X-ray and terahertz imaging as non-destructive techniques for defects detection in nanocomposites foam-core sandwich panels containing carbon nanotubes

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 ◽  
pp. 106084 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iman Taraghi ◽  
Przemyslaw Lopato ◽  
Sandra Paszkiewicz ◽  
Elżbieta Piesowicz
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Sandwich Panels ◽  
Terahertz Imaging ◽  
Foam Core ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Non Destructive Techniques

scholarly journals Study of Iron Gall Inks, Ingredients and Paper Composition Using Non-Destructive Techniques

Heritage ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 2691-2703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Corregidor ◽  
Rita Viegas ◽  
Luís M. Ferreira ◽  
Luís C. Alves
Keyword(s):  
Structural Information ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Crystallinity Index ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Paper Degradation ◽  
Iron Gall ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Non Destructive Techniques

Old manuscripts are among the most important elements of the cultural and historical heritage of ancient knowledge. Unfortunately, many of them suffer from degradation, mostly those written with iron gall inks. In the present work, a study using non-destructive techniques was designed with the aim of analyzing the elemental composition and structural characteristics of iron gall inks, reproduced in laboratory, paper and their interaction when the ink is deposited on paper, inducing the paper degradation. Proton induced X-ray emission, X-ray diffraction and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy provided the elemental and structural information, and photography under infrared (IR) and ultraviolet (UV) light allowed the differentiation between manufactured inks. Results show that the first step of inked paper deterioration is due to acid-hydrolysis of the cellulose and the presence of reactive Fe(II) species by reducing the crystallinity index of the paper, which is affected depending on the ink recipe and the starting raw materials. These results will be useful to future studies on ancient documents written with iron gall inks, which suffer deterioration due to ink corrosion, and to differentiate between the different paper degradation mechanisms.

Development of Advanced Non Destructive Techniques for Failure Analysis of PCBs and PCBAs

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julien Perraud ◽  
Shaïma Enouz-Vedrenne ◽  
Jean-Claude Clement ◽  
Arnaud Grivon
Keyword(s):  
Failure Analysis ◽  
Printed Circuit Board ◽  
Acoustic Microscopy ◽  
Circuit Board ◽  
Printed Circuit Board Assembly ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Printed Circuit ◽  
Advanced Analysis ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Non Destructive Techniques

Abstract The continuous miniaturization trends followed by a vast majority of electronic applications results in always denser PCBs (Printed Circuit Board) designs and PCBAs (Printed Circuit Board Assembly) with increasing solder joint densities. Current high-end designs feature high layer count sequential build-up PCBs with fine lines/spaces and numerous stacked filled microvias, as well as closely spaced BGA/QFN components with pitches down to 0.4mm. In recent years, several 3D packaging approaches have emerged to further increase system integration by enabling the stacking of several dies or packages. This has translated for example into the advent of highly integrated complex System in Package (SiP) modules, Package-on-Package (PoP) assemblies or chips embedded in PCBs [1]. From a failure analysis (FA) perspective, this deep technology evolution is setting extreme challenges for accurately locating a failure site, especially when destructive techniques are not desired. The few conventional non-destructive techniques like optical or x-ray inspection are now practically becoming useless for high density PCB designs. This paper reviews several advanced analysis techniques that could be used to overcome these limitations. It will be shown through several examples how three non-destructive methods usually dedicated to package analyses can be efficiently adapted to PCBs and PCBAs: • Scanning Acoustic Microscopy (SAM) • 3D X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) • Infrared Thermography A case study of a flex-rigid board FA is presented to show the efficiency of these three techniques over classical techniques. In this example, not only the defect localization has been possible, but also the defect characterization without using destructive analysis.

An Elemental Analysis of Different CD-R discs

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 752-756
Author(s):  
Amir Pishkoo
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Elemental Analysis ◽  
Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry ◽  
Major And Trace Elements ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
Rutherford Backscattering ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Non Destructive Techniques

In this study Proton Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) and Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry (RBS) as reliable and non-destructive techniques has been applied to compare thickness, major and trace elements of different brands of CD-R discs. Three elements, namely Ag, Ba, and Ti were found to be the major elements.

scholarly journals Brief Review on Experimental and Computational Techniques for Characterization of Cellular Metals

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Duarte ◽  
Thomas Fiedler ◽  
Lovre Krstulović-Opara ◽  
Matej Vesenjak
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Acoustic Properties ◽  
Computational Techniques ◽  
Numerical Techniques ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Computed ◽  
Cellular Metals ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Non Destructive Techniques

The paper presents a brief review of the main experimental and numerical techniques and standards to investigate and quantify the structural, mechanical, thermal, and acoustic properties of cellular metals. The potential of non-destructive techniques, such as X-ray computed tomography and infrared thermography are also presented.

Methodology for Measurement of Residual Stress in Welded Joints by the Technique of Pulse-Echo Ultrasound

2014 ◽  
Vol 1616 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ballesteros-Hinojosa ◽  
J.J. Ruíz- Mondragón ◽  
J. Acevedo-Dávila ◽  
F. Macias-Lopez
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Ultrasound Technique ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X65 Steel ◽  
Api 5L X65 Steel ◽  
Pulse Echo ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Non Destructive Techniques

ABSTRACTRecently they have discovered a large number of oil wells, however these are found in deeper waters. So it is necessary to develop a repair's methodology and inspection for this type of system to prove its operation. This research was focused to establish a methodology for evaluating residual stress generated from the application of solder in a subsea environment, in order to establish whether there is a relationship between residual stress and the depth of the sea. For this purpose was used underwater electrodes (UW -CS- 1) and an API 5L X65 steel to the development of underwater welds, which was welded at 10 and 15 meters depth by a diver welder on site. The measurement of residual stress is developed using non-destructive techniques, the first one was ultrasound technique (UT) which was the technique proposed by viability to being applied in site and as a second option, was applied X-ray diffraction (XRD), with the objective to validate the results obtained by ultrasound technician. The results showed a similar behavior between both non-destructive techniques. In this study was observed the tendency to increase the level of residual stress with increasing the work depth.

CT scanning, X-ray fluorescence: Non-destructive techniques for the identification of sedimentary facies and structures

2020 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 100410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandros Emmanouilidis ◽  
Gerasimos Messaris ◽  
Epameinondas Ntzanis ◽  
Petros Zampakis ◽  
Ioannis Prevedouros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Sedimentary Facies ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Non Destructive Techniques

scholarly journals First Osteosarcoma Reported from a New World Elapid Snake and Review of Reptilian Bony Tumors

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander S. Hall ◽  
Justin L. Jacobs ◽  
Eric N. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
New World ◽  
Vascular Tissue ◽  
South American ◽  
Museum Collections ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Underlying Causes ◽  
X Ray Computed ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Non Destructive Techniques

AbstractCancer chiefly occurs in vertebrates. Rare in amphibians, and perhaps common in reptiles, various neoplasms and malignant cancers have been reported with erratic frequency by museums, paleontologists, veterinarians, and pet hobbyists. Unsurprisingly, most herpetofaunal diversity has never been systematically surveyed for the presence of neoplasms owing to the extreme rarity or obscurity of many species. Museum collections can fill these gaps in knowledge, especially when researchers use non-destructive techniques. In this study, we used X-ray computed tomography to discover and characterize an osteosarcoma of the spine in a rare South American coralsnake, Micrurus ancoralis. Two spinal vertebrae were completely fused and adjacent vertebrae showed evidence of corruption. The fused vertebrae contained a hollow inner network thought to be vascular tissue. We also review previous reports of tumors in the Elapidae and all bony tumors in non-avian reptiles. The rarely reported technique of X-ray CT for tumor discovery could greatly improve our understanding of the species diversity and perhaps underlying causes of neoplasia.

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