The impacts of abnormal weather and natural disasters on transport and strategies for enhancing ability for disaster prevention and mitigation

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. 2-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huapu Lu ◽  
Mingyu Chen ◽  
Wenbo Kuang
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Disaster Prevention ◽  
Abnormal Weather

Science Communication of Hazards with Scientific Uncertainty: In the Cases of Volcanic Activity

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 707-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miwa Kuri ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Volcanic Activity ◽  
News Media ◽  
Science Communication ◽  
Scientific Communication ◽  
Scientific Uncertainty ◽  
Disaster Prevention ◽  
Cooperative System ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Activity Information

This paper studies cases in Japan, focusing on information on volcanic activities as well as other natural disasters. This information is given as an example of scientific communication in times of scientific uncertainty when there is an urgent need for judgments. This paper also considers the usage of volcanic activity information by residents of Kuchinoerabu Island in 2015, from the time their volcano became active to when the island was fully evacuated. The results suggest that it is important not only to establish relationships with highly interested local residents as non-experts, residents who can communicate information, including uncertainties, but also to communicate information among experts, government bodies, and designated members the news media. It is also suggested that a cooperative system of geoparks that feature disasters and benefits would help the volcanic disaster prevention council.

Status and Analysis on Cognition and Handling Ability of Natural Disasters in Nursing Undergraduates

2012 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 704-707
Author(s):  
Min Xu ◽  
Hong Xin ◽  
Chunshan Zhao ◽  
Na Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Natural Disaster ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Colleges And Universities ◽  
The Self ◽  
Disaster Prevention ◽  
The Future

Nursing undergraduate students are a reserve force for the rescue of natural disaster. Their abilities in self-cognition and response are supposed to be closely related to the development and perfection of them in moral and personality, and their attitude and quality when they are engaged in nursing work in the future. The questionnaire investigation demonstrated that the nursing undergraduate students understood the natural disaster cognition to some extent, but their understanding was limited and one-sided; the students’ abilities in the disaster cognition were influenced by sex, the cognition on nursing specialized responsibility, the self-role cognition and the deed to disaster reserve knowledge (P < 0. 05), indicating that they did not have a full ability to deal with a disaster independently. Therefore, nursing undergraduate students should be educated through various pathways and in different forms in colleges and universities to improve their cognition on the disaster prevention and handling ability.

Introductory Remarks by Katja Samuel

2019 ◽  
Vol 113 ◽  
pp. 127-128
Author(s):  
Katja Samuel
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Disaster Prevention ◽  
Cost Estimates ◽  
Insurance Sector ◽  
Sendai Framework

The scale and impact of disasters is rising exponentially, with insurance sector cost estimates for “natural” disasters increasing from $188 billion (2016) to $300 billion (2017). In response, the global shift since the 1990s, reflected in the Sendai Framework on Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) (2015–2030), has been toward concentrating resources on disaster prevention and mitigation, including through improved preparedness and response mechanisms.

scholarly journals Creation of a Model for Social Defense in Case of Disasters for the Citizens of the Republic of Bulgaria

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-24
Author(s):  
Georgi Baev ◽  
Miroslav Dimitrov ◽  
Ivan Dimitrov
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Material Damage ◽  
Disaster Prevention ◽  
Financial Difficulty ◽  
Social Politics ◽  
Social Defense ◽  
Covering Material ◽  
Administrative Procedures ◽  
The Republic

Abstract In Bulgaria there is a great need for a scheme for social defense and protection in case of natural or anthropogenic disasters. Our country has a relatively good social politics, covering a great deal of society’s social illnesses. But our financial capabilities for natural and anthropogenic disaster prevention and handling present a great financial difficulty for our country’s budget. In great deal of cases aid-money are being spend for covering material damage caused by natural disasters, but the aspect of affected citizens gets neglected and remains in the background. Our country comes as far as securing them with a one-off humanitarian or/and financial help for damaged property. In a great deal of cases though our country’s help is inadequate in amount or gets postponed in time due to administrative procedures.

Disaster Education for Elementary School Students Using Disaster Prevention Pocket Notebooks and Quizzes

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1117-1125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Nouchi ◽  
◽  
Shosuke Sato ◽  
Fumihiko Imamura ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Elementary School Students ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Motivation To Learn ◽  
Disaster Prevention ◽  
School Students ◽  
Strategic Action ◽  
Disaster Education

The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 continues to emphasize disaster education for disaster risk reduction. We developed a new disaster education package using a disaster prevention notebook and quizzes and investigated its benefits for disaster prevention and mitigation. The disaster prevention notebook was developed by the International Research Institute of Disaster Science (IRIDeS) of Tohoku University. It explains how to prevent natural disasters and how to act during natural disasters. Seventy nine elementary school students participated in the new disaster education package using disaster prevention pocket notebook and quizzes or the disaster education package with cartoons and quizzes. They answered some questions before and after learning using the educational materials. Results clearly demonstrated the beneficial effects of these disaster education programs on protective actions and the prevention actions related to disasters. We discussed the advantages of the new disaster education package on disaster education. We suggest that thinking about the situation and deciding one’s own behaviors might enhance self-regulated learning which includes metacognition, strategic action, and motivation to learn. We assume that our new disaster education would facilitate metacognition, strategic action, and motivation to learn in the self-regulation learning theory.

Evaluation of Regional Anti-Disaster Ability of Highway Natural Disasters

2012 ◽  
Vol 253-255 ◽  
pp. 1598-1604
Author(s):  
Hong Liang Qi ◽  
Wei Ping Tian ◽  
Jia Chun Li
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Disaster Management ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Disaster Prevention ◽  
Scoring Methods ◽  
Method Evaluation ◽  
Evaluation Indexes

In order to evaluate the regional anti-disaster ability of highway natural disasters, this paper analyzes affections of regional social economic, regional highway natural disasters management, and regional highway natural overview. We establish an evaluation system of regional anti-disaster ability of highway natural disasters based on our main indexes, which include the investment percentage of region GDP on regional disaster prevention, regional highway disaster management, and the quantity of disasters in per kilometer. Integrated score is used as the method for evaluating regional anti-disaster ability. Grading and scoring methods for the evaluation indexes are put forward. Based on the method, evaluation model and grading methods for regional anti-disaster ability of highway natural disasters are resolved.

scholarly journals Strategy of Emergency Response of Flood and Landslide Disaster in Pacitan Regency

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-147
Author(s):  
Burhanudin Mukhamad Faturahman
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Emergency Response ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Disaster Prevention ◽  
National Scale ◽  
Data Presentation ◽  
Prone Area ◽  
The Face ◽  
Approach Method ◽  
Made In

Disaster emergency response is an important stage in the process of disaster management in which the action is performed while tackling natural disasters. The goal of the research is to describe the phenomenon of floods and landslides disasters as well as the efforts of emergency response in the event of a disaster in pacitan regency year 2017. Research conducted through a descriptive qualitative approach. Method of data collection with interviews, observation and documentation. As for the data analysis stage include data condensation, data presentation and the final stage, namely the withdrawal of the conclusion. The results showed  flooding and landslides diasters in pacitan regency in the year 2017 including big disaster from a series of disasters that have occurred. These categories include  national scale natural disaster  because there are any victims and damage inflicted is large enough so that the various parties get involved in the handling of the disaster. The process of emergency response in the event of a disaster, led by komadan dandim 0801 military see as commander of the emergency response to natural disasters. Emergency response could be made in learning to cope with disasters that are better realized through disaster prevention and mitigation. Therefore, the overall infrastructure improvements that are vulnerable to disaster-affected and disaster-prone area mapping as well as awareness of stakeholders in the disaster prevention and mitigation very recommended to improve the ability of the community in the face of natural disasters.

Study on Natural Disaster Prevention Countermeasures for Western Valley City from the Perspective of City Planning: A Case of Lanzhou City

2013 ◽  
Vol 409-410 ◽  
pp. 827-832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Hong Zhang ◽  
Chun Fang Lei ◽  
Hong Fei Li
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Natural Disaster ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Optimal Allocation ◽  
Disaster Prevention ◽  
City Development ◽  
Allocation Model ◽  
Lanzhou City ◽  
Long Time

For a long time, the Western Valley Cities (WVC) had suffered serious threats from several natural disasters, and integrated prevention natural disasters has been a primary issue to their sustainable development and inhabitation environment construction. As a significant public policy for conducting city development and guaranteeing public safety, city planning serves an irreplaceable function in WVC natural disasters integrated prevention. Take Lanzhou city as a WVC example, the paper firstly analyzing its main natural disasters that include earthquake, flood, sandstorm and geological disasters. Further, it systematically summarizes their four typical characteristics, which are forceful relevance with geographical environment, higher disasters continuous occurrence, stronger amplifying nature of disaster losses and higher costs and difficulties of rescues and reconstructions. Finally, from four aspects that are improving legal status of disasters integrated prevention planning, establishing a rational optimal allocation model of city land-use, building a multilevel natural disaster prevention system and constructing prevention disaster communities, it puts forward natural disasters integrated prevention countermeasures for WVC based on the perspective of city planning.

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