Estimation of the frequency and severity of plant protection products residues in peaches after a long-term implementation of integrated crop management

2008 ◽  
Vol 180 ◽  
pp. S175-S176
Author(s):  
Theoharis Danis ◽  
Ioannis Tsakiris ◽  
Despoina Karagiozoglou ◽  
Manolis Hourdakis ◽  
Aristidis Tsatsakis
Keyword(s):  
Plant Protection ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Integrated Crop Management

scholarly journals Past and future of sustainable viticulture in Switzerland

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 01013
Author(s):  
O. Viret ◽  
J.-L. Spring ◽  
V. Zufferey ◽  
K. Gindro ◽  
C. Linder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pest Management ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Mating Disruption ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Grape Berry ◽  
Calibration Development ◽  
Education Process

Switzerland is a pioneer country in the development of integrated production (IP) and integrated pest management (IPM). The overall goal is sustainability at the ecological, economic and social level to produce high quality grapes. In 1993, the IP-IPM head-organisation VITISWISS was created. The starting points were the improvement of pest management by the biocontrol of spider mites and the control of grape berry moths by mating disruption and an optimal soil management, followed over the years by state-of-the-art sprayer calibration, development of disease forecasting models (AgroMeteo, VitiMeteo), leaf-area adapted dosage of plant protection products, enhanced biodiversity, water and cover crop management. The efforts and the results gained in a continuous education process by the growers are considerable, but not enough for consumers and politics concerned by the use of plant protection products. The absence of acaricides and insecticides as well as forecasting systems available on the internet (www.agrometeo.ch) for the control of downy and powdery mildew, represent the major progresses. Where mechanisation is possible, herbicides can progressively be replaced by mechanical technics, which is not possible in steep vineyards. The general irrational unscientific trend against “synthetic” plant protection products requests alternatives for the control of fungal diseases and for cover crop management under the vine rows to avoid excessive water-nitrogen competition particularly in the actual context of climate change.

scholarly journals Crop Management System Based on Digital Technologies

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 00188
Author(s):  
A.R. Zakirova ◽  
G.S. Klychova ◽  
A.R. Yusupova ◽  
I.G. Nikitenko ◽  
A.M. Zakirov
Keyword(s):  
Management System ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Unmanned Vehicles ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Material Resources ◽  
Crop Farming

Crop farming is one of the most important branches of agriculture that ensures the food security of the country. For crop farming development, it is necessary to solve the problems of reducing the quantity and quality of the resulting crop due to insufficient nutrition and care, untimely harvesting and improper storage. To increase the efficiency and sustainability of the industry, it is necessary to digitalize both the production systems and decision-making processes at all levels of management. The study considers the stages of a digital crop management system: accounting for acreage with an electronic field map; organization of crop rotation taking into account organizational, soil-climatic and economic aspects of production; monitoring of technological operations; control of agricultural machinery with the formation of primary documents for accounting for completed works; maintaining a subsystem of material resources using the technic of precision farming; filling in technological maps and accounting for actually completed works with a list of works, the composition of agricultural aggregates, the timing of operations, production rates and fuel consumption, the need for seeds, fertilizers, plant protection products, and the cost of resources. The increased attention to the problem of digital agriculture on the part of the state and the highly competitive environment promote the use of new technological mechanisms and methods of work by agricultural producers, which are based on the use of Internet technologies, satellite navigation, robotics, sensors and sensors, and unmanned vehicles. Digitalization of agricultural processes allows increasing crop productivity, the efficiency of using material resources, equipment and human potential.

scholarly journals Yield enhancement of chilli through integrated crop management in Kalaburagi district of Karnataka, India

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 907-909
Author(s):  
Raju Raju ◽  
G. Teggelli ◽  
Siddappa Siddappa ◽  
Zaheer Ahamad ◽  
Anand Naik
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Yield Enhancement ◽  
Biotic Stresses ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Integrated Crop Management ◽  
Farmer Practices

One of the major reasons of low productivity in chilli is the lack of technical knowledge of the farmers about judicious and timely implementation of the management strategies against the major biotic stresses (insect pests and diseases) which ultimately reduce its return. Considering the integrated crop management on need based plant protection in vegetables was conducted in farmer’s fields at different villages of the Kalaburagi district, under northern part of Karnataka, during the period from 2011-12 to 2013-14 show the productivity potential and profitability of improved technologies. The results showed that, on an average the highest yield achieved by adopting integrated crop management was 260.17 quintals ha-1, whereas the corresponding yield ranged under farmer’s practices was to 235.243 quintals ha-1 of green chillies. Adoption of integrated crop management will increase the yield 10.56% over farmer practices. The average technological gap, extension gap and technological index were noticed 139.83 quintals ha-1, 24.92 quintals ha-1 and 34.95 % respectively. The economics of data indicated that an average of Rs. 1,64,500 ha-1 was recorded net profit under recommended practices while it was Rs 129976.7 ha-1 under farmer practices. Cost benefit ratio was 3.07 under demonstration, while it was 2.35 under farmer practices. Practicing of integrated crop management with improved technologies will improve the farmer socio-economical level.

scholarly journals PROTECTION OF PLANTS AS A FACTOR OF INFLUENCE ON THE QUALITY OF GRAIN OF WHEAT

2018 ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
A. Yu. Kekalo ◽  
V. V. Nemchenko ◽  
A. S. Philippov ◽  
N. Yu. Zargaryan ◽  
T. A. Kozlova
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Leaf Spots ◽  
Harmful Organisms ◽  
Positive Effect

The article analyzes data on the effect of fungicidal and herbicidal preparations on grain quality and productivity of spring wheat. Timely and high-quality use of plant protection products from harmful organisms can improve not only the productivity of spring wheat, but often the quality of grain. In the years of mass spread of aerogenic infections, the use of fungicides in wheat crops can increase the protein content of the grain, as the leaves are longer and more productive photosynthesize. Under these conditions, the increase of the content of gluten on the use of systemic multi-component fungicide in the phase of the flag leaf was 3 %, in case of moderate development of disease was 2.4 %. The yield of flour increased by 5-7 %, and in some years there was an improvement in baking evaluation from satisfactory on the control variant to good on the variant with using a system fungicide. Correlation dependence of disease development and gluten content in grain was characterized as very strong and very strong inverse (r=0.88-0.98). In years with the strong development of leaf spots and the defeat of straw linear rust requires double use of fungicides to preserve the crop and grain quality. Long-term tests of post-emergence herbicides have shown that the use of these drugs in the framework of the regulations of their use did not worsen the quality of spring wheat grain, but also a significant stable positive effect on this indicator was not observed.

scholarly journals Importance of the generic segment of thye plant protection products – the case of the Polish market

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 25-33
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Stajszczak ◽  
Edward Majewski
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Average Price ◽  
Strategic Groups ◽  
Long Term Changes ◽  
Generic Products ◽  
Jel Code

Authors present results of the analysis of developments in the plant protection products industry, with a focus on its generic part. Authors concentrate on long-term changes of prices, volumes and values of generic pesticides launched into the market. There were two strategic groups of producers identified: research and development (R&D) and generic. The analyses conducted prove that there is a relationship between the amount of generic products on the market and their prices. It is also clear that the number of competitors significantly influences the speed and range of price erosion. Used as examples generic plant protection products were placed on the market with an average price 15% lower comparing to branded pesticides. JEL code: M31

Integrated crop management.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynette Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Food Production ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
Integrated Crop Management ◽  
System Resource ◽  
Farm System

Abstract Integrated crop management (ICM) is an all-inclusive, holistic approach to sustainable food production that focuses on conserving natural resources. One of the main objectives is to blend the use of modern technology with time proven methods of crop production, maintenance of soil fertility and care for the natural environment as part of an economically-viable horticultural business. Horticultural practices that avoid or minimise waste and pollution, incorporate energy efficiency, reduce external farm inputs such as fertilizers, pesticides and herbicides, and follow a long term strategy for conservation and management, are the basis of this system. Resource management is a key feature of integrated crop management to minimise the consumption of non-renewable resources, while at the same time safeguarding the environment and biodiversity of the land used for food production. Integrated crop management is often defined as a 'whole farm system' where the requirements for production of an economic product are balanced with the care of the land and environmental considerations. While integrated crop management seems a simple concept to understand, the implementation and approaches taken vary considerably depending on the site, production system, crops and many other factors. Being site specific means that individual producers must plan and develop their own individualised integrated crop management programme based on their local needs, crops, resources and areas for improvement.

scholarly journals Degradation and leaching of bentazone, terbuthylazine and S-metolachlor and some of their metabolites: A long-term lysimeter experiment

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 273-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Schuhmann ◽  
Gernot Klammler ◽  
Stefan Weiss ◽  
Oliver Gans ◽  
Johann Fank ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Environmental Fate ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Fate And Transport ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Agricultural Practice ◽  
Lysimeter Experiment ◽  
Good Agricultural Practice ◽  
Higher Doses

The degradation and leaching of bentazone, terbuthylazine and S-metolachlor and their metabolites N-methyl-bentazone, desethyl-terbuthylazine, 2-hydroxy-terbuthylazine, metolachlor ethane sulfonic acid (ESA) and metolachlor oxanilic acid (OA) were investigated using the plant protection products Artett (bentazone/terbuthylazine), Gardo Gold (S-metolachlor/terbuthylazine) and Dual Gold (S-metolachlor) applied to a weighable, monolithic, high precision lysimeter with a loamy, sandy soil. Artett and Gardo Gold were applied at higher doses than recommended according to good agricultural practice. In leachate, S-metolachlor was detected at concentrations of up to 0.15 µg/L, whereas metolachlor-ESA and metolachlor-OA were present at higher concentrations of up to 37 µg/L and 8.4 µg/L, respectively. In a second terbuthylazine application, concentrations of desethyl-terbuthylazine of up to 0.1 µg/L were detected. In soil, bentazone degraded faster than terbuthylazine and S-metolachlor, whereas the metabolization of terbuthylazine after the second application resulted in an enhanced formation of desethyl-terbuthylazine and a highly increased hydroxylation of terbuthylazine. The importance of analysing both parent compounds and metabolites on a long-term scale was demonstrated to better understand the environmental fate and transport.

scholarly journals Influence of vegetation treatment with growth stimulants and protection agents on seed productivity of meadow fescue Nadezhda

2020 ◽  
Vol 202 (11) ◽  
pp. 28-36
Author(s):  
M TORMOZIN ◽  
A. Belyaev ◽  
E. Tiholaz
Keyword(s):  
Plant Protection ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Seed Productivity ◽  
Meadow Fescue ◽  
Hydrothermal Coefficient ◽  
Yield Structure ◽  
Biological Effectiveness ◽  
Reliable Increase

Abstract. The article provides information about the yield, development of leaf-stem diseases, as well as the biological effectiveness of drugs on meadow fescue crops. The purpose of research is to study the influence of protective agents and growth stimulants that provide the most complete realization of the potential of seed productivity of meadow fescue. After applying protection products, crop structure for 2018–2019 Treatment of plants for vegetation in the phase of entering the tube – the beginning of earing, the following drugs were used: “Fitolavin” – 1.5 l/ha; “Lariksin” – 50 g/ha; “Kolosal’ Pro” – 0.5 l/ha; “Strekar” – 1.5 l/ha; “Fitolavin” – 1.5 l/ha + “Kolosal’ Pro” – 0.5 l/ha. Research methodology and methods. The experience consists of 18 plots. The total area of one plot is 42 m2, the accounting area of one plot is 28 m2. Plots are placed – blockwise, repetitions are rendomized, the repetition is 3-fold. Observations and studies were conducted according to the generally accepted methodology. Meteorological conditions in 2018–2019 significantly varied from the long-term average. The hydrothermal coefficient (GTC) for the growing season in 2018 was 1.4; in 2019, it was 1.77, which is higher than the long – term average (1.57). Results. The development of the disease on average for all tiers of leaves for two years (2018–2019) in the control was 23.7 %, the prevalence – 67.5 %. In the variants with fungicides and biologics, the development and prevalence of leaf-stem diseases ranged from 9.4 to 17.4 % and from 32.4 to 56.5 %, respectively. The use of plant protection products led to a decrease in the development of diseases by 1.4–2.5 times (by 6.3–14.3 %), and the prevalence – by 1.2–2.1 times (by 11.0–35.1 %).The biological effectiveness of plant protection products ranged from 26.6 to 60.3 %. The applied preparations on average for two years of research provided a reliable increase in seed yield from 0.11 to 0.26 t/ha (from 32 to 76 %). Scientific novelty. The increase in seed productivity according to two-year data (2018–2019) was obtained due to a significant increase in all components of the yield structure.

scholarly journals Degradation of pentachlorophenol by high temperature hydrolysis

2019 ◽  
pp. 64-70
Author(s):  
Monika Janas ◽  
Alicja Zawadzka
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Residence Time ◽  
Constant Pressure ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Volumetric Flow Rate ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Widespread Distribution ◽  
Biological Methods

The long-term use of plant protection products in agriculture, including pentachlorophenol (PCP), has contributed to their widespread distribution in the natural environment. So far, no cheap and effective techniques for removing chlorophenols by physicochemical or biological methods have been developed. Therefore, alternative methods of neutralizing them are currently being sought. The aim of the study was to investigate the possibility of pentachlorophenol decomposition by high temperature thermohydrolysis. The decomposition process was carried out at a constant pressure of 25 MPa, in the temperature range of 20°C to 500°C and at various volumetric flows of PCP through the reactor. Detailed analysis of the results showed that the process and degree of pentachlorophenol reduction depended on residence time in the reactor and the process temperature. The obtained results indicate that thermohydrolysis in supercritical water is not an effective method to neutralize pentachlorophenol. The high costs of conducting this process together with an average degree of PCP conversion (the conversion of pentachlorophenol at the lowest volumetric flow rate through the reactor reached about 45%) cause that thermohydrolysis at high temperature is not a costeffective method of neutralizing pentachlorophenol.

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