Membership in voluntary organizations and democratic performance: European post-Communist countries in comparative perspective

2009 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolay Valkov
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Voluntary Associations ◽  
Regime Type ◽  
General Level ◽  
Voluntary Organizations ◽  
Democratic Performance ◽  
The One ◽  
Communist Countries ◽  
The Relationship

The article challenges the hypothesis that there is cohabitation of civic engagement and democratic institutions and practices. While valid at a general level, the relationship is not confirmed once it is scrutinized thoroughly and heterogeneous categories are disaggregated. For the European post-Communist cases, the pattern of the relationship between the regime type and the propensity to associate closely resembles the one in Latin mature democracies and non-authoritarian countries, provided that voluntary associations are chosen as measurements of vitality of social capital and robustness of civil society. A possible consequence of this provocative finding would be re-evaluating the well-established concepts in social sciences.

Social Capital and the Development of Political Support in Europe

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Hooghe ◽  
Anna Kern
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Basic Assumption ◽  
Voluntary Associations ◽  
Political Trust ◽  
European Social Survey ◽  
Political Support ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
The One ◽  
Democratic Norms

This chapter evaluates the claim that the decline of legitimacy is due to a decline of social capital. The idea that voluntary associations play an important role in establishing social cohesion and political support is a traditional insight in the field of political sociology. The basic assumption is that voluntary associations function as a training ground for democracy, where citizens involved acquire democratic norms and skills that they subsequently apply in their relation with the political system. If this argument is correct, political support should be at least partly influenced by citizens’ participation in civil society organizations. Using European Social Survey data from 2006 and 2012 the authors demonstrate that there is a clear and significant correlation between social involvement on the one hand and satisfaction with the working of democracy and political trust on the other, which largely survives the introduction of a range of control variables.

scholarly journals Cooperatives and Social Capital: A Narrative Literature Review and Directions for Future Research

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 534
Author(s):  
Isabel Saz-Gil ◽  
Ignacio Bretos ◽  
Millán Díaz-Foncea
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Agricultural Cooperatives ◽  
Reciprocal Relationships ◽  
Narrative Literature ◽  
Narrative Literature Review ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship

How cooperatives generate and absorb social capital has attracted a great deal of attention due to the fact that they are collective organizations owned and democratically managed by their members, and, accordingly, are argued to be closely linked to the nature and dynamics of social capital. However, the extant literature and knowledge on the relationship between cooperatives and social capital remain unstructured and fragmented. This paper aims to provide a narrative literature review that integrates both sides of the relationship between cooperatives and social capital. On the one hand, one side involves how cooperatives create internal social capital and spread it in their immediate environment, and, on the other hand, it involves how the presence of social capital promotes the creation and development of cooperatives. In addition, our theoretical framework integrates the dark side of social capital, that is, how the lack of trust, reciprocal relationships, transparency, and other social capital components can lead to failure of the cooperative. On the basis of this review, we define a research agenda that synthesizes key trends and promising research avenues for further advancement of theoretical and empirical insights about the relationship between cooperatives and social capital, placing particular emphasis on rural and agricultural cooperatives.

scholarly journals Mediation Effect of Perceived Fitness on the Relationship between Self-Efficacy and Sport Practice in Spanish Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (23) ◽  
pp. 8800
Author(s):  
Silvia Arribas-Galarraga ◽  
Izaskun Luis-de Cos ◽  
Gurutze Luis-de Cos ◽  
Saioa Urrutia-Gutierrez
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Psychosocial Aspects ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Adolescent Population ◽  
Sport Practice ◽  
The Social ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship

There has been a decrease in sports practices among the adolescent population, and several authors have tried to identify variables that can explain this decrease by analyzing psychosocial aspects such as perceived fitness and self-efficacy. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to examine the association of perceived fitness and self-efficacy with sport practices and to determine whether perceived fitness is a mediator of the association between self-efficacy and sport practice in Spanish adolescents. The sample was composed of 882 students between 13 and 17 years old from Gipuzkoa (Spain). A descriptive, correlational and direct/indirect effect approach was used, using the PROCESS macro for Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Among the results obtained, it is highlighted on the one hand, that perceived fitness significantly correlates with both self-efficacy and sport practice, on the other hand, it is confirmed that perceived fitness is a mediator in the relationship between self-efficacy and sports practice. This finding highlights the importance of psychosocial aspects in efforts to increase sports practice.

scholarly journals CORRELATION OF SOCIAL CAPITAL AND POVERTY FARMERS IN ACEH

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saifuddin Yunus ◽  
Suadi Zainal ◽  
Fadli Jalil ◽  
Cut Maya Aprita Sari
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose of the study: This study tried to examine the correlation between social capital and the poverty level of farmers in Aceh. It was linked to the uneven agricultural development of some rural areas in Aceh had caused the poverty rates in villages are higher than in the urban areas. Hence the social capital is important as other capitals in development and become the energies for the development and decreases the rate of poverty. Methodology: This research used a quantitative method by distributing the questionnaire to 300 respondents in Aceh Tamiang, Pidie Jaya and Aceh Tengah, Indonesia. The data analyzed by using the Spearman correlation with the assistance of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences to determining the relationship between two variables; social capital and poverty in farmers. Main Findings: This study found that there is a positive and significant correlation between social capital and the level of poverty. Famers who have a higher stock of social capital are found to be lower in the poverty rate. Applications of this study: The finding of this study is useful for the government of the Aceh government to explore and strengthen farmers' social capital to empowering their economies. It would be relevant to decreasing the poverty rate according to farmers in Aceh. Novelty/Originality of this study: The case of poverty in Aceh was widely explained by the numbers of the researcher. But there is no recent publication that has explained the relationship between poverty and social capital in Aceh. Therefore a strong level of social capital will be able to significantly reduce poverty in Aceh.

Rules and Military Regimes

2021 ◽  
pp. 177-216
Author(s):  
Graeme Gill
Keyword(s):  
Regime Type ◽  
Military Regimes ◽  
Regime Survival ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Way

This chapter evaluates the way in which three types of rules—operational, relational and constitutive—have functioned in three corporate military regimes, Argentina (1976–83), Brazil (1964–85), and Chile (1973–88). These regimes are compared one with another and with the communist single-party states. The chapter shows how the different rules operated in these different regimes, drawing out the different patterns of operation and thereby showing the variations that can occur within the one regime type. The chapter also raises the question of the relationship between observance of rules and regime survival.

scholarly journals Global social indicators and the concept of legitimacy

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 436-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathias Siems ◽  
David Nelken
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Theory ◽  
Social Indicators ◽  
General Level ◽  
Crucial Issue ◽  
Core Point ◽  
Point Of Interest ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractGlobal social indicators have become a core point of interest of scholarship in law and other social sciences. The term ‘legitimacy’ is occasionally mentioned in this literature but without in-depth discussion. This paper aims to fill this gap by way of exploring the relationship between global social indicators and the concept of legitimacy. The crucial issue of such indicators is that, being drafted in a general fashion and based on a quantitative metric, they can be regarded as somehow ‘law-like’, thus raising questions about their legitimacy. This paper addresses these issues at both the general level of social theory and the operation of indicators in action.

scholarly journals Assessment of the resource potential of agricultural organizations in the Kurgan region

2021 ◽  
Vol 215 (12) ◽  
pp. 87-97
Author(s):  
N. Guschenskaya ◽  
Marina Sumarokova ◽  
Alina Kovshova
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Assessment ◽  
General Level ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Resource Potential ◽  
Econometric Methods ◽  
Agricultural Organizations ◽  
Modeling Data ◽  
The One ◽  
Functional Components ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. The purpose of the research is to comprehensively assess the resource potential of agricultural organizations in the Kurgan region to form the trajectory of their development and determine the contribution to agricultural production in the region. Methods. The study was based on the use of statistical and econometric methods for collecting, processing, modeling data. It is based on the assessment of the use of the following functional components of the resource potential: land, material and technical, personnel, innovation and financial. At the same time, the dynamic assessment for each subspecies of the resource potential gives an idea of the trend in the volume and level of resource use, and the stochastic assessment – to identify the relationship between the indicators of resource investment and their return. Results. The presented assessment of the existing relationships between the quantitative and qualitative indicators of the resource potential and its subspecies indicate, on the one hand, an acute shortage of certain types of resources, and, on the other hand, an increasing intensity of their use without a proportional level of return. The study allows us to conclude that it is necessary to develop levers for managing the resource potential of agricultural organizations based on the symbiosis of the needs of agricultural producers and the territory in which they operate. Scientific novelty. The research methodology allows combining several methods of assessing (dynamic and stochastic) in achieving the final result, as well as assessing the elasticity between the general level of resource productivity of agricultural organizations and indicators of the efficiency of using the main types of resources. This approach makes it possible to form a sequence of actions to ensure an increase in the level of development and use of the resource potential of agricultural organizations.

scholarly journals Forholdet mellom online- og offline-deltakelse i frivillige organisasjoner

2018 ◽  
pp. 101-126
Author(s):  
Bernard Enjolras ◽  
Kari Steen-Johnsen ◽  
Audun Beyer
Keyword(s):  
Civic Engagement ◽  
Voluntary Organization ◽  
Voluntary Organizations ◽  
Voluntary Work ◽  
Norwegian Population ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Important Exception ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Effect

In this chapter the relationship between online and offline civic engagement. We look specifically at the effect of being a member of a Facebook group related to voluntary organizations or to different types of protest on offline membership in voluntary organization and offline volunteering. Using panel-data from a three-wave survey of the Norwegian population using the Internet we test three hypotheses about the relationship between online and offline civic engagement. According to the mobilization-hypothesis, online experience will enhance offline participation of those who are inactive. The crowding-out hypothesis predicts that, since those who are engaged offline will also be the one who are engaged online, increased online engagement will reduce offline engagement. Finally, the independence-hypothesis considers online and offline engagement as not related to each other. Our results show that, in Norway during the period 2012–2016, following Facebook-groups related to a voluntary organization or to different types of protest groups has an impact on offline membership in voluntary organizations, but not on voluntary work. An important exception, however, is that following a Facebook group related to a voluntary organization has a positive effect on offline volunteering in voluntary organization.

scholarly journals Maximum Dissemination: A possible model for society journals in the humanities and social sciences to support "Open" while retaining their subscription revenue

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
John G. Dove
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Open Access ◽  
Associate Professor ◽  
The Other ◽  
Unauthorized Access ◽  
American Council ◽  
Learned Societies ◽  
Humanities And Social Sciences ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship

It is well recognized that one of the hardest problems in the Open Access arena is how to ‘flip’ the flagship society journals in the humanities and social sciences. Their revenue from a flagship journal is critical to the scholarly society. On the one hand, it is true that the paywall which guards the subscription system from unauthorized access is marginalizing whole categories of scholars and learners. On the other hand, “flipping”to an APC based model simply marginalizes some of the same people and institutions on the authorship side. Various endowment or subsidy models of flipping create the idea of Samaritans and “freeloaders” which bring into question their sustainability. I propose re-thinking the relationship between publisher and author. The publisher should act as the experts in dissemination and should take on the responsibility of maximizing the dissemination of the author’s work by providing the author’s accepted manuscript (AAM) to an appropriate repository and taking down the paywall. When requests for an article come to the publisher instead of presenting non-subscribers with a paywall, they instead direct the request to the repository in which the AAM has been archived. This walk-through of Maximum Dissemination is followed by: A statement from Princeton’s Professor Stanley Katz, president emeritus of the American Council of Learned Societies A youtube video by Associate Professor of Sociology Smith Radhakrishnan which is attached to this submission, is available at http://youtu.be/sPO66vuTFJ0.

scholarly journals Personality and Conflict Style: Effects on Membership Duration in Voluntary Associations

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Robert Dunaetz
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Voluntary Associations ◽  
Voluntary Association ◽  
Voluntary Organizations ◽  
Conflict Styles ◽  
Big 5 ◽  
Conflict Style ◽  
Protestant Churches ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Big 5 Personality

Voluntary organizations, which differ from other organizations in the way they reward and retain members, can easily suffer setbacks from a loss of membership. Poorly managed conflict is often a source of attrition. This study examined the relationship between personality, conflict styles, and membership duration of people (N = 431) who attend or have attended churches (primarily Protestant churches), the most common form of voluntary association in America. Most of the Big 5 personality traits significantly predicted conflict styles and/or membership duration. Extraversion predicted higher preferences for collaboration and lower preferences for avoidance. Agreeableness predicted higher preferences for collaboration and accommodation, lower preferences for competition, and longer membership durations. Conscientiousness predicted higher preferences for collaboration and lower preferences for avoidance. Neuroticism predicted higher preferences for avoidance and lower preferences for collaboration and competition. Openness predicted shorter membership durations. The relationships between conflict styles and membership duration were less clear.

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