On the spatial and temporal dependence of CO2 emission on soil properties in sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) production

2015 ◽  
Vol 148 ◽  
pp. 127-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mara Regina Moitinho ◽  
Milton Parron Padovan ◽  
Alan Rodrigo Panosso ◽  
Daniel De Bortoli Teixeira ◽  
Antonio Sergio Ferraudo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Temporal Dependence ◽  
Saccharum Spp

scholarly journals Impacts of prescribed burning on soil greenhouse gas fluxes in a suburban native forest of south-eastern Queensland, Australia

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 6279-6290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Zhao ◽  
Y. Z. Wang ◽  
Z. H. Xu ◽  
L. Fu
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Exchange Rates ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Prescribed Burning ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
C And N ◽  
Ch4 Uptake ◽  
Surface Soil Properties

Abstract. Prescribed burning is a forest management practice that is widely used in Australia to reduce the risk of damaging wildfires. Prescribed burning can affect both carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling in the forest and thereby influence the soil-atmosphere exchange of major greenhouse gases, i.e. carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O). To quantify the impact of a prescribed burning (conducted on 27 May 2014) on greenhouse gas exchange and the potential controlling mechanisms, we carried out a series of field measurements before (August 2013) and after (August 2014 and November 2014) the fire. Gas exchange rates were determined in four replicate plots which were burned during the combustion and in another four adjacent unburned plots located in green islands, using a set of static chambers. Surface soil properties including temperature, pH, moisture, soil C and N pools were also determined either by in situ measurement or by analysing surface 10 cm soil samples. All of the chamber measurements indicated a net sink of atmospheric CH4, with mean CH4 uptake ranging from 1.15 to 1.99 mg m−2 d−1. Prescribed burning significantly enhanced CH4 uptake as indicated by the significant higher CH4 uptake rates in the burned plots measured in August 2014. In the following 3 months, the CH4 uptake rate was recovered to the pre-burning level. Mean CO2 emission from the forest soils ranged from 2721.76 to 7113.49 mg m−2 d−1. The effect of prescribed burning on CO2 emission was limited within the first 3 months, as no significant difference was observed between the burned and the adjacent unburned plots in both August and November 2014. The CO2 emissions showed more seasonal variations, rather than the effects of prescribed burning. The N2O emission in the plots was quite low, and no significant impact of prescribed burning was observed. The changes in understory plants and litter layers, surface soil temperature, C and N substrate availability and microbial activities, following the prescribed burning, were the factors that controlled the greenhouse gas exchanges. Our results suggested that the low-intensity prescribed burning would decrease soil CO2 emission and increase CH4 uptake, but this effect would be present within a relatively short period. Only slight changes in the surface soil properties during the combustion and very limited impacts of prescribed burning on the mineral soils supported the rapid recovery of the greenhouse gas exchange rates.

scholarly journals Effect of Tillage Practices and Rice Straw Management on Soil Environment and Carbon Dioxide Emission

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
MM Rahman ◽  
JC Biswas ◽  
M Maniruzzaman ◽  
AK Choudhury ◽  
F Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Minimum Tillage ◽  
Tillage Practices ◽  
Tillage Operations ◽  
Straw Application

Carbon (C) inputs and tillage intensity impinge on C degradation and thus CO2 emission and soil properties get influenced. Information on CO2 emission and soil properties under different tillage practices and straw application in rice based cropping system in Bangladesh is lacking. The effects of rice straw and tillage operations on CO2 emission and soil properties were quantified in four consecutive seasons of transplanted Aman and Boro rice grown under two tillage operations (minimum and traditional) and three levels of rice straw (control, incorporation and mulch) during 2010 to 2012. Irrespective of tillage practices, CO2 emission peak reached after 3-4 weeks of straw application. Carbon dioxide emission ranged from 26 to 59 kg ha-1 day-1 under minimum tillage and 25 to 96 kg ha-1 day-1 under traditional tillage. Minimum tillage accumulated more C in soil, which could be attributed to lower rates of emission and straw degradation. Carbon degradation rate constants, k were 0.000300 and 0.000394 (day-1) under minimum and traditional tillage, respectively. Small increment in soil C might help reducing CO2 in the atmosphere. Mineralization of straw increased nutrient contents and thereby improved the soil fertility and availability to the crops for nutrients’ uptake. Traditional tillage significantly reduced soil bulk density and increased field capacity of the soil, whereas in addition, rice straw application furthermore increased permanent wilting point and available water content in the soil. The present study may help in identifying suitable tillage and residue management options in reducing CO2 emission from rice fields.The Agriculturists 2017; 15(1) 127-142

scholarly journals Variation of soil properties in different cultivars of spring wheat crop

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vaida Steponavičienė ◽  
Aušra Sinkevičienė ◽  
Lina Skinulienė ◽  
Alfredas Sinkevičius ◽  
Darija Jodaugienė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Soil Type ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Soil Humidity ◽  
Mobile Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Research Period

The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of spring wheat cultivars on soil properties. In 2017 the experiment was conducted at Kastytis Andriulis’s farm located in Užguriai Village, Vaiguva Eldership, Kelmė District. Three cultivars of spring wheat were selected for this research: ‘Vanek’, ‘KWS Akvilon’ and ‘Rospuda’. The ‘Vanek’ cultivar was chosen as a control. The soil type is defined as Dystric Albeluvisols. Different cultivars of spring wheat unequally affected the soil humidity and temperature. During the research period, the largest CO2 emission was determined in the ‘KWS Akvilon’ crop. Different cultivars of spring wheat had no significant impact on the soil pHKCl. Increased levels of net nitrogen, mobile phosphorus and potassium were detected in the soil after the harvest of ‘Rospuda’ and ‘KWS Akvilon’ cultivars.

ANÁLISE GEOESTATÍSTICA DA EMISSÃO DE CO2 E MACROPOROSIDADE DE UM LATOSSOLO VERMELHO EUTROFÉRRICO SOB CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 349
Author(s):  
Rose Luiza Moraes Tavares ◽  
Milton César Costa Campos ◽  
Zigomar Menezes de Souza ◽  
Newton La Scala
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Geostatistical Analysis ◽  
Soil Co2 ◽  
Saccharum Spp ◽  
Soil Co2 Emission ◽  
Efficiency Conversion ◽  
Red Latosol

O estudo da emissão de CO2 do solo em sistemas de manejo de cana-de-açúcar é um importante indicativo da qualidade do solo e um enfoque que pode elucidar a alguns questionamentos sobre a eficiência da conversão do sistema de cana queimada em cana crua. Baseado nisso, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a variabilidade espacial da emissão de CO2 e macroporosidade do solo em sistemas de cana-de-açúcar com e sem queima. Nas áreas em estudo foi instalada uma malha amostral (100 x 100 m) com pontos espaçados em 1, 2 e 10 m. A avaliação de CO2 foi realizada nos pontos da malha amostral de forma simultânea, nas duas áreas, por 9 dias das 7:00 as 11:00 h, com auxílio de câmaras de solo (modelo LI-8100). Amostras indeformadas foram coletadas na camada superficial do solo (0,00-0,10 m) com auxílio de anéis volumétricos de kopeck para análises de densidade, macro e microporosidade do solo. A emissão de CO2 e macroporosidade do solo apresentaram tendências similares na análise descritiva e geoestatística, ou seja, pode-se concluir que a macroporosidade do solo influenciou a emissão de CO2 em sistemas de manejo de cana-de-açúcar.Palavras-chave: Variabilidade espacial, macroporosidade, respiração do solo, cana crua, Saccharum spp.  GEOSTATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF CO2 EMISSION AND MACROPOROSITY OF RED LATOSOL EUTROFERRIC UNDER SUGARCANE CULTIVATIONABSTRACT: Soil CO2 emission is an important soil quality indicator and an approach that can answer questions about the efficiency conversion from“burnt cane” to “green cane” systems. This work aimed to evaluate the spatial variability of CO2 emission and soil macroporosity attributes from sugarcane cultivation systems with and without burning. A sample grid (100 x 100 m) with points spaced at 1, 2 and 10 m was installed in experimental areas. CO2 evaluation was carried out at the all points grid in the both areas simultaneously, for 9 days, from 7:00 to 11:00 h, with soil chambers (model LI-8100). Undeformed soil samples were collected from superficial soil depth (0.00-0.10 m) using volumetric rings for soil bulk density, macro and microporosity analyzes. CO2 emission and macroporosity showed similar trends in descriptive and geostatistical analysis.  Therfore, it can be concluded that  soil macroporosity influenced  CO2 emission in sugarcane management systems.KEYWORDS: Geostatistic. Macroporosity. Soil respiration. Saccharum spp.

scholarly journals Combined Application of Biochar and Lime Increases Maize Yield and Accelerates Carbon Loss from an Acidic Soil

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1313
Author(s):  
Mehnaz Mosharrof ◽  
Md. Kamal Uddin ◽  
Muhammad Firdaus Sulaiman ◽  
Shamim Mia ◽  
Shordar M. Shamsuzzaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Nutrient Availability ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Acidic Soil ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Carbon Loss ◽  
Yield Improvement ◽  
Changes In Soil Properties

Biochar, an ecologically friendly soil amendment, is suggested for large-scale field application for its multiple potential benefits, including carbon sequestration, crop yield improvement, and the abatement of greenhouse gas emissions. However, it is unknown how effective it is in changing soil properties and its associated yield improvement when biochar is co-applied with lime in acidic soil. Here, we examined the effects of two different biochars, i.e., rice husk biochar (RHB) and oil palm empty fruit bunches biochar (EFBB), and lime on nutrient availability, the yield of maize, and soil CO2 emission of acid soil. Biochars were applied at two different rates (10 and 15 t ha−1) in combination with two rates of lime (100% and 75%), while the recommended rate of NPK fertilizers, 100% lime, and without any amendments (control) were also included. Hybrid sweet corn was grown in pots with 20 kg soils for 75 days. Plant performance and soil analyses were performed before and after crop maize cultivation while CO2 emission was recorded. Compared to the control, combined RHB biochars with lime significantly buffered soil pH and increased nutrient availability (e.g., P by 137%), while reducing Al and Fe concentration at harvest. These changes in soil properties significantly increased maize yield (by 77.59%) and nutrient uptake compared to the control. Between the two biochars, RHB was relatively more effective in making these changes than EFBB. However, this treatment contributed to a greater carbon loss as CO2 (209% and 145% higher with RHB and EFBB) from soil than the control. We believe that biochar-mediated buffering of soil pH is responsible for this change. Our results suggest that combined biochar application could bring desirable changes in soil properties and increase crop performance, although these effects can be short-lived.

scholarly journals Carbon Stock, Sequestration and Soil Properties among Fields in Smallholder Farms in Southern Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fanuel Laekemariam
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Fallow Land ◽  
Smallholder Farms ◽  
Crop Field ◽  
C Stock

Abstract Background Soil organic carbon (SOC) is key indicator of soil quality and health. It has substantial benefits to the ecosystem. Information on the magnitude of carbon pools under field scale of subsistence farms is scanty. This study aimed to assess carbon stock, sequestration and soil properties among different fields in smallholder farms of southern Ethiopia. Five field types within a farm were investigated viz. coffee (Coffea arabica L.), enset (Ensete ventricosum), root and tuber crop field (RTC), crop field used for growing cereals and pulses, and fallow land. For each field, eight representative fields as a replication were selected. Surface soil samples were collected, and analyzed to determine soil physico-chemical properties. In addition, C stock, C-sequestration, and CO2 emission were also evaluated. Results The result regarding soil properties revealed significant differences in almost all of investigated parameters. The minimum and maximum values being recorded were: bulk density (BD) (1.05, 1.29 gm cm-3), pH (6.1, 7.0), SOC (1.1, 2.48%), TN (0.09-0.19%), available P (1.1, 70.9 mg/kg), total exchangeable bases (9.5, 20.5 Cmolc/kg), K/Mg (0.37,1.02), B (0.4, 1.2 mg/kg) Cu (0.32, 0.91 mg/kg), Zn (5, 20.5 mg/kg), Fe (105.5, 133.8 mg/kg) and CEC (18.6, 27.5 mg/kg). Fields in the backyard (enset and coffee) showed lowest BD and maximum values of soil chemical properties. On contrary, highest BD and lowest values of chemical parameters were observed in crop and fallow fields. The result further indicated that the field that stocked and sequestered more carbon, and emitted less CO2 was coffee > enset > RTC > crop field > fallow land. C-stock and sequestration (t/ha) magnitude was being: coffee (81.4, 298.5), enset (75.5, 277.0), RTC (68.8, 252.6), crop field (57.5, 211.0) and fallow (43.3, 159). Using coffee field as least CO2 emitter and as the base value for comparison, the percentage increment in CO2 emission out of the sequestered carbon was 7.2% (enset), 15.4% (RTC), 29.3% (crop field) and 46.7% (fallow).Soil deterioration index (%) relative to coffee field for OC, N, P, and K in their order was as follows: enset [-2.8, 0, 254.5, 23.1], RTC [-17.7, -31.6, -59.5, -34.6], crop field [-35, -47.4,-79, -46] and fallow [-55.7, -52.6, -94.5,and -76.9]. Conclusion Different fields within smallholder farms exhibited significant variation in amount of carbon sequestered, CO2 emission, soil degradation and soil properties. Thus, climate smart soil management practices that would enhance carbon pool and simultaneously increasing soil quality are suggested e.g., integrated nutrient management.

scholarly journals Soil CO2 emission and its relation to soil properties in sugarcane areas under Slash-and-burn and Green harvest

2011 ◽  
Vol 111 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.R. Panosso ◽  
J. Marques ◽  
D.M.B.P. Milori ◽  
A.S. Ferraudo ◽  
D.M. Barbieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Soil Co2 ◽  
Slash And Burn ◽  
Soil Co2 Emission

scholarly journals Optimal Coupling of Straw and Synthetic Fertilizers Incorporation on Soil Properties, Active Fe Dynamics, and Greenhouse Gas Emission in Jasminum sambac (L.) Field in Southeastern China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1092 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Wang ◽  
Qingwen Min ◽  
Abbas Abid ◽  
Jordi Sardans ◽  
Honghui Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
N2o Emissions ◽  
Synthetic Fertilizers ◽  
Ch4 And N2o ◽  
Jasminum Sambac

In agriculture, synthetic fertilizers have played a key role in enhancing food production and keeping the world’s population adequately fed. China’s participation is essential to global efforts in reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions because it is the largest producer and consumer of synthetic fertilizers. A field experiment was conducted in a Jasminum sambac (L.) field to evaluate the impact different doses of fertilizers (half, standard, and double) and their combination with straw on ecosystem (including crop plants and soil) GHG emissions. The results showed that in comparison with the control or straw treatments, the straw + standard fertilizer treatment increased the soil water content. The fertilizer treatments decreased the soil pH, but the straw and combination treatments, especially the straw + standard fertilizer treatment, had higher soil pH in comparison with the fertilizer treatment. The active soil Fe (Fe2+ and Fe3+) concentration was slightly increased in the straw + standard fertilizer treatment in comparison with the control. Moreover, fertilizer increased the CO2 emission, and we detected a positive interaction between the straw application and the double fertilization dose that increased CO2 emission, but the straw + standard fertilizer treatment decreased it. Fertilizer decreased CH4 and N2O emissions, but when straw and fertilizer treatments were applied together, this increased CH4 and N2O emissions. Overall, considering the soil properties and GHG emissions, the straw + standard fertilizer treatment was the best method to enhance soil water retention capacity, improve soil acid, and mitigate greenhouse gas emissions for sustainable management of J. sambac dry croplands.

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