming at promoting the most efficient activities (according to DEA) but without creating at the same time drastic changes in current land uses. Several plans constituting different compromises between these two objectives were found using a multiobjective linear programming DSS. A Geographical Information System was used to constrain the areas that were adequate for each type of crop and to graphically illustrate some proposed plans.

scholarly journals Is Renewable Energy-Powered Desalination a Viable Solution for Water Stressed Regions? A Case Study in Algarve, Portugal

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 4651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gil Azinheira ◽  
Raquel Segurado ◽  
Mário Costa
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Mainland Portugal ◽  
Industry Standard ◽  
Viable Solution

With a severe seasonal concentration of precipitation and unevenly distributed water resources, the water supply in Portugal is under stress, and the problem is expected to increase with climate change. Water desalination is increasingly becoming the preferred solution to fight water scarcity, but, because it is energy-intensive, the underlying costs and sustainability concerns over the power sources chosen remain a challenge to its implementation. This study aims to assess if the introduction of renewable energy sources (RES) powered desalination in mainland Portugal is viable and can contribute to guarantee water security. The Portuguese Algarve region is a viable case study to be considered because it is particularly water stressed and subject to highly varying demographics depending on the season. Taking the region’s freshwater demand, hourly RES production and power demand, a cost analysis was performed in order to obtain the levelized cost of water (LCOW) for two different strategies (centralized and decentralized). Two models were developed to estimate the LCOW: a simplified model and a subsequent optimization model, minimizing electricity costs. The resulting LCOW of 72.66 c€/m3, obtained for the decentralized solution, fits within the industry standard rate despite being 61.3% higher than the estimated conventional water supply production cost.

scholarly journals Exploring Literary Landscapes: From Texts to Spatiotemporal Analysis through Collaborative Work and GIS

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Alves ◽  
Ana Isabel Queiroz
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
Relational Databases ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Collaborative Work ◽  
Literary Representations ◽  
Distant Reading ◽  
Mainland Portugal ◽  
Literary Landscapes ◽  
Portuguese Literature

This article argues that the study of literary representations of landscapes can be aided and enriched by the application of digital geographic technologies. As an example, the article focuses on the methods and preliminary findings of LITESCAPE.PT—Atlas of Literary Landscapes of Mainland Portugal, an on-going project that aims to study literary representations of mainland Portugal and to explore their connections with social and environmental realities both in the past and in the present. LITESCAPE.PT integrates traditional reading practices and ‘distant reading’ approaches, along with collaborative work, relational databases, and geographic information systems (GIS) in order to classify and analyse excerpts from 350 works of Portuguese literature according to a set of ecological, socioeconomic, temporal and cultural themes. As we argue herein this combination of qualitative and quantitative methods—itself a response to the difficulty of obtaining external funding—can lead to (a) increased productivity, (b) the pursuit of new research goals, and (c) the creation of new knowledge about natural and cultural history. As proof of concept, the article presents two initial outcomes of the LITESCAPE.PT project: a case study documenting the evolving literary geography of Lisbon and a case study exploring the representation of wolves in Portuguese literature.

scholarly journals The Impact of Tourism Activity on Coastal Biodiversity: A Case Study at Praia da Cova Redonda (Algarve—Portugal)

Environments ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
Leonel J. R. Nunes ◽  
Mauro A. M. Raposo ◽  
Carlos J. Pinto Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Mainland Portugal ◽  
Beach Tourism ◽  
Tourism Activity ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Main Activity ◽  
Tourist Region ◽  
The Impact

Tourism activity has a very significant weight in the world economy, even being the main activity responsible for the export of many countries, in the form of providing services to foreign citizens. In mainland Portugal, the main tourist region is the Algarve, where beach tourism, known as sun and sea tourism, plays a decisive role. However, this activity also has its negative impacts. In the present work, a case study was analyzed, at Praia da Cova Redonda, located in the parish of Porches, in the municipality of Lagoa. Negative impacts on land use and occupation were identified, caused by the excessive presence of people, the introduction of invasive species and the artificial filling of beaches. At the end, a set of mitigating measures are presented that aim to ensure that the exploitation of natural resources can be maintained, but in a perspective of preservation and recovery of natural resources and biodiversity.

The Rise and Fall of a Lisbon Family Business, 1710–1773: The Case of the House of Torres

Itinerario ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (01) ◽  
pp. 146-172
Author(s):  
João Paulo Salvado
Keyword(s):  
Family Business ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Competitive Bidding ◽  
The Political ◽  
Portuguese Empire ◽  
Mainland Portugal ◽  
Tax Farming ◽  
Risky Business

AbstractBy weaving the political economy of the Portuguese empire into business history, this article highlights the role of metropolitan and colonial tax farming in the rise and fall of an elite that dominated the business scene in both mainland Portugal and colonial Brazil between roughly 1730 and 1760. It takes the Torres family business as a case study and argues that, while tax farming undoubtedly represented an opportunity to accumulate private wealth, it was also a risky business. Adding to the irregularity of fiscal income, tax farming imposed strict rules on tax farmers, deriving from the legal framework for public finance, while the Crown's policy of seeking to maximize revenue through competitive bidding also increased the risks to which they were exposed. While being highly concentrated on tax farming in Portugal and the South Atlantic empire allowed the Torres family business to amass extraordinary wealth, it also proportionately increased the firm's exposure to those risks, which were then further compounded by a succession problem that eventually led to its demise.

The Genesis and Internal Dynamics of El Salvador's People's Revolutionary Army, 1970–1976

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (01) ◽  
pp. 102-129
Author(s):  
ALBERTO MARTÍN ÁLVAREZ ◽  
EUDALD CORTINA ORERO
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
El Salvador ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Internal Dynamics ◽  
Internal Coherence ◽  
The 1960S

AbstractUsing interviews with former militants and previously unpublished documents, this article traces the genesis and internal dynamics of the Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo (People's Revolutionary Army, ERP) in El Salvador during the early years of its existence (1970–6). This period was marked by the inability of the ERP to maintain internal coherence or any consensus on revolutionary strategy, which led to a series of splits and internal fights over control of the organisation. The evidence marshalled in this case study sheds new light on the origins of the armed Salvadorean Left and thus contributes to a wider understanding of the processes of formation and internal dynamics of armed left-wing groups that emerged from the 1960s onwards in Latin America.

Culture and the plasticity of perception

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Lifshitz ◽  
T. M. Luhrmann
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Sensory Experience ◽  
Cultural Learning ◽  
The World

Abstract Culture shapes our basic sensory experience of the world. This is particularly striking in the study of religion and psychosis, where we and others have shown that cultural context determines both the structure and content of hallucination-like events. The cultural shaping of hallucinations may provide a rich case-study for linking cultural learning with emerging prediction-based models of perception.

Dual systems for all: Higher-order, role-based relational reasoning as a uniquely derived feature of human cognition

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Povinelli ◽  
Gabrielle C. Glorioso ◽  
Shannon L. Kuznar ◽  
Mateja Pavlic
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Reasoning ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Important Case ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Relational Reasoning ◽  
Dual Systems ◽  
First Order ◽  
Reasoning System ◽  
Role Based

Abstract Hoerl and McCormack demonstrate that although animals possess a sophisticated temporal updating system, there is no evidence that they also possess a temporal reasoning system. This important case study is directly related to the broader claim that although animals are manifestly capable of first-order (perceptually-based) relational reasoning, they lack the capacity for higher-order, role-based relational reasoning. We argue this distinction applies to all domains of cognition.

Sociocultural memory development research drives new directions in gadgetry science

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Penny Van Bergen ◽  
John Sutton
Keyword(s):  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Autobiographical Memory ◽  
Developmental Psychology ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Memory Development ◽  
Development Research ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Cross Cultural Research

Abstract Sociocultural developmental psychology can drive new directions in gadgetry science. We use autobiographical memory, a compound capacity incorporating episodic memory, as a case study. Autobiographical memory emerges late in development, supported by interactions with parents. Intervention research highlights the causal influence of these interactions, whereas cross-cultural research demonstrates culturally determined diversity. Different patterns of inheritance are discussed.

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