The core microbiome is responsible for volatile silicon and organic compounds degradation during anoxic lab scale biotrickling filter performance

Polar marine ecosystems hold the potential for bioactive compound biodiscovery, based on their untapped macro- and microorganism diversity. Characterization of polar benthic marine invertebrate-associated microbiomes is limited to few studies. This study was motivated by our interest in better understanding the microbiome structure and composition of the ascidian, Synoicum adareanum, in which palmerolide A (PalA), a bioactive macrolide with specificity against melanoma, was isolated. PalA bears structural resemblance to a hybrid nonribosomal peptide-polyketide that has similarities to microbially-produced macrolides. We conducted a spatial survey to assess both PalA levels and microbiome composition in S. adareanum in a region of the Antarctic Peninsula near Anvers Island (64°46′ S, 64°03′ W). PalA was ubiquitous and abundant across a collection of 21 ascidians (3 subsamples each) sampled from seven sites across the Anvers Island Archipelago. The microbiome composition (V3–V4 16S rRNA gene sequence variants) of these 63 samples revealed a core suite of 21 bacterial amplicon sequence variants (ASVs)—20 of which were distinct from regional bacterioplankton. ASV co-occurrence analysis across all 63 samples yielded subgroups of taxa that may be interacting biologically (interacting subsystems) and, although the levels of PalA detected were not found to correlate with specific sequence variants, the core members appeared to occur in a preferred optimum and tolerance range of PalA levels. These results, together with an analysis of the biosynthetic potential of related microbiome taxa, describe a conserved, high-latitude core microbiome with unique composition and substantial promise for natural product biosynthesis that likely influences the ecology of the holobiont.

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The bacteriome of the oral cavity in healthy dogs and dogs with periodontal disease

American Journal of Veterinary Research ◽

10.2460/ajvr.21.02.0027 ◽

2022 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Brook A. Niemiec ◽

Jerzy Gawor ◽

Shuiquan Tang ◽

Aishani Prem ◽

Janina A. Krumbeck

Keyword(s):

Oral Cavity ◽

Periodontal Disease ◽

Bacterial Species ◽

Abundant Species ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Core Microbiome ◽

The Core ◽

Severe Periodontal Disease ◽

Healthy Dogs ◽

V3 Region

Abstract OBJECTIVE To compare the bacteriome of the oral cavity in healthy dogs and dogs with various stages of periodontal disease. ANIMALS Dogs without periodontal disease (n = 12) or with mild (10), moderate (19), or severe (10) periodontal disease. PROCEDURES The maxillary arcade of each dog was sampled with a sterile swab, and swabs were submitted for next-generation DNA sequencing targeting the V1–V3 region of the 16S rRNA gene. RESULTS 714 bacterial species from 177 families were identified. The 3 most frequently found bacterial species were Actinomyces sp (48/51 samples), Porphyromonas cangingivalis (47/51 samples), and a Campylobacter sp (48/51 samples). The most abundant species were P cangingivalis, Porphyromonas gulae, and an undefined Porphyromonas sp. Porphyromonas cangingivalis and Campylobacter sp were part of the core microbiome shared among the 4 groups, and P gulae, which was significantly enriched in dogs with severe periodontal disease, was part of the core microbiome shared between all groups except dogs without periodontal disease. Christensenellaceae sp, Bacteroidales sp, Family XIII sp, Methanobrevibacter oralis, Peptostreptococcus canis, and Tannerella sp formed a unique core microbiome in dogs with severe periodontal disease. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results highlighted that in dogs, potential pathogens can be common members of the oral cavity bacteriome in the absence of disease, and changes in the relative abundance of certain members of the bacteriome can be associated with severity of periodontal disease. Future studies may aim to determine whether these changes are the cause or result of periodontal disease or the host immune response.

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Skin and Gut Microbiome in Psoriasis: Gaining Insight Into the Pathophysiology of It and Finding Novel Therapeutic Strategies

Frontiers in Microbiology ◽

10.3389/fmicb.2020.589726 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Lihui Chen ◽

Jie Li ◽

Wu Zhu ◽

Yehong Kuang ◽

Tao Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Therapeutic Strategy ◽

Therapeutic Strategies ◽

Intestinal Microbiome ◽

Core Microbiome ◽

The Core ◽

The World ◽

Novel Therapeutic Strategies ◽

Insight Into ◽

Gaining Insight

Psoriasis affects the health of myriad populations around the world. The pathogenesis is multifactorial, and the exact driving factor remains unclear. This condition arises from the interaction between hyperproliferative keratinocytes and infiltrating immune cells, with poor prognosis and high recurrence. Better clinical treatments remain to be explored. There is much evidence that alterations in the skin and intestinal microbiome play an important role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, and restoration of the microbiome is a promising preventive and therapeutic strategy for psoriasis. Herein, we have reviewed recent studies on the psoriasis-related microbiome in an attempt to confidently identify the “core” microbiome of psoriasis patients, understand the role of microbiome in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, and explore new therapeutic strategies for psoriasis through microbial intervention.

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Influence of the Intestinal Microbiota on Colonization Resistance to Salmonella and the Shedding Pattern of Naturally Exposed Pigs

mSystems ◽

10.1128/msystems.00021-19 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Héctor Argüello ◽

Jordi Estellé ◽

Finola C. Leonard ◽

Fiona Crispie ◽

Paul D. Cotter ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

16S Rrna ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Intestinal Microbiota ◽

Current Control ◽

Growing Pigs ◽

Microbiota Composition ◽

Core Microbiome ◽

The Core ◽

The Impact

ABSTRACT Salmonella colonization and infection in production animals such as pigs are a cause for concern from a public health perspective. Variations in susceptibility to natural infection may be influenced by the intestinal microbiota. Using 16S rRNA compositional sequencing, we characterized the fecal microbiome of 15 weaned pigs naturally infected with Salmonella at 18, 33, and 45 days postweaning. Dissimilarities in microbiota composition were analyzed in relation to Salmonella infection status (infected, not infected), serological status, and shedding pattern (nonshedders, single-point shedders, intermittent-persistent shedders). Global microbiota composition was associated with the infection outcome based on serological analysis. Greater richness within the microbiota postweaning was linked to pigs being seronegative at the end of the study at 11 weeks of age. Members of the Clostridia, such as Blautia, Roseburia, and Anaerovibrio, were more abundant and part of the core microbiome in nonshedder pigs. Cellulolytic microbiota (Ruminococcus and Prevotella) were also more abundant in noninfected pigs during the weaning and growing stages. Microbial profiling also revealed that infected pigs had a higher abundance of Lactobacillus and Oscillospira, the latter also being part of the core microbiome of intermittent-persistent shedders. These findings suggest that a lack of microbiome maturation and greater proportions of microorganisms associated with suckling increase susceptibility to infection. In addition, the persistence of Salmonella shedding may be associated with an enrichment of pathobionts such as Anaerobiospirillum. Overall, these results suggest that there may be merit in manipulating certain taxa within the porcine intestinal microbial community to increase disease resistance against Salmonella in pigs. IMPORTANCE Salmonella is a global threat for public health, and pork is one of the main sources of human salmonellosis. However, the complex epidemiology of the infection limits current control strategies aimed at reducing the prevalence of this infection in pigs. The present study analyzes for the first time the impact of the gut microbiota in Salmonella infection in pigs and its shedding pattern in naturally infected growing pigs. Microbiome (16S rRNA amplicon) analysis reveals that maturation of the gut microbiome could be a key consideration with respect to limiting the infection and shedding of Salmonella in pigs. Indeed, seronegative animals had higher richness of the gut microbiota early after weaning, and uninfected pigs had higher abundance of strict anaerobes from the class Clostridia, results which demonstrate that a fast transition from the suckling microbiota to a postweaning microbiota could be crucial with respect to protecting the animals.

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Efficient removal of siloxanes and volatile organic compounds from sewage biogas by an anoxic biotrickling filter supplemented with activated carbon

Bioresource Technology ◽

10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122136 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 294 ◽

pp. 122136 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Eric Santos-Clotas ◽

Alba Cabrera-Codony ◽

Ellana Boada ◽

Frederic Gich ◽

Raúl Muñoz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Volatile Organic Compounds ◽

Organic Compounds ◽

Biotrickling Filter ◽

Efficient Removal ◽

Volatile Organic

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Propolis Envelope Promotes Beneficial Bacteria in the Honey Bee (Apis mellifera) Mouthpart Microbiome

Insects ◽

10.3390/insects11070453 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 453 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hollie Dalenberg ◽

Patrick Maes ◽

Brendon Mott ◽

Kirk E. Anderson ◽

Marla Spivak

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Bacterial Diversity ◽

Honey Bee ◽

Honey Bees ◽

Bacterial Abundance ◽

Transmission Route ◽

Beneficial Bacteria ◽

Core Microbiome ◽

Nest Cavity ◽

The Core

Honey bees collect and apply plant resins to the interior of their nest cavity, in order to form a layer around the nest cavity called a propolis envelope. Propolis displays antimicrobial activity against honey bee pathogens, but the effect of propolis on the honey bee microbiome is unknown. Honey bees do not intentionally consume propolis, but they do manipulate propolis with their mouthparts. Because honey bee mouthparts are used for collecting and storing nectar and pollen, grooming and trophallaxis between adults, feeding larvae, and cleaning the colony, they are an important interface between the bees’ external and internal environments and serve as a transmission route for core gut bacteria and pathogens alike. We hypothesized that the antimicrobial activity of an experimentally applied propolis envelope would influence the bacterial diversity and abundance of the worker mouthpart microbiome. The results revealed that the mouthparts of worker bees in colonies with a propolis envelope exhibited a significantly lower bacterial diversity and significantly higher bacterial abundance compared to the mouthparts of bees in colonies without a propolis envelope. Based on the taxonomic results, the propolis envelope appeared to reduce pathogenic or opportunistic microbes and promote the proliferation of putatively beneficial microbes on the honey bee mouthparts, thus reinforcing the core microbiome of the mouthpart niche.

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21 Profiling sow vaginal and fecal and piglet gastrointestinal microbiome and the passage of sow microbiome to their progeny from birth to weaning

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skz258.039 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽

pp. 21-21

Author(s):

Huyen Tran ◽

Brenda de Rodas ◽

Manohar M Lahoti ◽

Timothy J Johnson

Keyword(s):

Alpha Diversity ◽

Illumina Miseq ◽

Amplicon Sequencing ◽

Gastrointestinal Microbiome ◽

Core Microbiome ◽

Linear Discriminant ◽

Fecal Microbiome ◽

The Core ◽

Vaginal Swabs ◽

Sampling Points

Abstract The objectives of this study were 1) to profile the sow vaginal and fecal microbiome and the corresponding piglet gastrointestinal microbiome from birth to weaning, and 2) to identify the core microbiome shared between sows and piglets. A total of 226 samples collected from sows (vaginal swabs pre-farrow; fecal samples at farrow, d 3, 7, 10, 17 post-farrow) and their progenies (stomach, ileum, and colon digesta at birth, d 2, and 14 after birth) were used for the analyses of microbial community structure using 16S rRNA V4 amplicon sequencing with Illumina MiSeq. Our data indicated that the piglet and sow microbiome were quite distinct. Piglets had lower bacterial alpha diversity (chao1, richness, Shannon, Simpson indices; P < 0.01) than sows across all timepoints. Beta diversity of piglets by sample types was significantly different (P < 0.001) than sows by sample types when averaged across all timepoints or separation by timepoints. Feature selection by the Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) indicated that the genera associated with piglets included those classified as Lactobacillus, unclassified Micrococcaceae, and Rothia when averaged across sampling points and sample types. Genera associated with sows included those classified as Treponema, YRC22, Unclassified RF39, Unclassified Christensenellaceae, Turicibacter, Unclassified RFP12, Unclassified F16, Collinsella, Coprococcus, Unclassified Coriobacteriaceae, and Unclassified Mogibacteriaceae. The genera shared between sow vaginal samples and piglets included those classified as Bacteroides, Fusobacterium, Haemophilus, Prevotella, Veillonella, and unclassified Clostridiadiaceae. The genera shared between sow fecal and piglet samples included those classified as Bacteroides, Lactobacillus, unclassified Clostridiadiaceae, unclassified Ruminococceae, and Prevotella. Overall, there are evidences that bacterial genera were passed from sows to piglets and influenced the microbial communities of piglets later in life.

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Treatment of air polluted with methanol vapours in biofilters with and without percolationThis article is one of a selection of papers published in this Special Issue on Biological Air Treatment.

Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering ◽

10.1139/l09-137 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 36 (12) ◽

pp. 1911-1918 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Antonio Avalos Ramirez ◽

Sandrine Bénard ◽

Anne Giroir-Fendler ◽

J. Peter Jones ◽

Michèle Heitz

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Production Rate ◽

Removal Efficiency ◽

Nitrogen Concentration ◽

Carbon Dioxide Production ◽

Elimination Capacity ◽

Biotrickling Filter ◽

Filter Performance ◽

Carbon Dioxide Production Rate ◽

Maximum Elimination Capacity

Air polluted with methanol vapours was treated in a biofilter and a biotrickling filter, both packed with inert materials. The effects of the nitrogen concentration present in the nutrient solution, the empty bed residence time, and the methanol inlet load, on the biofilter and biotrickling filter performance were all examined and compared. The elimination capacity, the biomass and the carbon dioxide production rates all increased with the increase of the parameters tested. The maximum elimination capacity for the biotrickling filter was 240 g·m–3·h–1 with corresponding removal efficiency of 75% and carbon dioxide production rate of 10 g·m–3·h–1, whereas the maximum elimination capacity for the biofilter was 80 g·m–3·h–1 with corresponding removal efficiency of 35% and carbon dioxide production rate of 70 g·m–3·h–1. The biomass production rate was similar for both the biofilter and the biotrickling filter. The carbon dioxide production rate was higher by a factor of 2 to 9 for the biofilter compared to the biotrickling filter.

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