SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC AND LIFESTYLE FACTORS OF METABOLIC SYNDROME AMONG ADULT RURAL INDIGENOUS MALAYSIAN POPULATION FROM PERAK STATE, MALAYSIA

Introduction: Vitamin D deficiency has been linked to the increased risk of several chronic diseases, especially in people living in the Northern Latitudes. The aim of this study was to assess the vitamin D status in older subjects born in 1945 in Northern Finland (latitude 65°North), and to examine its associations to components of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we invited 904 subjects born in 1945 from the Oulu region (Oulu45 cohort), out of an original cohort of 1332 subjects. In the cohort, plasma 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels were determined by an enzyme immunoassay of 263 men and 373 women, with a mean age baseline of 69±0.5 years old. We assessed the participants’ usage of vitamin D supplements, as well as their lifestyle factors, using a questionnaire. Results: Nearly 80% of the subjects had low vitamin D levels [either vitamin D deficient (<50 nmol/L) or insufficient (50 – 75 nmol/L)], and only 20% of the participants had sufficient vitamin D levels (>75 nmol/L) (based on the American Endocrine Society guidelines). The low vitamin D status was associated with a high prevalence of MetS; a significantly higher number of subjects with MetS (41%) had low vitamin D levels in comparison to the non-MetS subjects (38%) (p ≤ 0.05). The subjects under vitamin D supplementation had a significantly lower incidence of MetS (42.6% vs 57.4%) and its components in comparison to the non-supplemented subjects (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusions: Low vitamin D levels are a risk factor for MetS amongst other lifestyle factors, such as dietary habits and physical inactivity, among older subjects in the Northern Latitudes (65°North). Optimal supplementation of vitamin D, along with rich dietary sources of vitamin D, are highly recommended for older subjects as a means to positively affect, e.g., hypertension, insulin resistance, and obesity, as components of the MetS.

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Prevalence of and lifestyle factors associated with metabolic syndrome determined using multi-level models in Chinese adults from a cross-sectional survey

Medicine ◽

10.1097/md.0000000000022883 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 99 (44) ◽

pp. e22883

Author(s):

Tao Xu ◽

Guangjin Zhu ◽

Shaomei Han

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Lifestyle Factors ◽

Chinese Adults ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Multi Level

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Leisure-Time Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour and Diet Quality are Associated with Metabolic Syndrome Severity: The PREDIMED-Plus Study

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12041013 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 1013 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Laura Gallardo-Alfaro ◽

Maria del Mar Bibiloni ◽

Catalina M. Mascaró ◽

Sofía Montemayor ◽

Miguel Ruiz-Canela ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Diet Quality ◽

Dietary Pattern ◽

Severity Score ◽

Leisure Time ◽

Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽

Lifestyle Factors ◽

Depression Symptoms ◽

Depression Risk

Healthy lifestyle factors, such as physical activity (PA) and Mediterranean diet (MD), decrease the likelihood of developing metabolic syndrome (MetS). The aim of this study was to report main lifestyle components and related factors according to the MetS severity. Cross-sectional analysis was done of baseline lifestyle factors from 5739 participants with overweight/obesity and MetS features (aged 55–75 years) included in the PREDIMED-PLUS primary cardiovascular prevention randomized trial. Participants were categorized in tertiles according to a validated MetS severity score (MetSSS). Anthropometrics, visceral adiposity index, dietary nutrient intake, biochemical marker levels, as well as a Dietary Inflammatory Index and depression symptoms (Beck Depression Inventory-II) were measured. Diet quality was assessed using a 17-item energy-restricted MD questionnaire. Duration and intensity of PA was self-reported using the Minnesota-REGICOR Short Physical Activity Questionnaire. Sedentary behaviours were measured using the Spanish version of the Nurses’ Health Study questionnaire. The 30 s chair stand test was also assessed. Participants with highest MetSSS showed higher values of cardiovascular risk factors (except for total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol), depression risk, sedentary and TV viewing time, and lower moderate and vigorous leisure-time physical activity (LTPA). Highest MetSSS participants tended to a pro-inflammatory dietary pattern and tended to lower MD adherence. In addition, they showed lower carbohydrate and nut intake and higher intake of protein, saturated and trans fatty acids, cholesterol, iodine, sodium, red and processed meat products, other oils different from olive oil and spirit alcoholic drinks. The highest MetS severity score was associated with lower moderate and vigorous LTPA and higher sedentary time and depression risk, as they tended to a pro-inflammatory dietary pattern and lower MD adherence.

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Cloninger’s Temperament Dimensions, Socio-economic and Lifestyle Factors and Metabolic Syndrome Markers at Age 31 Years in the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966

Journal of Health Psychology ◽

10.1177/1359105307074301 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 371-382 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

Ulla Sovio ◽

Vanessa King ◽

Jouko Miettunen ◽

Ellen Ek ◽

Jaana Laitinen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Birth Cohort ◽

Lifestyle Factors

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A cross-sectional study of dietary patterns with glucose intolerance and other features of the metabolic syndrome

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114500000337 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 83 (3) ◽

pp. 257-266 ◽

Cited By ~ 160

Author(s):

Desmond E. M. Williams ◽

A. Toby Prevost ◽

Margaret J. Whichelow ◽

Brian D. Cox ◽

Nicholas E. Day ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Glucose Intolerance ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Lifestyle Factors ◽

Undiagnosed Diabetes ◽

Oral Glucose ◽

Study Cohort ◽

Metabolic Syndrome Component ◽

Balanced Diet ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome

Previous epidemiological studies have demonstrated relationships between individual nutrients and glucose intolerance and type 2 diabetes, but the association with the overall pattern of dietary intake has not previously been described. In order to characterize this association, 802 subjects aged 40–65 years were randomly selected from a population-based sampling frame and underwent a 75 g oral glucose-tolerance test. Principal component analysis was used to identify four dietary patterns explaining 31·7 % of the dietary variation in the study cohort. These dietary patterns were associated with other lifestyle factors including socio-economic group, smoking, alcohol intake and physical activity. Component 1 was characterized by a healthy balanced diet with a frequent intake of raw and salad vegetables, fruits in both summer and winter, fish, pasta and rice and low intake of fried foods, sausages, fried fish, and potatoes. This component was negatively correlated with central obesity, fasting plasma glucose, 120 min non-esterified fatty acid and triacylglycerol, and positively correlated with HDL-cholesterol. It therefore appears to be protective for the metabolic syndrome. Component 1 was negatively associated with the risk of having undiagnosed diabetes, and this association was independent of age, sex, smoking and obesity. The findings support the hypothesis that dietary patterns are associated with other lifestyle factors and with glucose intolerance and other features of the metabolic syndrome. The results provide further evidence for the recommendation of a healthy balanced diet as one of the main components of chronic disease prevention.

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