A mathematical model for malaria transmission with asymptomatic carriers and two age groups in the human population

AIM: This paper aims to create a mathematical model for forecasting the morbidity of the population in the Republic of Bulgaria and the Stara Zagora Municipality in particular as a consequence of the atmospheric pollution.SUBJECTS AND METHODS: This model is based on a formula which determines the correlation between the average annual concentrations of atmospheric pollutants SO2, PM10, Pb aerosols, NO2 and H2S) and the morbidity of the population based on the number of people who visited their GPs in a relation with a chronic health problem or emergency condition and the number of hospitalisations in two age groups (newborn to 17 years olds and 18 and older) as well as for the entire population in the period 2009-2013, making it possible to predict morbidity levels.RESULTS: The expected morbidity level predictions based on the number of people who visited their GPs in Municipality are lower, while hospitalisation level predictions are higher. This model has been created and tested and is applicable in all residential areas.CONCLUSIONS: A new, very sensitive, mathematical model has been created and tested (average margin of error from 0.61% to 2.59%) and is applicable in all residential areas.

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Impact of Hygiene on Malaria Transmission Dynamics: A Mathematical Model

Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science ◽

10.47352/jmans.2774-3047.97 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Temidayo Oluwafemi ◽

Emmanuel Azuaba

Keyword(s):

Mathematical Model ◽

Malaria Transmission ◽

Basic Reproduction Number ◽

Human Population ◽

Reproduction Number ◽

Model System ◽

Transmission Dynamics ◽

The Impact ◽

Disease Free ◽

The Basic Reproduction Number

Malaria continues to pose a major public health challenge, especially in developing countries, 219 million cases of malaria were estimated in 89 countries. In this paper, a mathematical model using non-linear differential equations is formulated to describe the impact of hygiene on Malaria transmission dynamics, the model is analyzed. The model is divided into seven compartments which includes five human compartments namely; Unhygienic susceptible human population, Hygienic Susceptible Human population, Unhygienic infected human population , hygienic infected human population and the Recovered Human population and the mosquito population is subdivided into susceptible mosquitoes and infected mosquitoes . The positivity of the solution shows that there exists a domain where the model is biologically meaningful and mathematically well-posed. The Disease-Free Equilibrium (DFE) point of the model is obtained, we compute the Basic Reproduction Number using the next generation method and established the condition for Local stability of the disease-free equilibrium, and we thereafter obtained the global stability of the disease-free equilibrium by constructing the Lyapunov function of the model system. Also, sensitivity analysis of the model system was carried out to identify the influence of the parameters on the Basic Reproduction Number, the result shows that the natural death rate of the mosquitoes is most sensitive to the basic reproduction number.

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Concordance of Glucose-Based and of HbA1c-Based Diagnoses of Diabetes in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease—A Comparison between Two Age Groups

Diabetes ◽

10.2337/db18-1522-p ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽

pp. 1522-P

Author(s):

CHRISTOPH H. SAELY ◽

ALEXANDER VONBANK ◽

CHRISTINE HEINZLE ◽

DANIELA ZANOLIN ◽

BARBARA LARCHER ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Peripheral Artery Disease ◽

Age Groups ◽

Peripheral Artery ◽

Artery Disease ◽

Two Age Groups

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Foundation for the Prevention and Pathological Aspects of Diseases of the Mucous Membranes of the Oral Cavity (Review)

International Journal on Integrated Education ◽

10.31149/ijie.v3i6.392 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (6) ◽

pp. 8-11

Author(s):

Bakaev Zh. N.

Keyword(s):

Oral Cavity ◽

Rural Women ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Southern China ◽

Age Groups ◽

Urban Residents ◽

Volgograd Region ◽

Mucous Membranes ◽

The Russian Federation ◽

Two Age Groups

According to the authors, the prevalence of SOPR diseases is from 3 to 20%.In a study of 1573 residents of southern China in two age groups who use tobacco and alcohol, the incidence of SOPR was higher among men living in rural areas compared to urban residents. Among women aged 35-44 years, the incidence was higher in urban women, and in the 65-77-year-old group in rural women. In the course of studies in Brazil, among 335 patients older than 60 years, 646 diseases of the SOPR were identified. Similar results were obtained in the analysis of SOPR diseases in the Volgograd region of the Russian Federation

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Internet Sex discourse and porn viewing by Arab adolescents: The overt and the covert and its impact on their sexual education and behavior (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.11667 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Anat Gesser-Edelsburg ◽

Munawar Abed Elhadi

Keyword(s):

Age Groups ◽

Sexual Education ◽

The Internet ◽

Traditional Values ◽

Sexual Discourse ◽

Cultural Taboos ◽

Internet Sex ◽

And Behavior ◽

Depth Interviews ◽

Two Age Groups

BACKGROUND Due to the religious proscription, it was found that Arab youths acquire information and view pornography secretly. The internet exposes them to contents that contradict religious and cultural taboos. There are few studies about viewing habits of sexual contents among Arab adolescents and about the way they discuss sexuality. OBJECTIVE to characterize the barriers and difficulties that prevent sexual discourse in Arab society and enable pornography viewing, according to the perceptions of adolescents and mothers. METHODS phenomological qualitative research methods, in-depth interviews with 40 participants. 20 Arab adolescents, sampled by two age groups: 14-16 and 16-18. In addition, 20 mothers of adolescents from both sexes were interviewed. RESULTS The findings indicate that mothers “turn a blind eye” to porn viewing and sexual activity by boys, versus a sweeping prohibition and denial of such behavior by girls. The boys reported viewing porn routinely, whereas girls denied doing so, but admitted that their girlfriends watched porn. The study also found that the boys have guilt feelings during and after the viewing as a result of the clash between modernity and traditional values. CONCLUSIONS It is necessary to find a way to encourage a significant sexual discourse to prevent the violent consequences of its absence in Arab society. A controlled, transparent and critical sexual discourse could help youth make more informed decisions concerning the search for sexual contents, porn viewing and sexual behavior.

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Development and analysis of a malaria transmission mathematical model with seasonal mosquito life‐history traits

Studies in Applied Mathematics ◽

10.1111/sapm.12296 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 144 (4) ◽

pp. 389-411 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ramsés Djidjou‐Demasse ◽

Gbenga J. Abiodun ◽

Abiodun M. Adeola ◽

Joel O. Botai

Keyword(s):

Mathematical Model ◽

Life History ◽

Malaria Transmission ◽

Life History Traits

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A Reduced Dose Whole Virion Aluminum Adjuvanted Seasonal Influenza Vaccine Is Immunogenic, Safe, and Well Tolerated in Pediatric Patients

Viruses ◽

10.3390/v13030500 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 500

Author(s):

Zoltan Vajo ◽

Gergely Balaton ◽

Peter Vajo ◽

Peter Torzsa

Keyword(s):

Pediatric Patients ◽

Geometric Mean ◽

Age Groups ◽

Aluminum Phosphate ◽

Vaccine Virus ◽

Serious Adverse Events ◽

Reduced Dose ◽

Viral Hemagglutinin ◽

Virus Strains ◽

Two Age Groups

Background: Data suggest that pediatric patients might react differently to influenza vaccination, both in terms of immunity and side effects. We have recently shown that using a whole virion vaccine with aluminum phosphate adjuvants, reduced dose vaccines containing 6 µg of viral hemagglutinin (HA) per strain are immunogenic, and well tolerated in adult and elderly patients. Here we show the results of a multicenter clinical trial of pediatric patients, using reduced doses of a new, whole virion, aluminum phosphate adjuvanted vaccine (FluArt, Budapest, Hungary). Methods: A total of 120 healthy volunteers were included in two age groups (3–11 years, receiving 3 µg of HA per strain, and 12–18 years, receiving 6 µg of HA per strain). We used hemagglutination inhibition testing to assess immunogenicity, based on EMA and FDA licensing criteria, including post/pre-vaccination geometric mean titer ratios, seroconversion and seropositivity rates. Safety and tolerability were assessed using CHMP guidelines. Results: All subjects entered the study and were vaccinated (ITT population). All 120 subjects attended the control visit on Day 21 (PP population). All immunogenicity licensing criteria were met in both age groups for all three vaccine virus strains. No serious adverse events were detected and the vaccine was well tolerated by both age groups. Discussion: Using a whole virion vaccine and aluminum phosphate adjuvants, a reduction in the amount of the viral hemmaglutinin is possible while maintaining immunogenicity, safety and tolerability in pediatric and adolescent patients.

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How (not) to cross a boundary: Crosslinguistic influence in simultaneous bilingual children's event construal

Bilingualism Language and Cognition ◽

10.1017/s1366728921000298 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-13

Author(s):

Helen Engemann

Keyword(s):

Production Process ◽

Age Groups ◽

Boundary Crossing ◽

Bilingual Children ◽

Activation Patterns ◽

Motion Event ◽

Co Activation ◽

Crosslinguistic Influence ◽

Event Construal ◽

Two Age Groups

Abstract Simultaneous bilingual children sometimes display crosslinguistic influence (CLI), widely attested in the domain of morphosyntax. It remains less clear whether CLI affects bilinguals’ event construal, what motivates its occurrence and directionality, and how developmentally persistent it is. The present study tested predictions generated by the structural overlap hypothesis and the co-activation account in the motion event domain. 96 English–French bilingual children of two age groups and 96 age-matched monolingual English and French controls were asked to describe animated videos displaying voluntary motion events. Semantic encoding in main verbs showed bidirectional CLI. Unidirectional CLI affected French path encoding in the verbal periphery and was predicted by the presence of boundary-crossing, despite the absence of structural overlap. Furthermore, CLI increased developmentally in the French data. It is argued that these findings reflect highly dynamic co-activation patterns sensitive to the requirements of the task and to language-specific challenges in the online production process.

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