Genotypic diversity and antimicrobial resistance in asymptomatic Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium DT104

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel G. Perron ◽  
Sylvain Quessy ◽  
Ann Letellier ◽  
Graham Bell
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Genotypic Diversity

scholarly journals Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistances of Salmonella spp. Isolated from Wild Boars in Liguria Region, Italy

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 568
Author(s):  
Elisabetta Razzuoli ◽  
Valeria Listorti ◽  
Isabella Martini ◽  
Laura Migone ◽  
Lucia Decastelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Wild Boar ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Wild Boar Population ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Wild Boars ◽  
In The Wild

Salmonella spp. is an important zoonotic agent. Wild boars might host this pathogen in the intestinal tract and might represent a risk for Salmonella spp. transmission to humans. Wild boars are widely spread in Liguria, due to the environmental characteristics of the region. The aim of the study was the isolation, typing, and investigation of antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolated strains of Salmonella spp. During the 2013–2017 hunting seasons, 4335 livers of wild boars were collected and analyzed for the presence of Salmonella spp. A total of 260 strains of Salmonella spp. were isolated and characterized, with a prevalence of 6%. The isolated strains belonged to all six Salmonella enterica subspecies. Most of them were identified as Salmonella enterica subs. enterica of which 31 different serotypes were identified. The dominating serotype identified was S. Enteritidis. The antimicrobial resistance profiles of the isolated strains were analyzed against sixteen molecules. Of the isolated strains, 94.6% were resistant to at least one of the tested antimicrobials. This study showed the circulation of resistant Salmonella spp. strains in the wild boar population living in this area of Italy, underling the potential risk for these animals to disseminate this pathogen and its antimicrobial resistances.

scholarly journals Virulence and Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles of Salmonella enterica Serovars Isolated from Chicken at Wet Markets in Dhaka, Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 952
Author(s):  
Nure Alam Siddiky ◽  
Md Samun Sarker ◽  
Md. Shahidur Rahman Khan ◽  
Ruhena Begum ◽  
Md. Ehsanul Kabir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Native Chicken ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Native Chickens

Virulent and multi drug resistant (MDR) Salmonellaenterica is a foremost cause of foodborne diseases and had serious public health concern globally. The present study was undertaken to identify the pathogenicity and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles of Salmonellaenterica serovars recovered from chicken at wet markets in Dhaka, Bangladesh. A total of 870 cecal contents of broiler, sonali, and native chickens were collected from 29 wet markets. The overall prevalence of S. Typhimurium, S. Enteritidis, and untyped Salmonella spp., were found to be 3.67%, 0.57%, and 1.95% respectively. All isolates were screened by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for eight virulence genes, namely invA, agfA, IpfA, hilA, sivH, sefA, sopE, and spvC. S. Enteritidis isolates carried all virulence genes whilst S. Typhimurium isolates carried six virulence genes except sefA and spvC. A diverse phenotypic and genotypic AMR pattern was found. Harmonic descending trends of resistance patterns were observed among the broiler, sonali, and native chickens. Interestingly, virulent and MDR Salmonella enterica serovars were found in native chicken, although antimicrobials were not used in their production cycle. The research findings anticipate that virulent and MDR Salmonella enterica are roaming in the wet markets which can easily anchor to the vendor, consumers, and in the food chain.

scholarly journals Multidrug Antimicrobial Resistance and Molecular Detection of mcr-1 Gene in Salmonella Species Isolated from Chicken

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 206
Author(s):  
Md Bashir Uddin ◽  
S.M. Bayejed Hossain ◽  
Mahmudul Hasan ◽  
Mohammad Nurul Alam ◽  
Mita Debnath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Analysis ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Evolutionary Relationship ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Gram Negative

Colistin (polymyxin E) is widely used in animal and human medicine and is increasingly used as one of the last-resort antibiotics against Gram-negative bacilli. Due to the increased use of colistin in treating infections caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, resistance to this antibiotic ought to be monitored. The study was undertaken to elucidate the molecular mechanisms, genetic relationships and phenotype correlations of colistin-resistant isolates. Here, we report the detection of the mcr-1 gene in chicken-associated Salmonella isolates in Bangladesh and its in-silico functional analysis. Out of 100 samples, 82 Salmonella spp. were isolated from chicken specimens (liver, intestine). Phenotypic disc diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay using different antimicrobial agents were performed. Salmonella isolates were characterized using PCR methods targeting genus-specific invA and mcr-1 genes with validation for the functional analysis. The majority of the tested Salmonella isolates were found resistant to colistin (92.68%), ciprofloxacin (73.17%), tigecycline (62.20%) and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (60.98%). When screened using PCR, five out of ten Salmonella isolates were found to carry the mcr-1 gene. One isolate was confirmed for Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Enteritidis, and other four isolates were confirmed for Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis revealed a divergent evolutionary relationship between the catalytic domain of Neisseria meningitidis lipooligosaccharide phosphoethanolamine transferase A (LptA) and MCR proteins, rendering them resistant to colistin. Three-dimensional homology structural analysis of MCR-1 proteins and molecular docking interactions suggested that MCR-1 and LptA share a similar substrate binding cavity, which could be validated for the functional analysis. The comprehensive molecular and in-silico analyses of the colistin resistance mcr-1 gene of Salmonella spp. of chicken origin in the present study highlight the importance of continued monitoring and surveillance for antimicrobial resistance among pathogens in food chain animals.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial susceptibility and diarrheagenic diagnosis of Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica isolated from feral pigeons (Columba livia) captured in Fortaleza, Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (11) ◽  
pp. 2150-2154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruben V. Horn ◽  
Windleyanne G.A. Bezerra ◽  
Elisângela S. Lopes ◽  
Régis S.C. Teixeira ◽  
Isaac N.G. Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Columba Livia ◽  
Susceptibility Test ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Feral Pigeons

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to isolate Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica from captured feral pigeons in Fortaleza, Brazil, and, in addition to evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility profiles and diagnose diarrheagenic E. coli strains. Pigeons were captured in four public locations in Fortaleza with three techniques. Individual cloacal swab samples were collected and submitted to bacterial isolation, biochemical identification and antimicrobial susceptibility test. Disk diffusion technique was used with twelve antibiotics. E. coli strains were submitted to DNA extraction followed by PCR to diagnose five diarrheagenic pathotypes. A total of 124 birds were captured. One bird was positive for Salmonella enterica (0.81%) and 121 (97.58%) were positive for E. coli. Among these, 110 isolates were submitted to antimicrobial susceptibility test and 28.18% (31/110) presented resistance to at least one antibiotic. Resistance to azithromycin was the most frequent (21.82%), followed by tetracycline (10.91%) and sulfamethoxazole with trimethoprim (8.9%). Multidrug resistance, calculated as a resistance to at least 3 antimicrobial classes, was identified in 3.64% (4/110) of strains. The maximum number of antimicrobial classes to which one strain was resistant was seven. Results demonstrated nine different resistance profiles and the most frequent was tetracycline and sulfamethoxazole with trimethoprim (4 strains), followed by chloramphenicol, azithromycin, tetracycline and sulfamethoxazole with trimethoprim (3 strains). Amoxicillin with clavulanic acid and tobramycin presented lowest levels of antimicrobial resistance, to which none of the tested strains were resistant. A single strain was positive for the eltB gene, which is a diagnostic tool to identify the Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) pathotype. None of the other investigated genes (stx1, stx2, estA, eaeA, ipaH, aatA and aaiC) were identified. The single isolate of S. enterica was a rough strain of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica, but serotype identification was not possible. However, this isolate presented resistance to amoxicillin, amoxicillin with clavulanic acid, tetracycline and sulfamethoxazole with trimethoprim. Therefore, captured feral pigeons of Fortaleza presented a low prevalence of S. enterica and diarrheagenic E. coli. Considering the investigated pathogens, our results suggest a good health status and a low public health risk. However, important antimicrobial resistance profiles were identified.

Antimicrobial Resistance in Fecal Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica from Dairy Calves: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayley R. Springer ◽  
Thomas N. Denagamage ◽  
Ginger D. Fenton ◽  
Bradd J. Haley ◽  
Jo Ann S. Van Kessel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Dairy Calves

scholarly journals Detection of colistin resistance mcr-1 gene in Salmonella enterica serovar Rissen isolated from mussels, Spain, 2012­ to 2016

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Lozano-Leon ◽  
Carlos Garcia-Omil ◽  
Jacobo Dalama ◽  
Rafael Rodriguez-Souto ◽  
Jaime Martinez-Urtaza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Monitoring Programme ◽  
Colistin Resistance ◽  
North West ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes

Nineteen Salmonella strains were isolated from 5,907 randomly selected mussel samples during a monitoring programme for the presence of Salmonella in shellfish in Galicia, north-west Spain (2012–16). Serovars, sequence type and antimicrobial resistance genes were determined through genome sequencing. Presence of the mcr-1 gene in one strain belonging to serovar Rissen and ST-469 was identified. The mcr-1 gene had not been isolated previously in environmental Salmonella isolated from mussels in Spain.

scholarly journals Genotypic characterization of antibiotic-resistant Salmonella Enteritidis isolates in Dakar, Senegal

2007 ◽  
Vol 1 (03) ◽  
pp. 284-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Gassama Sow ◽  
Abdoul Aziz Wane ◽  
Mamadou Hadi Diallo ◽  
Cheikh Saad-Bouh Boye ◽  
Awa Aïdara-Kane
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Data Bank ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Conjugative Plasmid ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Salmonella Enterica Serovar Enteritidis

Background: It is well established that Salmonella enterica is a major cause of food-borne disease worldwide. In Africa, according to the Who Global Salm-Surv country data bank from 2000 to 2002 Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis was the most common serotype involved in human salmonellosis. In Dakar this serotype of Salmonella has been reported as a frequent and an increasing cause of human infection. Methodology: The genetic determinants of the antimicrobial resistance of 25 selected multiresistant strains of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis referred to the National Reference Center for Enterobacteria (NRCE) in Dakar were investigated using molecular techniques. Results: All strains carried blaTEM 1 genes. Five harboured three types of class 1 integrons with gene cassettes dfrA15, dfrA1-aadA1 and dfrA7. Multiresistance was due to a 23 Kb conjugative plasmid. DNA fingerprinting by macrorestriction of genomic DNA revealed a single related group suggesting that strains might be clonal. Conclusions: The spread of resistance genes through plasmid transfer plays an important role in the dissemination of antibiotic resistance in enteric pathogens such as Salmonella Enteritidis; the risk of transmissibility of antibiotic resistance between different bacterial strains highlights the urgent need to develop strategies to limit the spread of antimicrobial resistance among bacterial enteropathogens.

scholarly journals Serotype Diversity and Antimicrobial Resistance amongSalmonella entericaIsolates from Patients at an Equine Referral Hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 84 (13) ◽  
pp. e02829-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. M. Leon ◽  
S. D. Lawhon ◽  
K. N. Norman ◽  
D. S. Threadgill ◽  
N. Ohta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Whole Genome Sequencing ◽  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Common Serotypes

ABSTRACTAlthoughSalmonella entericacan produce life-threatening colitis in horses, certain serotypes are more commonly associated with clinical disease. Our aim was to evaluate the proportional morbidity attributed to different serotypes, as well as the phenotypic and genotypic antimicrobial resistance (AMR) ofSalmonellaisolates from patients at an equine referral hospital in the southern United States. A total of 255Salmonellaisolates was obtained from clinical samples of patients admitted to the hospital between 2007 and 2015. Phenotypic resistance to 14 antibiotics surveilled by the U.S. National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System was determined using a commercially available panel. Whole-genome sequencing was used to identify serotypes and genotypic AMR. The most common serotypes wereSalmonella entericaserotype Newport (18%),Salmonella entericaserotype Anatum (15.2%), andSalmonella entericaserotype Braenderup (11.8%). Most (n= 219) of the isolates were pansusceptible, while 25 were multidrug resistant (≥3 antimicrobial classes). Genes encoding beta-lactam resistance, such asblaCMY-2,blaSHV-12,blaCTX-M-27, andblaTEM-1B, were detected. TheqnrB2 andaac(6′)-Ib-crgenes were present in isolates with reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin. Genes encoding resistance to gentamicin (aph(3′)-Ia,aac(6′)-IIc), streptomycin (strA andstrB), sulfonamides (sul1), trimethoprim (dfrA), phenicols (catA), tetracyclines [tet(A) andtet(E)], and macrolides [ere(A)] were also identified. The main predicted incompatibility plasmid type was I1 (10%). Core genome-based analyses revealed phylogenetic associations between isolates of common serotypes. The presence of AMRSalmonellain equine patients increases the risk of unsuccessful treatment and causes concern for potential zoonotic transmission to attending veterinary personnel, animal caretakers, and horse owners. Understanding the epidemiology ofSalmonellain horses admitted to referral hospitals is important for the prevention, control, and treatment of salmonellosis.IMPORTANCEIn horses, salmonellosis is a leading cause of life-threatening colitis. At veterinary teaching hospitals, nosocomial outbreaks can increase the risk of zoonotic transmission, lead to restrictions on admissions, impact hospital reputation, and interrupt educational activities. The antimicrobials most often used in horses are included in the 5th revision of the World Health Organization's list of critically important antimicrobials for human medicine. Recent studies have demonstrated a trend of increasing bacterial resistance to drugs commonly used to treatSalmonellainfections. In this study, we identify temporal trends in the distribution ofSalmonellaserotypes and their mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance; furthermore, we are able to determine the likely origin of several temporal clusters of infection by using whole-genome sequencing. These data can be used to focus strategies to better contain the dissemination and enhance the mitigation ofSalmonellainfections and to provide evidence-based policies and guidelines to steward antimicrobial use in veterinary medicine.

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