scholarly journals Impacts of Driving Behaviours, Slope and Vehicle Load Factor on Bus Fuel Consumption and Emissions: A Real Case Study in the City of Rome

2013 ◽  
Vol 87 ◽  
pp. 211-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Carrese ◽  
Andrea Gemma ◽  
Simone La Spada
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Real Case ◽  
Load Factor ◽  
Vehicle Load ◽  
Fuel Consumption And Emissions ◽  
The City

scholarly journals Environmental Strategies for Selecting Eco-Routing in a Small City

Atmosphere ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Francisco Coloma ◽  
Marta García ◽  
Yang Wang ◽  
Andrés Monzón
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Small City ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Balanced Distribution ◽  
Reduce Emissions ◽  
Fuel Consumption And Emissions ◽  
The City

This research aims to find the most ecological itineraries for urban mobility in a small city (eco-routes), where distances are rather short, but car dependence is really high. A real life citywide survey was carried out in the city of Caceres (Spain) with almost 100,000 inhabitants. Research was done on alternating routes, traffic, times of day, and weather conditions. The output of the study was to assess fuel consumption, CO2, and regulated pollutant emissions for different type of vehicles, routes, and drivers. The results show that in the case studied, urban roads had fewer emissions (CO2 and pollutants) but there was an increase in the population affected by pollutants. On the contrary, bypasses reduced travel time and congestion but increased fuel consumption and emissions. Traffic conditions had a greater influence on fuel consumption in petrol vehicles than diesel ones. Therefore, there must be a balanced distribution of traffic in order to minimize congestion, and at the same time to reduce emissions and the number of people affected by harmful pollution levels. There should be a combination of regulatory measures in traffic policies in order to achieve that balance by controlling access to city centres, limiting parking spaces, pedestrianization, and lowering traffic speeds in sensitive areas.

scholarly journals The impact of single engine taxiing on aircraft fuel consumption and pollutant emissions

2018 ◽  
Vol 122 (1258) ◽  
pp. 1967-1984 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. J. Stettler ◽  
G. S. Koudis ◽  
S. J. Hu ◽  
A. Majumdar ◽  
W. Y. Ochieng
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Reduce Fuel Consumption ◽  
Flight Data ◽  
Set Operations ◽  
Aircraft Fuel ◽  
Fuel Consumption And Emissions ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTOptimisation of aircraft ground operations to reduce airport emissions can reduce resultant local air quality impacts. Single engine taxiing (SET), where only half of the installed number of engines are used for the majority of the taxi duration, offers the opportunity to reduce fuel consumption, and emissions of NOX, CO and HC. Using 3510 flight data records, this paper develops a model for SET operations and presents a case study of London Heathrow, where we show that SET is regularly implemented during taxi-in. The model predicts fuel consumption and pollutant emissions with greater accuracy than previous studies that used simplistic assumptions. Without SET during taxi-in, fuel consumption and pollutant emissions would increase by up to 50%. Reducing the time before SET is initiated to the 25th percentile of recorded values would reduce fuel consumption and pollutant emissions by 7–14%, respectively, relative to current operations. Future research should investigate the practicalities of reducing the time before SET initialisation so that additional benefits of reduced fuel loadings, which would decrease fuel consumption across the whole flight, can be achieved.

scholarly journals Performance Assessment and Economic Analysis of a Gas-Fueled Islanded Microgrid—A Malaysian Case Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moslem Uddin ◽  
Mohd Fakhizan Romlie ◽  
Mohd Faris Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Load Factor ◽  
Variable Load ◽  
Utilization Factor ◽  
Part Load

In this study, the performance of an islanded gas turbine power generation system in Malaysia was investigated. Considering the low fuel efficiency of the plant during peak and part-load operations, an economic analysis was also carried out, over the period of one year (2017). The case study was conducted on the isolated electrical network of the Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS (UTP), which consists of two gas turbine units with a total capacity of 8.4 MW. Simple performance indicators were developed to assess the performance, which can also be applied to other power stations in Malaysia and elsewhere. Meanwhile, the economy of variable load operations was analyzed using the statistical data of generation, fuel consumption, and loads. The study reveals that the capacity factor of the microgrid in the period was between 52.77–63.32%, as compared to the industrial best practice of 80%. The average plant use factor for the period under review was 75.04%, with a minimum of 70.93% and a maximum of 78.61%. The load factor of the microgrid ranged from 56.68–65.47%, as compared to the international best practice of 80%, while the utilization factor was between 44.22–67.655%. This study further reveals that high fuel consumption rates, due to the peak and part-load operations, resulted in a revenue loss of approximately 17,379.793 USD per year. Based on the present performance of the microgrid, suggestions are made for the improvement of the overall performance and profitability of the system. This work can be valuable for microgrid utility research to identify the most economical operating conditions.

scholarly journals Positive effects of eco-driving in public transport: A case study of the City Novi Sad

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1 Part B) ◽  
pp. 683-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Basaric ◽  
Mladen Jambrovic ◽  
Milica Milicic ◽  
Tatjana Savkovic ◽  
Djordje Basaric ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Practical Training ◽  
Driver Education ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Negative Environmental Impact ◽  
Novi Sad ◽  
The City

Eco-driving as a concept and program is a well-developed strategy adopted to reduce fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. The paper presents the findings confirming the significance of driver education about eco-driving (through theoretical and practical training initiatives) with the aim of reducing the negative environmental impact of road transport. During the study, the drivers were tested prior to and immediately after completing the theoretical and practical education on eco-training. According to the study findings, driver education resulted in approximately 11.71% reduction in fuel consumption and average CO2 emissions. These results, along with the findings of many other studies conducted around the world, show that driver education can result in very efficient and significant reduction in fuel consumption and CO2 emissions. Therefore, it is necessary for the drivers to undergo periodical eco-driving training with specialized coaches and well-designed programs.

scholarly journals Evaluasi Kinerja Angkutan Umum Penumpang Kota Mataram (Studi Kasus : Rute Sweta – Ampenan)

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilda Yuliana ◽  
Khoirul Abadi
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Travel Speed ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Load Factor ◽  
Passenger Transport ◽  
Performance Study ◽  
Time Headway ◽  
The City

Evaluasi Kinerja Angkutan Umum Penumpang Kota Mataram (Studi Kasus : Rute Sweta – Ampenan)Performance Evaluation of Public Passenger Transport In The City of Mataram (Case Study : Route Sweta - Ampenan)Hilda Yuliana1 & Khoirul Abadi21,2Jurusan Teknik Sipil Univ.Muhammadiyah MalangAlamat Korespondensi : Jl. Tlogomas No 246 Telp (0341)464318-319 pes.130Email : 1)[email protected] Passangers Public transport that was operation in the city of  Mataram commonly called bemo is one of the means of transport that often used by peoples to condduct their daily activities, but passangers public transport in the city of Mataram for now increasingly not interested. Until now there are 165 unit fleet of public transport passangers that still operation while the capacity of passangers public transport is 12 pass/vehicle.  The purpose of this study is to know the performance of passangers public transport Sweta – Ampenan route. The method used is the empirical that used data from  static survey and dynamic survey. The result of the performance study of passangers public transport Sweta – Ampenan route obtained a load factor  average is 50,74 %, frequency average is 28 kend/hour, average time headway is 2,12 minute, and the average of travel speed is 23,93 km/hour.       Keywords: Performance, Passangers Public Transport, Mataram city AbstrakAngkutan Umum Penumpang yang beroperasi di Kota Mataram biasa disebut bemo adalah salah satu sarana transportasi yang sering digunakan masyarakat untuk melakukan aktifitas sehari – hari, namun angkutan umum penumpang tersebut saat ini semakin tidak diminati masyarakat. Armada angkutan umum penumpang yang masih beroperasi sampai saat ini sebesar 165 unit dengan kapasitas angkutan umum penumpang sebesar 12 pnp/kend. Tujuan dari studi ini adalah untuk mengetahui kinerja angkutan umum penumpang rute Sweta – Ampenan. Metode yang digunakan dalam studi ini yaitu metode empiris dengan menggunakan data hasil survey statis dan survey dinamis. Hasil studi kinerja angkutan umum penumpang rute Sweta – Ampenan diperoleh nilai load factor rata – rata sebesar 50,74 %, frekuensi rata-rata sebesar 28 kend/jam, headway waktu rata – rata sebesar 2,12 menit, dan kecepatan tempuh rata – rata sebesar 23,93 km/jam.Kata Kunci : Kinerja, Angkutan Umum Penumpang, Kota Mataram 

Optimization of fuel consumption in natural gas city gate station based on gas hydrate temperature (Case study: Abbas Abad station)

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 408-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahdi Deymi-Dashtebayaz ◽  
Morteza Khorsand ◽  
Hamid Reza Rahbari
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Gas Hydrate ◽  
Carbon Tax ◽  
Measured Temperature ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Temperature Regulator ◽  
Natural Gas Pipelines ◽  
The City

A new approach has been presented for optimization of fuel consumption in the natural gas city gate station. In the city gate station, the temperature drops because of pressure drop has been occurred. In this case, the gas temperature may be reached to natural gas hydrates’ temperature and therefore natural gas pipelines are blocked. To avoid this condition, natural gas is preheated. Heating of natural gas should be in the range to avoid the gas hydrated temperature as well as, if possible, lower fuel consumption. For this purpose, the minimum possible temperature regulator output has been defined. The minimum temperature is based on gas hydrate temperature and has been calculated by applying fundamental thermodynamic equations and the equation of state. For validation of proposed method, the results have been compared to the measured temperature of Abbas Abad CGS. The validation shows that the proposed method has reduced fuel consumption by about 35%. The results show the price of reduced fuel consumption and carbon tax has been dropped in a year, also producing carbon dioxide because of incomplete combustion is significantly reduced.

Study of Interior Materials as Passive Fire Protection in Karaoke Building (Case Study: Masterpiece Signature Family KTV Medan)

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-43
Author(s):  
Saras Ayu Faradita ◽  
Vinky Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Fire Protection ◽  
Analytical Hierarchy Process ◽  
Passive Protection ◽  
Fire Incident ◽  
Fire Disaster ◽  
Passive Fire Protection ◽  
Protection Systems ◽  
Hierarchy Process ◽  
The City

The fire incident in karaoke buildings in Indonesia which claimed many lives has occurred several times. According to the National Academy of Science US, the smoke toxins that come out of the fire disaster cause 50-80% of deaths. Refers to the data, it is necessary to check further about the building material response to fire during a fire incident. Masterpiece Signature Karaoke is a karaoke building that classified as large and magnificent in the city of Medan which has various material so that it is necessary to study the interior material as passive fire protection. The purpose is to find out how to assess the reliability of fire passive protection regard to the interior materials and recommendations or descriptions of right interior material planning using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). This method is efficacious to solve the problem of reliability in using interior materials as passive fire protection in Masterpiece Signature Family KTV Medan building with the results of an Adequate Level of reliability. Then, design recommendations were given for the use of interior materials in karaoke building to improve the reliability results to be better.The results are useful as information for other researchers and karaoke buildings regarding passive fire protection systems at the Masterpiece Signature Family KTV Medan.

Emplacing Berlin: Digital Itineraries and Short-term Study Abroad in the City

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard B. Apgar
Keyword(s):  
Study Abroad ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Study Abroad Programs ◽  
Term Study ◽  
Digital Maps ◽  
Short Term Study ◽  
The City

As destination of choice for many short-term study abroad programs, Berlin offers students of German language, culture and history a number of sites richly layered with significance. The complexities of these sites and the competing narratives that surround them are difficult for students to grasp in a condensed period of time. Using approaches from the spatial humanities, this article offers a case study for enhancing student learning through the creation of digital maps and itineraries in a campus-based course for subsequent use during a three-week program in Berlin. In particular, the concept of deep mapping is discussed as a means of augmenting understanding of the city and its history from a narrative across time to a narrative across the physical space of the city. As itineraries, these course-based projects were replicated on site. In moving from the digital environment to the urban landscape, this article concludes by noting meanings uncovered and narratives formed as we moved through the physical space of the city.

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