scholarly journals Effects of zinc and Bacillus subtilis on the reproductive performance, egg quality, nutrient digestion, intestinal morphology and serum antioxidant capacity of geese breeders

2021 ◽  
pp. 101677
Author(s):  
Wenlei Fan ◽  
Jing Shi ◽  
Baowei Wang ◽  
Mingai Zhang ◽  
Min Kong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Nutrient Digestion

scholarly journals Yeast Culture Improves Egg Quality and Reproductive Performance of Aged Breeder Layers by Regulating Gut Microbes

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuchen Liu ◽  
Xue Cheng ◽  
Wenrui Zhen ◽  
Dan Zeng ◽  
Lujiang Qu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Glutathione Metabolism ◽  
Yeast Culture ◽  
Immune Functions ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
16S Rrna Analysis ◽  
Laying Performance

This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary yeast culture (YC) supplementation on egg production, egg quality, reproductive performance, immune functions, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal microbial structure of aged hens. A total of 224 Hy-Line Brown layers (54 weeks old) were randomly assigned to two dietary treatments. The control group was fed a basal diet and the YC group was supplemented with YC at 2.0 g/kg of their diet. Each group had seven replicates with 16 hens each. The study was conducted over a period of 8 weeks. Results indicated that YC addition had no significant effect on laying performance. However, it significantly improved egg quality and hatching rate, enhanced ileum crude fat digestibility, increased the serum parameters of lysozyme (LZM) and total antioxidation capacity (T-AOC) (P < 0.05), and reduced serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels (P < 0.05). Using 16S rRNA analysis, we found that addition of YC significantly altered ileum microbial composition. Linear discriminant analysis of effect size (LEfSe) showed significant enrichment of Bacilli and Lactobacilli in the YC group. PICRUSt analysis of the ileal microbiota found that glutathione metabolism, ubiquinone, and other terpenoid-quinone biosynthesis and lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis protein pathways were highly enriched in the YC group compared with the basal diet group. In summary, the addition of YC can improve egg quality, immune functions, antioxidant capacity, reproduction efficiency, and digestive absorption by increasing the abundance of Lactobacilli and Bacilli. Furthermore, it also improves the biosynthesis of lipopolysaccharide proteins, glutathione metabolism, and the synthesis of ubiquinone and other terpenoid-quinone metabolic pathways.

scholarly journals Effects of Clostridium butyricum, Sodium Butyrate, and Butyric Acid Glycerides on the Reproductive Performance, Egg Quality, Intestinal Health, and Offspring Performance of Yellow-Feathered Breeder Hens

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yibing Wang ◽  
Yang Wang ◽  
Xiajing Lin ◽  
Zhongyong Gou ◽  
Qiuli Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Sodium Butyrate ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Intestinal Health ◽  
Offspring Performance ◽  
Breeder Hens

Butyrate has been reported to promote the performance and growth of chickens. The specific roles and efficacy of different sources of butyrate remained unclear. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate and compare the effects of Clostridium butyricum (CB), sodium butyrate (SB), and butyric acid glycerides (tributyrin, BAG) on the reproductive performance, egg quality, intestinal health, and offspring performance of yellow-feathered breeder hens. A total of 300 Lingnan yellow-feathered breeder hens were assigned to five treatment groups: control (CL), 1×108CFU/kg CB (CBL), 1×109CFU/kg CB (CBH), 500mg/kg SB, and 300mg/kg BAG. Results showed that the laying performance and egg quality were increased by CBL, CBH, and BAG. Both CB treatments increased the hatchability of fertilized eggs. Maternal supplementation with both levels of CB significantly elevated the growth performance of offspring. Treatment with CBL, CBH, SB, and BAG all improved the oviduct-related variables and reduced the plasmal antioxidant variables. The CBH, CBL, and BAG treatments also improved the intestinal morphology to different degrees. Jejunal contents of IL-6 were decreased by CBH and BAG, while those of IL-4, IL-6, IL-1β, and IgY were decreased by SB. Transcripts of nutrient transporters in jejunal mucosa were also upregulated by CBH, CBL, and SB treatments and expression of Bcl-2-associated X protein was decreased by CBL, CBH, and BAG. In cecal contents, CBL increased the abundance of Firmicutes and Bacillus, while CBH decreased the abundance of Proteobacteria. Also, the co-occurrence networks of intestinal microbes were regulated by CBH and BAG. In conclusion, dietary inclusion of CB and BAG improved the reproductive parameters, egg quality, and intestinal morphology of breeders. CB also influenced the hatching performance of breeders and growth performance of the offspring, while SB improved the oviduct-related variables. These beneficial effects may result from the regulation of cytokines, nutrient transporters, apoptosis, and gut microbiota; high-level CB had more obvious impact. Further study is needed to explore and understand the correlation between the altered gut microbiota induced by butyrate and the performance, egg quality, intestinal health, and also offspring performance.

scholarly journals Effects of Dietary Selenium Sources on Physiological Status of Laying Hens and Production of Selenium-Enriched Eggs

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Qiu ◽  
Jun-Jie Zheng ◽  
Uchechukwu Edna Obianwuna ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Hai-Jun Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Sodium Selenite ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Organic Source

Developing new sources of organic selenium (Se) has potential benefits for animal production and human nutrition via animal-based foods enriched with Se. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of Se-enriched insect protein (SEIP) in comparison with other sources, such as sodium selenite (SS) and selenium-enriched yeast (SEY), on performance, egg quality, selenium concentration in eggs, serum biochemical indices, immune capacity, and intestinal morphology of laying hens. Four hundred and fifty 24-week-old Hy-Line Brown laying hens with 94.0 ± 1.5% laying rate were randomly allocated to five groups with six replicates of 15 hens each. The control diet was prepared without adding exogenous selenium (calculated basal Se content of 0.08 mg/kg). The normal group was fed basal diets supplemented with 0.3 mg/kg of Se provided by sodium selenite. Three treatment groups (SS, SEY, and SEIP, respectively) were fed basal diets supplemented with 2 mg/kg of Se provided by sodium selenite, Se-enriched yeast, and SEIP, respectively. The feeding trial lasted for 12 weeks. Results revealed that dietary supplementation of 2 mg/kg of Se increased egg weight, decreased feed conversion ratio, and enhanced the antioxidant capacity of eggs in laying hens relative to the control group, whereas no significant differences were observed among SS, SEY, and SEIP treatment groups for the same. The organic source of Se provided by SEY or SEIP showed higher bio efficiency, as indicated by higher selenium content in eggs of SEY and SEIP compared with SS, although higher content was observed in SEY compared with SEIP. Also, the organic Se source significantly improved antioxidant capacity and immune functions of laying hens than the inorganic Se source. Diets supplemented with SEIP and SS significantly improved jejunal morphology of the laying hens compared with SEY, whereas SEIP was more effective than SEY to improve the oviduct health of laying hens. The results of this work evidently points the additive effect and nontoxicity of SEIP. Thus, SEIP could be used as another organic source of Se in the diet of laying hens and production of selenium-enriched eggs for humans.

scholarly journals Dietary effects of Bacillus subtilis fmbj on growth performance, small intestinal morphology, and its antioxidant capacity of broilers

2018 ◽  
Vol 97 (7) ◽  
pp. 2312-2321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaiwen Bai ◽  
Chengcheng Feng ◽  
Luyi Jiang ◽  
Ligen Zhang ◽  
Jingfei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Dietary Effects ◽  
Small Intestinal

scholarly journals Effects of Bacillus subtilis on growth performance, serum parameters, digestive enzyme, intestinal morphology, and colonic microbiota in piglets

AMB Express ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Deng ◽  
Jie Wu ◽  
Xiaohui Li ◽  
Cheng Zhang ◽  
Xiaoming Men ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Digestive Enzyme ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Serum Parameters ◽  
Colonic Microbiota ◽  
Diet Supplementation

AbstractThe present study was conducted to investigate effects of Bacillus subtilis on growth performance, serum parameters, digestive enzymes, intestinal morphology, and colonic microbiota in piglets. A total of 72 piglets were weighed and randomly allotted into three treatments (four replication pens per treatment with six piglets/pen) for a 28-day experiment. The dietary treatments were as follows: basal diet (control group, CTR), basal diet supplementation with antibiotic (antibiotic group, ABT), and basal diet supplementation with 0.1% Bacillus subtilis (probiotic group, PBT). The average daily gain of body weight increased in both the ABT and PBT groups, and dietary antibiotics decreased the feed:gain ratio (F:G), as compared to the CTR group (P < 0.05). Both ABT and PBT piglets had increased serum triglycerides and lipase, amylase, maltase activities and villus height:crypt depth ratio (V/C) in ileum (P < 0.05). The PBT group also showed an increase in serum glucose and villus height in the ileum (P < 0.05). Dietary antibiotics increased Lactobacillus johnsonii, as compared to the CTR group, but decreased bacterial diversity and increased Escherichia coli, as compared to the PBT group (P < 0.05). Piglets dietary with B. subtilis modulated the microbiota by increasing the abundance of Firmicutes (L. johnsonii, L. reuteri) and decreasing the abundance of E. coli, as compared to the control group (P < 0.05). These results indicate that dietary of B. subtilis improves growth performance and intestinal health and can be a promising alternative to antibiotics in piglets diet.

scholarly journals Effect of the Pellet and Mash Feed Forms on the Productive Performance, Egg Quality, Nutrient Metabolism, and Intestinal Morphology of Two Laying Hen Breeds

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 701
Author(s):  
Yi Wan ◽  
Ruiyu Ma ◽  
Anam Khalid ◽  
Lilong Chai ◽  
Renrong Qi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Laying Hen ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Villus Height ◽  
Nutrient Metabolism ◽  
Feed Form

One of the most important factors that determine feed utilization by chickens is the feed form. Although it is generally believed that pellet diets have a positive effect on chicken growth, there are some studies that have indicated no difference between pellet and mash on chickens performance. This study was conducted to assess the effects of feed form on production performance, egg quality, nutrient metabolism and intestinal morphology in two breed laying hens. Two hundred and sixteen 25-week-old Hy-Line brown (n = 108) and Hy-Line grey (n = 108) hens were selected. Each breed was randomly allocated into two treatments with 6 replications (9 birds in each replication), which were fed mash and pellet diets, respectively. Production performances were recorded daily and egg quality traits were measured every two weeks. At 42 weeks of age, one bird per replication from each experimental group was selected for metabolism determination and intestine morphology observation. Compared with mash diets, pellet diets improved laying rate (p < 0.05), ADFI (average daily feed intake, p < 0.05), egg weight, shell strength, yolk proportion and Haugh unit (p < 0.05) in both breeds and reduced the FCR (feed conversion ratio, p < 0.05) in Hy-Line grey. The apparent digestibility of DM% (dry matter) and CP% (crude protein) were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in both breed laying hens fed pellet than those fed mash. The apparent digestibility of P% (phosphorus) and Ca% (calcium) was higher in Hy-Line grey fed pellet and was higher in Hy-Line brown fed mash. Compared to mash diets, pellet diets increased the VH (villus height), CD (crypt depth) and VCR (ratio of villus height to crypt depth) of the small intestine of Hy-Line grey, and increased the VH and CD of duodenum and ileum of Hy-Line brown. Overall, pellet diets improved production performance and nutrition metabolism through positive changes in the laying rate, feed intake, egg albumen quality and apparent digestibility of laying hens. The current findings provided support for the advantages of feeding pellets during the peak egg laying period for the two popular laying hen strains, Hy-Line brown and Hy-Line grey.

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