Abscisic acid-mimicking ligand AMF4 induced cold tolerance in wheat by altering the activities of key carbohydrate metabolism enzymes

2020 ◽  
Vol 157 ◽  
pp. 284-290
Author(s):  
Huawei Li ◽  
Shuxin Li ◽  
Zongshuai Wang ◽  
Shengqun Liu ◽  
Rong Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Metabolism Enzymes

scholarly journals Effect of Exogenous Gibberellin, Paclobutrazol, Abscisic Acid, and Ethrel Application on Bulblet Development in Lycoris radiata

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junxu Xu ◽  
Qingzhu Li ◽  
Ye Li ◽  
Liuyan Yang ◽  
Yongchun Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Starch Synthesis ◽  
Soluble Starch ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Metabolism Enzymes ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Lycoris Radiata ◽  
Bulblet Development

Lycoris species have great ornamental and medicinal values; however, their low regeneration efficiency significantly restricts their commercial production. Exogenous hormone application is an effective way to promote bulblet development, but their effect on Lycoris radiata has not been verified to date. In the present study, we examined the effect of different exogenous hormones on bulblet development in L. radiata, and found that gibberellic acid (GA) significantly inhibited, whereas paclobutrazol (PBZ), abscisic acid (ABA), and ethrel promoted bulblet development, especially PBZ, a GA biosynthesis inhibitor. Furthermore, GA reduced endogenous cytokinin (CK) content, as well as the activities of carbohydrate metabolism enzymes, including sucrose synthase (SUS) and glucose-1-phosphate adenylyltransferase (AGPase), by downregulating the expression levels of LrSUS1, LrSUS2, and genes encoding AGPase large and small subunits. This resulted in the decrease in carbohydrate accumulation in the bulblets, thus hindering their development. PBZ had the opposite effect to GA on carbohydrate metabolism; it decreased endogenous GA15 and GA24, thereby promoting bulblet development. ABA promoted endogenous auxin content and the activities of starch synthesis enzymes, especially soluble starch synthase (SSS) and granule-bound SS (GBSS), through the up-regulation of the expression levels of LrSS1, LrSS2, and LrGBSS1 genes, which could also result in the accumulation of carbohydrates in the bulblets and promote their development. In addition, ethrel application partly promoted bulblet development by promoting endogenous CK content. Although the accumulation of carbohydrates and the activity of starch enzymes were increased by ethrel treatment, we hypothesized that the effect of ethrel on regulating carbohydrate metabolism may be indirect. Our results could provide a basis for improving the propagation efficiency of L. radiata for production, as well as propose some directions for future research.

Involvement of WRKY Transcription Factors in Abscisic-Acid-Induced Cold Tolerance of Banana Fruit

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (18) ◽  
pp. 3627-3635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong-lan Luo ◽  
Liang-jie Ba ◽  
Wei Shan ◽  
Jian-fei Kuang ◽  
Wang-jin Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Banana Fruit ◽  
Wrky Transcription Factors

scholarly journals Activity of Energy and Carbohydrate Metabolism Enzymes in the Juvenile Pink Salmon Oncorhynchus gorbuscha (Walb.) during the Transition from Freshwater to a Marine Environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 546-554
Author(s):  
M. V. Churova ◽  
N. S. Shulgina ◽  
M. Yu. Krupnova ◽  
D. A. Efremov ◽  
N. N. Nemova
Keyword(s):  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Marine Environment ◽  
Pentose Phosphate Pathway ◽  
Anaerobic Metabolism ◽  
Pink Salmon ◽  
Atp Synthesis ◽  
Pentose Phosphate ◽  
Oncorhynchus Gorbuscha ◽  
Biochemical Adaptation ◽  
Metabolism Enzymes

Abstract Biochemical adaptations of energy metabolism and some pathways of glucose oxidation during a change in salinity of the environment in larvae and smolts of the pink salmon Oncorhynchus gorbuscha (Walb.) inhabiting the White Sea were studied. We assayed the activity of energy and carbohydrate metabolism enzymes (cytochrome c oxidase (COХ), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), 1-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase (1-GPDH), and aldolase) in pink salmon larvae in a short-term aquarium experiment and in pink salmon smolts in a long-term cage experiment simulating the transition of juveniles from freshwater to a marine environment. A decrease in the activity of COX, LDH, 1‑GPDH, and aldolase already in the first hour after the transfer of larvae to seawater was shown. Smolts kept in the estuary and in the sea had low levels of activity of 1-GPDH and aldolase in comparison with individuals from the river. Most likely, in the salmon juveniles studied, there was a redistribution of carbohydrates between the reactions of aerobic and anaerobic metabolism in favor of anaerobic ATP synthesis. No changes in the enzyme activity of the pentose phosphate pathway, G-6-PDH, were found in either larvae or smolts compared with the individuals kept in freshwater. Maintenance of the required levels of anaerobic metabolism and of the pentose phosphate pathway is probably one of the mechanisms of biochemical adaptation of pink salmon to changes in salinity.

scholarly journals The Crosstalk of Melatonin and Hydrogen Sulfide Determines Photosynthetic Performance by Regulation of Carbohydrate Metabolism in Wheat under Heat Stress

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noushina Iqbal ◽  
Mehar Fatma ◽  
Harsha Gautam ◽  
Shahid Umar ◽  
Adriano Sofo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽  
Time Duration ◽  
H2o2 Content ◽  
Metabolism Enzymes ◽  
Regulation Of Carbohydrate Metabolism

Photosynthesis is a pivotal process that determines the synthesis of carbohydrates required for sustaining growth under normal or stress situation. Stress exposure reduces the photosynthetic potential owing to the excess synthesis of reactive oxygen species that disturb the proper functioning of photosynthetic apparatus. This decreased photosynthesis is associated with disturbances in carbohydrate metabolism resulting in reduced growth under stress. We evaluated the importance of melatonin in reducing heat stress-induced severity in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants. The plants were subjected to 25 °C (optimum temperature) or 40 °C (heat stress) for 15 days at 6 h time duration and then developed the plants for 30 days. Heat stress led to oxidative stress with increased production of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content and reduced accrual of total soluble sugars, starch and carbohydrate metabolism enzymes which were reflected in reduced photosynthesis. Application of melatonin not only reduced oxidative stress through lowering TBARS and H2O2 content, augmenting the activity of antioxidative enzymes but also increased the photosynthesis in plant and carbohydrate metabolism that was needed to provide energy and carbon skeleton to the developing plant under stress. However, the increase in these parameters with melatonin was mediated via hydrogen sulfide (H2S), as the inhibition of H2S by hypotaurine (HT; H2S scavenger) reversed the ameliorative effect of melatonin. This suggests a crosstalk of melatonin and H2S in protecting heat stress-induced photosynthetic inhibition via regulation of carbohydrate metabolism.

scholarly journals OsWRKY45 alleles play different roles in abscisic acid signalling and salt stress tolerance but similar roles in drought and cold tolerance in rice

2011 ◽  
Vol 62 (14) ◽  
pp. 4863-4874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeng Tao ◽  
Yanjun Kou ◽  
Hongbo Liu ◽  
Xianghua Li ◽  
Jinghua Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Salt Stress Tolerance

scholarly journals The Crosstalk of Melatonin and Hydrogen Sulfide Determines Photosynthetic Performance by Regulation of Carbohydrate Metabolism in Wheat under Heat Stress

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noushina Iqbal ◽  
Mehar Fatma ◽  
Harsha Gautam ◽  
Shahid Umar ◽  
Adriano Sofo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽  
Time Duration ◽  
H2o2 Content ◽  
Metabolism Enzymes ◽  
Regulation Of Carbohydrate Metabolism

Photosynthesis is a pivotal process that determines the synthesis of carbohydrates required for sustaining growth under normal or stress situation. Stress exposure reduces the photosynthetic potential owing to the excess synthesis of reactive oxygen species that disturb the proper functioning of photosynthetic apparatus. This decreased photosynthesis is associated with disturbances in carbohydrate metabolism resulting in reduced growth under stress. We evaluated the importance of melatonin in reducing heat stress-induced severity in wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L.). The plants were subjected to 25 ˚C (optimum temperature) or 40 ˚C (heat stress) for 15 days at 6 hours time duration and then developed the plants for 30 days. Heat stress led to oxidative stress with increased production of TBARS and H2O2 content and reduced accrual of total soluble sugars, starch and carbohydrate metabolism enzymes which are reflected in reduced photosynthesis. Application of melatonin not only reduced oxidative stress through lowering TBARS and H2O2 content, through augmenting the activity of antioxidative enzymes but also increased the photosynthesis in plant and carbohydrate metabolism that is needed to provide energy and carbon skeleton to the developing plant under stress. However, the increase in these parameters with melatonin was mediated via hydrogen sulfide (H2S), as the inhibition of H2S by hypotaurine (HT; H2S inhibitor) reversed the ameliorative effect of melatonin. This suggests a crosstalk of melatonin and H2S in protecting heat stress-induced photosynthetic inhibition via regulation of carbohydrate metabolism.

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