Differential in vitro cytotoxicity of (−)-epicatechin gallate (ECG) to cancer and normal cells from the human oral cavity

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Babich ◽  
M.E. Krupka ◽  
H.A. Nissim ◽  
H.L. Zuckerbraun
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Epicatechin Gallate ◽  
Normal Cells ◽  
Human Oral Cavity

scholarly journals Reactive Oxygen Species-Responsive Miktoarm Amphiphile for Triggered Intracellular Release of Anti-Cancer Therapeutics

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 4418
Author(s):  
Hyun-Chul Kim ◽  
Eunjoo Kim ◽  
Se Guen Lee ◽  
Sung Jun Lee ◽  
Sang Won Jeong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Cancer Therapeutics ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Normal Cells ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Hek 293 ◽  
Release Device

Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive nanocarriers have received considerable research attention as putative cancer treatments because their tumor cell targets have high ROS levels. Here, we synthesized a miktoarm amphiphile of dithioketal-linked ditocopheryl polyethylene glycol (DTTP) by introducing ROS-cleavable thioketal groups as linkers between the hydrophilic and hydrophobic moieties. We used the product as a carrier for the controlled release of doxorubicin (DOX). DTTP has a critical micelle concentration (CMC) as low as 1.55 μg/mL (4.18 × 10−4 mM), encapsulation efficiency as high as 43.6 ± 0.23% and 14.6 nm particle size. The DTTP micelles were very responsive to ROS and released their DOX loads in a controlled manner. The tocopheryl derivates linked to DTTP generated ROS and added to the intracellular ROS in MCF-7 cancer cells but not in HEK-293 normal cells. In vitro cytotoxicity assays demonstrated that DOX-encapsulated DTTP micelles displayed strong antitumor activity but only slightly increased apoptosis in normal cells. This ROS-triggered, self-accelerating drug release device has high therapeutic efficacy and could be a practical new strategy for the clinical application of ROS-responsive drug delivery systems.

scholarly journals In vitro synergistic potentials of novel antibacterial combination therapies against Salmonella Typhimurium and Escherichia coli

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Akil Hossain ◽  
Hae-Chul Park ◽  
Kwang-jick Lee ◽  
Sung-Won Park ◽  
Seung-Chun Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Epicatechin Gallate ◽  
E Coli

Abstract Background: The antibiotics generally used in farm animals are rapidly losing their effectiveness all over the world as bacteria develop antibiotic resistance. New strategies are needed to block the development of resistance and to prolong the life of traditional antibiotics. This study aimed to increase the efficacy of existing antibiotics by combining them with the opportunistic phenolic compounds gallic acid (GA), epicatechin, epicatechin gallate, epigallocatechin and hamamelitannin. Fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) of phenolic compound-antibiotic combinations against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) were determined. Based on the FICI and clinical importance, 3 combinations were selected to evaluate their effects on the virulence factors of these bacteria. The in vitro cytotoxicity of GA and hamamelitannin in Rattus norvegicus (IEC-6) cell lines were evaluated. Results: Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of epigallocatechin, GA and hamamelitannin found against different strains were (512–1024), (256–1024) and (512–2048) μg/mL, respectively. Synergistic effects were obtained from combinations of thiamphenicol-GA (FICI: 0.28), erythromycin-hamamelitannin (FICI: 0.38) and thiamphenicol-hamamelitannin (FICI: 0.50) against E. coli, and erythromycin-epicatechin gallate (FICI: 0.50) against S. Typhimurium. Moreover, additive effects were obtained from 33 combinations against S. Typhimurium (FICI: 0.502~0.750) and E. coli (FICI: 0.502~0.625). The time-kill assays and ultrastructural morphology showed that GA-ceftiofur, and hamamelitannin-erythromycin and GA-ampicillin combinations more efficiently inhibited the growth of S. Typhimurium and E. coli, respectively, compared to individual antibiotics. Biofilm viability and swimming and swarming motilities of S. Typhimurium in presence of GA-ceftiofur, and E. coli in presence of hamamelitannin-erythromycin and GA-ampicillin combinations were more competently inhibited than individual antimicrobials. The inhibitory concentrations 50% (IC50) of GA and hamamelitannin in IEC-6 cells were 564.55 μM and 988.54 μM, respectively. Conclusions: This study suggest that GA-ceftiofur combination can be potential medication to treat S. Typhimurium-associated diarrhea and prevent S. Typhimurium-associated blood-stream infections (e.g.: fever) in farm animals. Hamamelitannin-erythromycin and GA-ampicillin combinations can be effective in restricting E. coli contamination in farm animals, and ultimately its transmission from animal to human. Further study to confirm these effects and safety profiles in in vivo system should be undertaken for establishing these combinations as medications.

scholarly journals In Vivo Drug Dissolution in Human Oral Cavity from Orally Disintegrating Tablet and Comparability with in Vitro Testing

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (10) ◽  
pp. 999-1005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsuyoshi Katayama ◽  
Shinya Uchida ◽  
Chiaki Kamiya ◽  
Shimako Tanaka ◽  
Yasuharu Kashiwagura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Drug Dissolution ◽  
Orally Disintegrating Tablet ◽  
Human Oral Cavity

scholarly journals An in vitro biofilm model system to facilitate study of microbial communities of the human oral cavity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi‐qi An ◽  
Robert Hull ◽  
Aline Metris ◽  
Paul Barrett ◽  
Jeremy Webb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Model System ◽  
Human Oral Cavity ◽  
Biofilm Model

scholarly journals Antimicrobial activity of Uncaria tomentosa against oral human pathogens

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renzo Alberto Ccahuana-Vasquez ◽  
Silvana Soléo Ferreira dos Santos ◽  
Cristiane Yumi Koga-Ito ◽  
Antonio Olavo Cardoso Jorge
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Uncaria Tomentosa ◽  
Human Oral Cavity ◽  
Mueller Hinton Agar ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp

Uncaria tomentosa is considered a medicinal plant used over centuries by the peruvian population as an alternative treatment for several diseases. Many microorganisms usually inhabit the human oral cavity and under certain conditions can become etiologic agents of diseases. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of different concentrations of Uncaria tomentosa on different strains of microorganisms isolated from the human oral cavity. Micropulverized Uncaria tomentosa was tested in vitro to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) on selected microbial strains. The tested strains were oral clinical isolates of Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus spp., Candida albicans, Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The tested concentrations of Uncaria tomentosa ranged from 0.25-5% in Müeller-Hinton agar. Three percent Uncaria tomentosa inhibited 8% of Enterobacteriaceae isolates, 52% of S. mutans and 96% of Staphylococcus spp. The tested concentrations did not present inhibitory effect on P. aeruginosa and C. albicans. It could be concluded that micropulverized Uncaria tomentosa presented antimicrobial activity on Enterobacteriaceae, S. mutans and Staphylococcus spp. isolates.

scholarly journals 5-Fluorouracil Encapsulated Chitosan-Cellulose Fiber Bionanocomposites: Synthesis, Characterization and In Vitro Analysis towards Colorectal Cancer Cells

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1691
Author(s):  
Mostafa Yusefi ◽  
Hui-Yin Chan ◽  
Sin-Yeang Teow ◽  
Pooneh Kia ◽  
Michiele Lee-Kiun Soon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Sodium Tripolyphosphate ◽  
Chitosan Nanoparticles ◽  
Cellulose Fiber ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Normal Cells

Cellulose and chitosan with remarkable biocompatibility and sophisticated physiochemical characteristics can be a new dawn to the advanced drug nano-carriers in cancer treatment. This study aims to synthesize layer-by-layer bionanocomposites from chitosan and rice straw cellulose encapsulated 5-Fluorouracil (CS-CF/5FU BNCs) using the ionic gelation method and the sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) cross-linker. Data from X-ray and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy showed successful preparation of CS-CF/5FU BNCs. Based on images of scanning electron microscopy, 48.73 ± 1.52 nm was estimated for an average size of the bionanocomposites as spherical chitosan nanoparticles mostly coated rod-shaped cellulose reinforcement. 5-Fluorouracil indicated an increase in thermal stability after its encapsulation in the bionanocomposites. The drug encapsulation efficiency was found to be 86 ± 2.75%. CS-CF/5FU BNCs triggered higher drug release in a media simulating the colorectal fluid with pH 7.4 (76.82 ± 1.29%) than the gastric fluid with pH 1.2 (42.37 ± 0.43%). In in vitro cytotoxicity assays, cellulose fibers, chitosan nanoparticles and the bionanocomposites indicated biocompatibility towards CCD112 normal cells. Most promisingly, CS-CF/5FU BNCs at 250 µg/mL concentration eliminated 56.42 ± 0.41% of HCT116 cancer cells and only 8.16 ± 2.11% of CCD112 normal cells. Therefore, this study demonstrates that CS-CF/5FU BNCs can be considered as an eco-friendly and innovative nanodrug candidate for potential colorectal cancer treatment.

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