scholarly journals Effects of Dietary Selenium Sources on Physiological Status of Laying Hens and Production of Selenium-Enriched Eggs

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Qiu ◽  
Jun-Jie Zheng ◽  
Uchechukwu Edna Obianwuna ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Hai-Jun Zhang ◽  
...  

Developing new sources of organic selenium (Se) has potential benefits for animal production and human nutrition via animal-based foods enriched with Se. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of Se-enriched insect protein (SEIP) in comparison with other sources, such as sodium selenite (SS) and selenium-enriched yeast (SEY), on performance, egg quality, selenium concentration in eggs, serum biochemical indices, immune capacity, and intestinal morphology of laying hens. Four hundred and fifty 24-week-old Hy-Line Brown laying hens with 94.0 ± 1.5% laying rate were randomly allocated to five groups with six replicates of 15 hens each. The control diet was prepared without adding exogenous selenium (calculated basal Se content of 0.08 mg/kg). The normal group was fed basal diets supplemented with 0.3 mg/kg of Se provided by sodium selenite. Three treatment groups (SS, SEY, and SEIP, respectively) were fed basal diets supplemented with 2 mg/kg of Se provided by sodium selenite, Se-enriched yeast, and SEIP, respectively. The feeding trial lasted for 12 weeks. Results revealed that dietary supplementation of 2 mg/kg of Se increased egg weight, decreased feed conversion ratio, and enhanced the antioxidant capacity of eggs in laying hens relative to the control group, whereas no significant differences were observed among SS, SEY, and SEIP treatment groups for the same. The organic source of Se provided by SEY or SEIP showed higher bio efficiency, as indicated by higher selenium content in eggs of SEY and SEIP compared with SS, although higher content was observed in SEY compared with SEIP. Also, the organic Se source significantly improved antioxidant capacity and immune functions of laying hens than the inorganic Se source. Diets supplemented with SEIP and SS significantly improved jejunal morphology of the laying hens compared with SEY, whereas SEIP was more effective than SEY to improve the oviduct health of laying hens. The results of this work evidently points the additive effect and nontoxicity of SEIP. Thus, SEIP could be used as another organic source of Se in the diet of laying hens and production of selenium-enriched eggs for humans.

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1224
Author(s):  
Kai Qiu ◽  
Youbiao Ma ◽  
Uchechukwu Edna Obianwuna ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Haijun Zhang ◽  
...  

The current experiment was conducted to investigate the application effects of selenium conjugated to insect protein (SCIP) in the production of selenium-enriched eggs. A total of 450 laying hens were randomly assigned to five dietary groups, each group consisting of six replicates. Hens in the control group received a diet without selenium supplementation, whereas hens in the other four groups received diets supplemented with either 1, 2, 5, or 10 mg/kg of selenium from SCIP. The productive performance, egg quality, antioxidant and immune capacity, biochemical indices, intestinal morphology, and oviduct health of laying hens were evaluated. The results showed that the supplementation of organic selenium provided by SCIP in the diets of laying hens enhanced performance and egg quality without any toxicity effect, even at the 10 mg/kg inclusion level. A level of 2 mg/kg of selenium provided by SCIP in diets tentatively improved the serum antioxidant and immune capacity, intestinal development, and oviduct health of laying hens in a conspicuous manner. Hence, the biosafety and positive effects of SCIP as a feed additive supplement in laying hens’ diet have been demonstrated with the enhanced production of safe and selenium-enriched eggs.


2017 ◽  
Vol 96 (11) ◽  
pp. 3973-3980 ◽  
Author(s):  
X.J. Han ◽  
P. Qin ◽  
W.X. Li ◽  
Q.G. Ma ◽  
C. Ji ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Melek Şehitoğlu ◽  
Hatice Kaya

In this study, it was investigated the effect of clove oil supplementation at increasing levels into laying hens’ diets on performance, egg quality traits, some blood parameters and yolk TBARS (Thiobarbituric Acid Reagent) values. For this purpose 96 Lohman white laying hens, 28 weeks of age, were divided into four treatment groups. Control group was fed with basal diet (C) and treatment groups were fed with diets formed by addition of clove oil at 50 ppm (CO1), 100 ppm (CO2) and 150 ppm (CO3), respectively. During the trial, feed and water were given as ad-libitum, and poultry house was illuminated for 17 hours. Experiment lasted for 13 weeks. Addition clove oil at increasing rates into diet did not affect the live weight. The data analysed as polynomial showed that supplementation of clove oil into layer diet linearly improved feed conversion ratio and increased the egg production. But, daily feed consumption, egg weight, damaged egg ratio and egg quality parameters were not affected by treatments. Serum parameters such as triglyceride, glucose, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and calcium were not affected by the clove oil supplementation. TBARS values in C, CO1, and CO2 were found higher than the CO3 group fed with diet including 150 ppm clove oil. In conclusion, clove oil at 150 ppm level in diets of laying hens could be used due to extend the egg shelf life and to decline serum cholesterol content.


2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 547-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mst Nasrin Banu ◽  
Md Bazlar Rashid ◽  
Md Mahmudul Hasan ◽  
Fahima Binte Aziz ◽  
Md Rakibul Islam ◽  
...  

The study was conducted to determine the effect of antiprolactin drug (Bromergon®) and Peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) on broodiness, laying performance and egg quality in indigenous hens. The effect of modulation of prolactin concentration on egg production, sequence length and inter sequence pauses were studied by analyzing the oviposition records. Total sixty indigenous laying hens (30-40 weeks of age), were assigned for treatment with peppermint solution and Bromergon®. Sixty laying hens were randomly divided into 4 groups (A, B, C and D) and each group remained 15 hens. Group A was kept for control, Group B was treated with bromocriptine (Bromergon® SANDOZ) orally @ 640 ?g per bird per day, Group C with 50% peppermint solution @ 10 g per bird orally and Group D was with peppermint and Bromergon® combined at previous dose. Over the course of trial, incremental dietary peppermint (Group C) significantly (p?0.05) increased egg production, body weight of treated indigenous hens than other groups. Egg shell percentage, thickness and haugh unit of hens fed diets supplemented with peppermint were greater than that of hens fed the control diet. However, peppermint supplementation did not influence other egg quality characteristics like albumen and yolk percentages and albumen height. The treated birds had comparatively longer sequences and fewer pauses. It is concluded that the physiological pauses occur during ovulatory sequences can be disrupted effectively using Bromergon® and peppermint. Prolactin levels modulated which may interfere with follicular recruitment and subsequent oviposition thereby improves egg laying potential of the indigenous hens.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2016, 2(4): 547-554


2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Wei Li ◽  
Ze-qi He ◽  
Xiao-Ying Zhang ◽  
Yun-Jiao Chen ◽  
Jian-Jun Zuo ◽  
...  

Eucalyptus leaf polyphenols extract (EPE) has been proved to have various bioactivities, but few reports focus on its antioxidant mechanism in vivo. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the effect and mechanism of EPE dietary supplements on antioxidant capacity in chicken. A total of 216 chickens were randomly selected for a 40-day experiment. Four treatment groups received diets including the control diet only, the control diet + low EPE (0.6 g/kg), the control diet + moderate EPE (0.9 g/kg), and the control diet + high EPE (1.2 g/kg). Compared with control group, the glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity and glutathione (GSH) content in the breast muscle of the moderate EPE treatment group was significantly higher (p<0.05), while the malonaldehyde (MDA) content in the moderate EPE group was reduced (p<0.05). Moreover, proteomic and transcriptomic analyses of the breast muscle revealed that glutathione metabolism and the peroxisome were the two crucial metabolic pathways responsible for increased antioxidant capacity of the muscle. Accordingly, nine candidate genes and two candidate proteins were identified related to improved antioxidant status induced by EPE supplements. This research provides new insights into the molecular mechanism of antioxidant capacity in chickens treated with EPE dietary supplements.


Author(s):  
Rajashree Rath ◽  
Suryakant Mishra ◽  
Bhagirathi Panigrahi ◽  
Vijay Singh ◽  
Himani Tewari ◽  
...  

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of choline in diet (a TMA precursor) on egg quality, serum biochemistry and presence of off flavour in eggs of White Pekin Ducks. 30 White Pekin ducks (45 weeks age) housed in individual cages were subjected to three dietary treatment groups and were. The dietary treatment groups consisted of two levels of choline as TMA precursor viz; 3g/kg diet, 6g/kg diet and a control diet devoid of choline. The results revealed highly significant (P<0.0001) effect of choline on yolk weight and HU than the control. However the other egg quality traits i.,e egg weight, albumen weight, shell weight, albumen index, yolk index, shape index, shell thickness were not influenced. Serum cholesterol and triglycerides were significantly (P<0.0001) reduced in high choline group (6g/kg diet) followed by low choline group (3g/kg diet) and control. The liver enzymes (SGPT and SGOT) were significantly lower (P<0.0001) in both the supplemented groups as compared to control. No significant effect was found for serum total protein and serum glucose levels. Presence of off flavour (fishy flavour) was more evident in the eggs of choline group (6g/kg diet) than the control group. It can be concluded that the presence of choline in the diet had minimal effect on the egg quality parameters of Pekin ducks except for yolk weight and albumen quality, however there was significant reduction in serum total cholesterol and triglycerides levels.


Author(s):  
Waseem Muhammad Zia ◽  
Anjum Khalique ◽  
Saima Naveed ◽  
Jibran Hussain ◽  
Imran Muhammad

The aim of study was to determine the impact of different selenium sources on blood biochemical picture of Aseel. Three-weeks-old 240 Aseel chickens (120 and 120) from Lakha, Mushki, Peshaweri and Mianwali varieties were randomly distributed into four groups; 60 birds/variety (30 and 30). The birds of each group of either sex were further subdivided into A, B (experimental) and C (control) treatment groups with 10 birds each. Group A and B were fed the diet containing 0.3 mg/kg Se-enriched yeast and sodium selenite, respectively, while group C was fed diet without selenium (control diet). Birds were maintained individually in cages from 4 to 21 weeks. In blood serum, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) levels increased (P£0.05) while, total cholesterol and thyroxin (T4) levels decreased (P£0.05) in Se-yeast supplemented group than sodium selenite supplemented or control group. The study concluded that Se-enriched yeast gave the superior performance to improve blood biochemical profile of Aseel.


Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1681
Author(s):  
Aliyu Ibrahim Muhammad ◽  
Dalia Alla Mohamed ◽  
Loh Teck Chwen ◽  
Henny Akit ◽  
Anjas Asmara Samsudin

The use of toxic and less bioavailable inorganic selenium can now be supplemented with an alternative organic source from bacterial species in nutrition for human and animal benefit. This study investigated the effects of selenium sources on laying performance, egg quality characteristics, intestinal morphology, caecum microbial population, and digesta volatile fatty acids in laying hens. One hundred and forty-four Lohman Brown Classic laying hens, at 23 weeks of age, were divided into four experimental groups (36 hens in each), differing in form of Se supplementation: no Se supplementation (Con), 0.3 mg/kg of inorganic Se in the form of sodium selenite (Na2SeO3), 0.3 mg/kg of organic Se from selenium yeast (Se-Yeast), and 0.3 mg/kg of organic Se from Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (bacterial organic Se, ADS18). The results showed that different dietary Se sources significantly affected laying rate, average egg weight, daily egg mass, feed conversion ratio (FCR), and live bodyweight (LBW) (p < 0.05). However, average daily feed intake and shell-less and broken eggs were unaffected (p > 0.05) among the treatment groups. The findings revealed that selenium sources had no (p > 0.05) effect on egg quality (external and internal) parameters. However, eggshell breaking strength and Haugh unit were significantly (p < 0.05) improved with organic (ADS18 or Se-yeast) Se-fed hens compared to the control group. In addition, egg yolk and breast tissue Se concentrations were higher (p < 0.05) in the dietary Se supplemented group compared to the control. Intestinal histomorphology revealed that hens fed ADS18 or Se-Yeast groups had significantly (p < 0.05) higher villi height in the duodenum and jejunum compared to those fed Na2SeO3 or a basal diet. However, when compared to organic Se fed (ADS18 or Se-Yeast) hens, the ileum villus height was higher (p < 0.05) in the basal diet group; with the lowest in the SS among the treatment groups. A significant increase (p < 0.05) of Lactobacilli spp. and Bifidobacteria spp., and a decrease of Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. population were observed in the organic (ADS18 or Se-yeast) compared to inorganic supplemented and control hens. The individual digesta volatile fatty acid (VFA) was significantly different, but with no total VFA differences. Thus, bacterial selenoprotein or Se-yeast improved the performance index, egg quality characteristics, egg yolk and tissue Se contents, and intestinal villus height in laying hens. Moreover, caecum beneficial microbes increased with a decrease in the harmful microbe population and affected individual cecal volatile fatty acids without affecting the total VFA of the laying hens digesta.


Author(s):  
Waseem Muhammad Zia ◽  
Anjum Khalique ◽  
Saima Naveed ◽  
Jibran Hussain ◽  
Imran Muhammad ◽  
...  

A study to investigate the influence of selenium on final body weight and slaughter traits of Aseel was conducted. Three-weeks-old 120 cockerels from Lakha, Mushki, Peshaweri and Mianwali varieties of Aseel were randomly selected and distributed into four groups, 30 cockerels each, subdivided into 3 treatment groups A, B (experimental groups), and C (control group) with 10 cockerels in each treatment. Birds were assigned three experimental diets. The diet for the birds of group A incorporated 0.3 mg/kg Se-enriched yeast and group B included 0.3 mg/kg sodium selenite, while C was fed the diet without Se (control diet). Final body weight, dressed weight, dressing%, eviscerated weight, eviscerated%; chest, thigh and giblets weight; selenium content in chest and thigh in Se-yeast fed birds were significantly increased than those got sodium selenite or control diet. The study concluded that Se-enriched yeast is more effective in improving body weight and slaughtering characteristics of Aseel.


2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 927 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehran Torki ◽  
Masoomeh Nasiroleslami ◽  
Hossein Ali Ghasemi

The objectives of the present study were (1) to determine the extent to which the crude protein (CP) content of laying hen diets can be reduced, based on performance criteria, and (2) to determine how egg quality traits and blood biochemical parameters are affected by changes in dietary CP under hot summer conditions. The requirements for egg mass (EM) and feed utilisation (FU) were estimated using quadratic equations and broken-line regression models. Laying hens were raised for a 12-week period (42–54 weeks) in wire cages under a high ambient temperature in an open-sided housing system. A total of 144 Lohmann LSL laying hens were assigned to four treatments with six replicates of six birds each. The four experimental diets (11.51 MJ ME/kg) varied according to four CP levels: normal-CP diet (Control, 16% CP) and low-CP diets containing 13%, 14%, or 15% CP. All diets were fortified with DL-methionine, L-lysine, L-threonine and L-tryptophan at levels sufficient to meet dietary requirements. The results showed that under high ambient temperature conditions, all productive performance traits of birds fed 15% and 14% CP diets were similar to those of birds fed a Control diet (16% CP), whereas feeding a 13% CP diet negatively affected (P < 0.05) EM and FU. Estimations of requirements were of 15.13% and 14.56% CP for EM, and 14.86% and 14.38% CP for FU using quadratic and broken-line models, respectively. Haugh units, blood uric acid levels and albumin levels were significantly lower in birds fed a 13% CP diet compared with the Control group. In contrast, yolk colour index and blood triglyceride level were higher (P < 0.05) for the hens fed the 14% and 13% CP diets than for birds fed the Control diet. Overall, hens consuming 14% and 15% CP diets performed equally as well as the high protein diet group under hot summer conditions.


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