Traditional uses and local management practices of Adansonia digitata L. in different Ethnic groups of Quara district, North West low land of Ethiopia

Taenia saginata is the causative agent of bovine cysticercosis, a zoonotic parasitic disease with a worldwide distribution. Bovine cysticercosis is considered to be an important food safety issue responsible for human taeniasis and a major economic concern since infected carcasses undergo condemnation, freezing and downgrading. The aim of the current investigation was to assess the presence of farm-level risk factors for bovine cysticercosis in an endemic area in North-West Italy. A questionnaire was designed to collect information relating to several farm structural features, as well as management practices, environmental characteristics and attitudes of farmers. The questionnaire was administered in two separate time intervals by direct interview to previously selected case and control farms. Overall, 32 case farms and 131 control farms were included between 2005 and 2011 and 50 case farms and 192 control farms were included between 2014 and 2020. The present survey showed a significant association between the detection of bovine cysticercosis cases at slaughter and farm proximity to picnic spots, closeness of wastewater treatment plant effluents, loose-housing systems and presence of employees along with the family members, highlighting the need for targeted awareness raising policies.

Download Full-text

The northern Australian beef industry, a snapshot. 3. Annual liveweight gains from pasture based systems

Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1071/ea03098 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 45 (9) ◽

pp. 1093 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

G. Bortolussi ◽

J. G. McIvor ◽

J. J. Hodgkinson ◽

S. G. Coffey ◽

C. R. Holmes

Keyword(s):

Western Australia ◽

Management Practices ◽

Production Systems ◽

Northern Territory ◽

Production Environment ◽

Beef Industry ◽

Finishing Cattle ◽

North West ◽

Northern Regions ◽

Central Highlands

The herd performance of 375 northern Australian beef producers during the 1991 and 1992 to 1995 and 1996 financial years was surveyed in 1996 and 1997. Estimates were made of annual liveweight gain from production systems based on native and improved pastures together with hormonal growth promotant use and supplementation practices. The most commonly used pasture communities for growing and finishing cattle were black speargrass and brigalow communities in Central Coastal Queensland and the Central Highlands; black speargrass in Northern Queensland; Mitchell grass and gidgee in Central Western and North-west Queensland; Mitchell grass in the Northern Territory and northern Western Australia regions and brigalow–softwood scrub in the Maranoa South West. There was considerable variation and overlap in the production ranges of the various pasture communities. The estimates and ranges of annual liveweight gains were comparable with measurements from scientific and commercial studies for 3 major pasture communities (black speargrass, brigalow and Mitchell grass). On this basis, the annual liveweight gain data are considered to represent sound estimates of performance from the pasture communities and husbandry systems in use in northern Australia. Mean annual gains for pasture communities in the more northern regions tended to be <150 kg/year. Half the survey group used hormonal growth promotants but use varied between regions with lowest levels in Central Coastal Queensland (30%) and highest usage in the Central Highlands (59%). Steers and bullocks were the most commonly implanted class of cattle. Supplementation periods tended to be longest in more northern regions. Nitrogen was a component of >90% of the supplements offered. The percentage of producers supplementing various classes of cattle varied widely (0–77%). Steers were often the least supplemented class and weaners were the most common. The highest percentage of producers (>68%) supplementing weaners was found in North-west and Northern Queensland, the Northern Territory and northern Western Australia. Significant correlations explaining 3–23% of the variance were found between annual liveweight gain and latitude and/or longitude for native black speargrass and Mitchell grass pasture communities and improved brigalow pastures. Generally, annual liveweight gain increased with increasing latitude and longitude. The results are discussed in relation to herd management practices and sources of variation in the northern Australian production environment.

Download Full-text

Occurrence of Methicillin Resistant and Enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus aureus in Traditional Cheeses in the North West of Iran

ISRN Microbiology ◽

10.1155/2014/129580 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Dariush Shanehbandi ◽

Behzad Baradaran ◽

Saeed Sadigh-Eteghad ◽

Habib Zarredar

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Management Practices ◽

Methicillin Resistance ◽

Food Poisoning ◽

Methicillin Resistant ◽

North West ◽

The North ◽

Traditional Cheeses ◽

Food Borne ◽

Traditional Dairy Products

Traditional dairy products are potential sources of a variety of microorganisms which participate in food poisoning. Staphylococcus aureus is a conspicuous example of toxigenic bacteria causative for food-borne diseases. Moreover, resistance to methicillin is a prominent index in food hygiene studies. In the present study, we have aimed at characterization and identification of enterotoxigenic methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolated from traditional cheeses in Azerbaijan region in the northwest of Iran during 2012. A number of phenotypical and molecular assays were utilized for screening of S. aureus. Subsequently, the prevalence of the genes responsible for the five staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEA-SEE) and also methicillin resistance gene was assessed. The outcomes of phenotypical methods were in conformity with those of the molecular procedures. The results indicated that 16% of cheese samples were contaminated by S. aureus. 110 isolates were authenticated by both phenotypical and molecular methods. All of the mentioned isolates were positive for coa, nuc, and 16S rDNA primers. 21% of these isolates were mecA positive and 60.8% of these MRSA were positive for SEs. Regarding the frequent outbreaks of enterotoxigenic MRSA, new hygiene policies and management practices should be considered to increase food safety and avoid extra treatment costs.

Download Full-text

New Orleans' Recovery Following Hurricane Katrina: Observations on Local Catastrophe Recovery Management

Journal of Disaster Research ◽

10.20965/jdr.2007.p0517 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 2 (6) ◽

pp. 517-529 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Laurie A. Johnson ◽

Keyword(s):

Hurricane Katrina ◽

New Orleans ◽

Local Governments ◽

Disaster Recovery ◽

Management Practices ◽

Local Management ◽

Management Capacity ◽

Local Recovery ◽

Recovery Management ◽

The U.S

Few local governments in the U.S. have faced the difficult task of managing catastrophic disaster recovery and there are equally few training guides geared toward improving local government's recovery management capacity. Our limited "toolkit"for local recovery management mostly reflects the learning from more moderate disasters. This paper reports on New Orleans' experiences in managing recovery from a truly catastrophic disaster. In particular, it describes two efforts: the 5-month Unified New Orleans Plan process, initiated in September 2006, and the city's Office of Recovery Management (now Office of Recovery Development and Administration), established in December 2006. It analyzes New Orleans' use of seven strategic recovery management practices that are proposed to enhance local management capacity and effectiveness following a disastrous event. Given the scale, complexity and multiple agencies involved in New Orleans recovery, this analysis is by no means exhaustive. It does, however, illustrate some of the areas where New Orleans' recovery management efforts have been effective as well as areas that could be strengthened.

Download Full-text

Reducing external costs of nitrogen pollution by relocation of pig production between regions in the European Union

Regional Environmental Change ◽

10.1007/s10113-018-1335-5 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 18 (8) ◽

pp. 2403-2415 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Hans J. M. van Grinsven ◽

Jan D. van Dam ◽

Jan Peter Lesschen ◽

Marloes H. G. Timmers ◽

Gerard L. Velthof ◽

...

Keyword(s):

European Union ◽

Management Practices ◽

N Deposition ◽

External Costs ◽

External Cost ◽

The European Union ◽

Pig Production ◽

North West ◽

Per Capita ◽

N Management

AbstractThis paper tests the hypothesis that relocation of pig production within the EU27 can reduce the external costs of nitrogen (N) pollution. The external cost of pollution by ammonia and nitrate from agriculture in the European Union (EU27) in 2008 was estimated at 61–215 billion € (0.5 to 1.8% of the GDP). Per capita it ranged from more than 1000 € in north-west EU27 to 50 € in Romania. The average contribution of pig production was 15%. Using provincial data (224 NUTS2 regions in EU27), the potential reduction of external N cost by relocation of pig production was estimated at 14 billion € (10% of the total). Regions most eligible for decreasing the pig stock were in western Germany, Flemish region, Denmark, the Netherlands and Bretagne, while Romania is most eligible for increasing pig production. Relocating 20 million pigs (13% of the total EU stock) decreased average external costs per capita from 900 to 785 € in the 13 NUTS2 regions where pigs were removed and increased from 69 to 107 € in 11 regions receiving pigs. A second alternative configuration of pig production was targeted at reducing exceedance of critical N deposition and closing regional nutrient cycles. This configuration relocates pigs within Germany and France, for example from Bretagne to Northern France and from Weser-Ems to Oberbayern. However, total external cost increases due to an increase of health impacts, unless when combined with implementation of best N management practices. Relocation of the pig industry in the EU27 will meet many socio-economic barriers and realisation requires new policy incentives.

Download Full-text