Phosphorus recovery from wastewater by struvite in response to initial nutrients concentration and nitrogen/phosphorus molar ratio

2021 ◽  
pp. 147970
Author(s):  
Yazhou Wang ◽  
Jiawan Mou ◽  
Xiaoning Liu ◽  
Jianbo Chang
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Recovery ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Nutrients Concentration ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

scholarly journals Effects of serpentinite fertilizer on the chemical properties and enzyme activity of young spruce soils

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 401-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Błońska ◽  
Kazimierz Januszek ◽  
Stanisław Małek ◽  
Tomasz Wanic
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Tree Roots ◽  
Forest Zone ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
One Year ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus ◽  
Experimental Plots

AbstractThe experimental plots used in the study were located in the middle forest zone (elevation: 900-950 m a.s.l.) on two nappes of the flysch Carpathians in southern Poland. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of serpentinite in combination with nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers on selected chemical properties of the soil and activity of dehydrogenase and urease in the studied soils. All fertilizer treatments significantly enriched the tested soils in magnesium. The use of serpentinite as a fertilizer reduced the molar ratio of exchangeable calcium to magnesium, which facilitated the uptake of magnesium by tree roots due to competition between calcium and magnesium. After one year of fertilization on the Wisła experimental plot, the pH of the Ofh horizon increased, while the pH of the mineral horizons significantly decreased. Enrichment of serpentinite with nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers stimulated the dehydrogenase activity in the studied organic horizon. The lack of a negative effect of the serpentinite fertilizer on enzyme activity in the spruce stand soil showed that the concentrations of the heavy metals added to the soil were not high enough to be toxic and indicated the feasibility of using this fertilizer in forestry.

Effects of phosphorus recovery requirements on Swedish sludge management

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 435-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Levlin ◽  
M. Löwén ◽  
K. Stark ◽  
B. Hultman
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Phosphorus Recovery ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Sludge Management ◽  
Small Stream ◽  
Sludge Disposal

Expected requirements of phosphorus recovery, restrictions on sludge disposal on landfill, and difficulties in obtaining consensus on sludge use on agricultural land has led to several development works in Sweden to change sludge management methods. Especially sludge fractionation has gained interest including following steps to recover products and separate transfer of toxic substances into a small stream. Commercial systems are offered based on technology by Cambi/KREPRO and BioCon and other companies and many other methods are under development. Iron salts are widely used in Sweden as precipitation agents for phosphorus removal and this technology has some disadvantages for phosphorus recovery compared with the use of biological phosphorus removal. The amount of chemicals needed for a KREPRO or a BioCon system was calculated for a treatment plant which has an addition of iron salt resulting in 1,900 mole Fe per tonne DS. The result was compared with the chemical consumption of recovery systems installed at plants with lower use of iron for precipitation. The chemical consumption in equivalents per tonne DS was found to be 5,000 + 6,000 * (molar ratio iron to phosphorus).

scholarly journals Co-occurrence of Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii (Woloszynska) Seenaya & Subba Raju and Microcystis panniformis Komárek et al. in Mundaú reservoir, a semiarid Brazilian ecosystem

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 322-329
Author(s):  
Ariadne do Nascimento Moura ◽  
Maria do Carmo Bittencourt-Oliveira ◽  
Mathias Alii Chia ◽  
Juliana Santos Severiano
Keyword(s):  
Canonical Correlation ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Niche Overlap ◽  
Cylindrospermopsis Raciborskii ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
N:P Ratios ◽  
Cyanobacterial Species ◽  
Physiological Adaptations ◽  
Nutrients Concentration ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

Abstract The influence of temperature and nutrients on the co-occurrence of Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii and Microcystis panniformis in Mundaú reservoir was investigated. Samples were collected bimonthly from September 2008 to March 2009 with a Van Dorn bottle at two depths (surface and bottom) (n = 16). Water temperature was greater than 22.50 °C; pH values ranged from 6.09 to 8.42; and nitrogen-phosphorus ratios were low (0.11-1.46). The low N:P ratios indicated high phosphorus input, and an eutrophic to hypereutrophic condition in the reservoir. A significant positive correlation of spatial and temporal distribution of C. raciborskii with M. panniformis was observed. Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) results revealed significant association of the biomass of most cyanobacterial species with temperature and nutrients concentration. However, these factors did not explain the co-occurrence of C. raciborskii and M. panniformis. On the other hand, morphological and physiological adaptations such as the possession of aerotopes and production of mucilage, and co-operation between the two species permitted niche overlap, and consequently the co-occurrence of C. raciborskii and M. panniformis in Mundaú reservoir.

scholarly journals KH2PO4 crystallisation from potassium chloride and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Jančaitienė ◽  
Rasa Šlinkšienė
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Potassium Chloride ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Ammonium Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Potassium Dihydrogen ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

Abstract Seeking to obtain bulk (NPK – nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium), chlorine-free fertilizers, the influence of interaction between potassium chloride and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate in aqueous solutions at temperature of 20, 40, 60 and 80°C has been investigated. Components of the solid phase have been identified by methods of chemical and instrumental analysis: radiography (X – ray), infra – red molecular absorption spectroscopy (IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It has been observed that the largest amount of solid state potassium dihydrogen phosphate was obtained at 60–80°C, when the potassium chloride and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate molar ratio is equal 0.8:0.2. Changing the molar ratio of 0.5:0.5 to 0.8:0.2, and with increasing temperature, various shaped crystals have developed in the remaining aqueous solutions with a morphology shifting from sharp needles to tetragonal prism.

scholarly journals Development of a Self-Sustaining Wastewater Treatment with Phosphorus Recovery for Small Rural Settlements

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1363
Author(s):  
Jingsi Xiao ◽  
Ulrike Alewell ◽  
Ingo Bruch ◽  
Heidrun Steinmetz
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Phosphorus Recovery ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Grey Water ◽  
Decentralized Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations ◽  
Special Soil

Global trends such as climate change and the scarcity of sustainable raw materials require adaptive, more flexible and resource-saving wastewater infrastructures for rural areas. Since 2018, in the community Reinighof, an isolated site in the countryside of Rhineland Palatinate (Germany), an autarkic, decentralized wastewater treatment and phosphorus recovery concept has been developed, implemented and tested. While feces are composted, an easy-to-operate system for producing struvite as a mineral fertilizer was developed and installed to recover phosphorus from urine. The nitrogen-containing supernatant of this process stage is treated in a special soil filter and afterwards discharged to a constructed wetland for grey water treatment, followed by an evaporation pond. To recover more than 90% of the phosphorus contained in the urine, the influence of the magnesium source, the dosing strategy, the molar ratio of Mg:P and the reaction and sedimentation time were investigated. The results show that, with a long reaction time of 1.5 h and a molar ratio of Mg:P above 1.3, constraints concerning magnesium source can be overcome and a stable process can be achieved even under varying boundary conditions. Within the special soil filter, the high ammonium nitrogen concentrations of over 3000 mg/L in the supernatant of the struvite reactor were considerably reduced. In the effluent of the following constructed wetland for grey water treatment, the ammonium-nitrogen concentrations were below 1 mg/L. This resource efficient decentralized wastewater treatment is self-sufficient, produces valuable fertilizer and does not need a centralized wastewater system as back up. It has high potential to be transferred to other rural communities.

scholarly journals BIOGEOQUÍMICA DA MATÉRIA ORGÂNICA E METAIS EM UM MANGUEZAL NA ZONA ESTUARINA URBANA, BAHIA, BRASIL

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Consuelo Lima Navarro de Andrade ◽  
Joil José Celino ◽  
Ronaldo Montenegro Barbosa ◽  
Karina Santos Garcia ◽  
Narayana Flora Costa Escobar
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Rhizophora Mangle ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Laguncularia Racemosa ◽  
Estuarine Area ◽  
Mangrove Vegetation ◽  
Concentration Factors ◽  
Natural Tracer ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

O comportamento biogeoquímico do carbono, nitrogênio, fósforo e metais, e os isótopos traçadores naturais da matéria orgânicaforam estudados nos sedimentos e plantas em 15 pontos no estuário do rio Passa Vaca, situado em área urbana de Salvador, Bahia, Brasil.Nos sedimentos, a ordem dos elementos investigados foi: Fe > Al > Ca > P > Na >Cu >K > Zn > Mn, para a espécie Laguncularia racemosa (L.)Gaertn observou-se: Na > Ca > K > Fe > Mn > Al > Zn > Cu; e para Rhizophora mangle L: Na > Ca > K > Mn > Fe > Al > Zn > Cu além decorrelações sedimento/planta na concentração dos elementos. Entretanto, os fatores de concentração para os metais pesados estiveramabaixo de 1 indicando baixa absorção destes pelas plantas. O Carbono Orgânico Total (COT) variou de 1,03 a 4,77%. A razão molar C/N eisotópicas 13C e 15C indicaram que um percentual considerável da matéria orgânica é de fonte terrestre, sendo proveniente da vegetaçãodo próprio manguezal.Palavras-chave: Metais, matéria orgânica, isótopos. ABSTRACTBIOGEOCHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC MATTER AND METALS IN A MANGROVE AT THE URBAN ESTUARINE AREA, BAHIA, BRAZIL -The biogeochemical behavior of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, metals and natural tracer isotopes of organic matter were studied insediments and plants at 15 points in the estuary of the Passa Vaca River, located in urban area of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. Sedimentelements were the order: Fe> Al> Ca> P> Na> Cu> K> Zn> Mn, for the specie Laguncularia racemosa (L.) Gaertn was observed: Na> Ca> K>Fe> Mn> Al> Zn> Cu, and Rhizophora mangle L: Na> Ca> K> Mn> Fe> Al> Zn> Cu. Correlations were also observed sediment/plant in theconcentration of elements evaluated. However, the concentration factors for heavy metals were below 1 indicating low absorption ofthese plants. The Total Organic Carbon (TOC) ranged from 1.03 to 4.77%. The molar ratio C / N and isotopic 13C and 15C indicated that asignificant percentage of organic matter is land-based sources, and from the mangrove vegetation itself.Keywords: Metals, organic matter, isotopes.

Use of Wastewater for Woodworking Enterprises for Obtain a Prolonged-Action Complex Fertilizer

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 46-49
Author(s):  
S.V. Lukashov ◽  
V.P. Gamazin
Keyword(s):  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Prolonged Action ◽  
Potassium Nutrition ◽  
Cesium 137 ◽  
Insoluble Polymer ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

The results of research on the optimal conditions for obtaining a prolonged-action complex fertilizer from wastewater from woodworking enterprises are presented. The main active substance of the fertilizer is a nitrogen-containing insoluble polymer, obtained by polycondensation of urea-formaldehyde resin with urea. To produce the finished product, the resulting polymer is mixed with ash. It was found that the maximum yield of a prolonged-action complex fertilizer based on the urea-formaldehyde polymer is achieved under the following conditions: pH = 2,0, molar ratio of formaldehyde: urea 1,0: 1,5, reaction time 3,5–4,0 h. It is shown that the fertilizer obtained can be used in agriculture to improve the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrition of plants, as well as to reduce the intake of cesium 137 radionuclides into agricultural products.

scholarly journals Phosphatase activities of spruce stand soils after serpentinite fertilisation in combination with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilisers

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Błońska ◽  
Kazimierz Januszek ◽  
Tomasz Wanic ◽  
Stanisław Małek
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Mineral Horizon ◽  
Spruce Stands ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus ◽  
Forest District ◽  
Properties Of Soil

Abstract The aim of this study was to assess the condition of soil after serpentine fertilisation by determining the activity of phosphatase and some physicochemical properties of soil. The study was conducted in southern Poland in the Wisła Forest District (49°8’12.92N 18°58’56.36E). The following variants: C - control - no fertiliser; S - ground serpentinite; SN - serpentinite + nitrogen; SP - ground serpentinite + P; SNP - ground serpentinite + NP; SNPK - ground serpentinite + NP (as above) + K. Fertilisation of serpentinite stimulates the activity of phosphatase in soil under spruce stands. The positive impact is reflected in the organic horizon. Less activity was noted in the humus-mineral horizon (AE) in all the fertiliser combinations three years after the fertilisation. Fertilisation of serpentinite improves the chemical properties - pH was increased, reduction of molar ratio of exchangeable calcium to magnesium form was noted.

scholarly journals Cyanobacterial growth and cyanophycin production with urea and ammonium as nitrogen source

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Canizales ◽  
M. Sliwszcinka ◽  
A. Russo ◽  
S. Bentvelzen ◽  
H. Temmink ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Source ◽  
Synthetic Medium ◽  
N:P Ratio ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
P Limitation ◽  
Ammonium N ◽  
Microalgae Biomass ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus ◽  
Significant Growth Inhibition

AbstractSeveral technologies have aimed to recover nitrogen directly from urine. Nitrogen recovery in these technologies was limited by the mismatch of the nitrogen-phosphorus molar ratio (N:P) of urine, being 30–46:1, and that of the final product, e.g., 1:1 in struvite and 16–22:1 in microalgae biomass. Additionally, the high nitrogen concentrations found in urine can be inhibitive for growth of microorganisms. Cyanobacteria were expected to overcome phosphorus (P) limitation in urine given their ability to store an N-rich polymer called cyanophycin. In this study, it was found that the model cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 did not experience significant growth inhibition when cultivated in synthetic medium with concentrations of 0.5 g ammonium-N L−1. In the case of urea, no inhibition was observed when having it as sole nitrogen source, but it resulted in chlorosis of the cultures when the process reached stationary phase. Synechocystis was successfully cultivated in a medium with 0.5 g ammonium-N L−1 and a N:P ratio of 276:1, showing the N:P flexibility of this biomass, reaching biomass N:P ratios up to 92:1. Phosphorus starvation resulted in cyanophycin accumulation up to 4%. Dilution of the culture in fresh medium with the addition of 118 mg N L−1 and 1.5 mg P L−1 (N:P of 174:1) resulted in a rapid and transient cyanophycin accumulation up to 11%, after which cyanophycin levels rapidly decreased to 3%.

Effect of Dissolved Ca2+ and Mg2+ in Excess Sludge on Phosphorus and Nitrogen Recovery under Acidic-Base Condition

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 2670-2676
Author(s):  
Hong Ying Yuan ◽  
Ting Wang ◽  
Yi Chen ◽  
Li Qi ◽  
Si Fang Niu
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Recovery ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Excess Sludge ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Percent Recovery ◽  
Rich Solution ◽  
Struvite Precipitation ◽  
The Impact

Calcium(Ca2+) and magnesium(Mg2+) ions dissolve out in the process of getting phosphorus-rich solution by hydrolysis and acidification of sludge. To study the effect of dissolved Ca2+ and Mg2+ on nitrogen and phosphorus recovery, this paper investigated the dissolution of NH4+, PO43-, Ca2+ and Mg2+ in the process of hydrolysis and acidification of excess sludge under the condition of different pH and discussed the impact of Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions on the recovery of nitrogen and phosphorus by struvite precipitation method. The result indicates that the adjusting of acid-base environment can contribute to the release of NH4+-N and PO43--P in the process of hydrolysis and acidification and pH=3 is the best and the best reaction time is 5 days. The fact that the molar ratio Ca2+: Mg2+ is greater than 1 has influence on nitrogen and phosphorus recovery but whether additional magnesium existed or not has little effect on the percent recovery of nitrogen and phosphorus when pH=3.

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