Immunohistochemical Analysis of Infiltrating Inflammatory Cells in the Isolated V-Lesion of Allograft Kidney

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 622-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.J. Lim ◽  
H.J. Kwon ◽  
Y.S. Bae ◽  
H.J. Jeong
Keyword(s):  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Allograft Kidney

scholarly journals Metformin Hydrochloride-Loaded PLGA Nanoparticle in Periodontal Disease Experimental Model Using Diabetic Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 3488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Pereira ◽  
Gerly Brito ◽  
Maria Lima ◽  
Arnóbio Silva Júnior ◽  
Emanuell Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Cathepsin K ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Entrapment Efficiency ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Plga Nanoparticles ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Metformin Hydrochloride ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Mean Diameter

Evidence shows that metformin is an antidiabetic drug, which can exert favorable anti-inflammatory effects and decreased bone loss. The development of nanoparticles for metformin might be useful for increased therapeutic efficacy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of metformin hydrochloride-loaded Poly (d,l-Lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/(MET-loaded PLGA) on a ligature-induced periodontitis model in diabetic rats. MET-loaded PLGA were characterized by mean diameter, particle size, polydispensity index, and entrapment efficiency. Maxillae were scanned using Microcomputed Tomography (µCT) and histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis. IL-1β and TNF-α levels were analyzed by ELISA immunoassay. Quantitative RT-PCR was used (AMPK, NF-κB p65, HMGB1, and TAK-1). The mean diameter of MET-loaded PLGA nanoparticles was in a range of 457.1 ± 48.9 nm (p < 0.05) with a polydispersity index of 0.285 (p < 0.05), Z potential of 8.16 ± 1.1 mV (p < 0.01), and entrapment efficiency (EE) of 66.7 ± 3.73. Treatment with MET-loaded PLGA 10 mg/kg showed low inflammatory cells, weak staining by RANKL, cathepsin K, OPG, and osteocalcin, and levels of IL-1β and TNF-α (p < 0.05), increased AMPK expression gene (p < 0.05) and decreased NF-κB p65, HMGB1, and TAK-1 (p < 0.05). It is concluded that MET-loaded PLGA decreased inflammation and bone loss in periodontitis in diabetic rats.

scholarly journals Effects of CX3CL1 inhibition on murine bleomycin-induced interstitial pneumonia

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 205873922095990
Author(s):  
Soichi Yamada ◽  
Shion Miyoshi ◽  
Junko Nishio ◽  
Satoshi Mizutani ◽  
Zento Yamada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interstitial Pneumonia ◽  
T Cell Activation ◽  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Novel Therapy ◽  
Tissue Sections

Background: Treatment for interstitial pneumonia (IP) associated with collagen diseases has not been established. There is a need to elucidate the pathogenesis of IP and develop a novel therapy. We aimed to clarify the role of chemokine (C-X3-C motif) ligand 1 (CX3CL1, also known as fractalkine) in IP. Methods: Bleomycin (BLM) was intratracheally administered to C57BL/6 mice to induce IP. For treatment with control Ab or anti-CX3CL1 mAb, the mice were administered either Ab three times per week for 2 weeks from the day of BLM administration until euthanasia. Expressions of CX3CL1 and its unique receptor CX3CR1 in the lung tissue were examined by immunohistochemical analysis. Cellular infiltration and lung fibrosis were evaluated based on hematoxylin-eosin-staining and Sirius red staining of the lung tissue sections, respectively. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. Results: CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 were strongly expressed in the lung tissue from mice with BLM-induced IP (BLM-IP). Treatment with anti-CX3CL1 mAb did not significantly alter inflammatory cell infiltration or fibrosis in the lung tissue. However, the number of M1-like macrophages in BALF was decreased and surface CD3 expression on T cells was increased by anti-CX3CL1 mAb treatment. Conclusions: Inhibition of CX3CL1 decreased inflammatory cells and may attenuate T cell activation in BALF. CX3CL1 inhibitor may have the potential to suppress the infiltration and activation of immune cells in IP.

scholarly journals Immunohistochemical Analysis of Inflammatory Cells in Benign and Precancerous Lesions and Carcinoma of the Prostate

Pathobiology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 119-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomomi Fujii ◽  
Keiji Shimada ◽  
Osamu Asai ◽  
Nobumichi Tanaka ◽  
Kiyohide Fujimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Precancerous Lesions ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Carcinoma Of The Prostate

scholarly journals A Double Histochemical/Immunohistochemical Staining for the Identification of Canine Mast Cells in Light Microscopy

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 229
Author(s):  
Francesca Gobbo ◽  
Giuseppe Sarli ◽  
Margherita De De Silva ◽  
Giorgia Galiazzo ◽  
Roberto Chiocchetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cells ◽  
Cannabinoid Receptor ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Staining Technique ◽  
Cannabinoid Receptor 2 ◽  
Mast Cell Tumors ◽  
Immunohistochemical Markers ◽  
Poorly Differentiated ◽  
Cutaneous Mastocytosis

Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is a widely used technique in diagnostic pathology, but the simultaneous analysis of more than one antibody at a time with different chromogens is rather complex, time-consuming, and quite expensive. In order to facilitate the identification of mast cells (MCs) during immunohistochemical analysis of membrane and/or nuclear markers, we propose a new staining method that includes the association of IHC and toluidine blue as a counterstain. To achieve this goal, we tested c-kit, Ki67, and cannabinoid receptor 2 on several cases of cutaneous canine mast cell tumors (MCTs), cutaneous mastocytosis, and atopic dermatitis. The results obtained show how this double staining technique, although limited to non-cytoplasmic markers and of little use in poorly differentiated MCTs in which MC metachromasia is hard to see, can be used during the evaluation of nuclear and/or membranous immunohistochemical markers in all canine cutaneous disorders, especially if characterized by the presence of a low number of MCs. It can help to evaluate those MCTs in which neoplastic MCs must be clearly distinguished from inflammatory cells that can infiltrate the tumor itself, in facilitating the calculation of the Ki67 index. Moreover, it can be used to study the expression of new markers in both animal and human tissues containing MCs and in MC disorders.

PD-L1 Expression on Cell Block Preparations of Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma

2019 ◽  
Vol 152 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S94-S95
Author(s):  
Victoria Costa ◽  
David Kim ◽  
Melanie Johncilla ◽  
Abha Goyal ◽  
Rema Rao
Keyword(s):  
Disease Progression ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Fixation Method ◽  
Lung Cancers ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded ◽  
Combined Positive Score

Abstract Objectives Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is an emerging molecular target in anticancer therapy, most notably non–small cell lung cancers. PD-L1 expression in pancreatic adenocarcinomas (PDAs) on surgical specimens is highly variable, with 10% to 60% of tumors showing expression. PD-L1 expression in PDA on endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspirations (EUS-FNAs) has been rarely studied. Methods Formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded (FFPE) cell blocks (CBs) from 65 EUS-FNA samples of 55 patients, with a diagnosis of PDA, with at least 20% tumor cellularity were retrieved. The cell blocks were originally fixed in CytoRich fixative. Immunohistochemical staining (IHC) for PD-L1 was performed using the M365329-1 (22C3) clone according to the manufacturer’s approved protocol and optimized for the fixation method using appropriate controls. A combined positive score (CPS) defined per CAP guidelines as the total number of positive tumor cells and inflammatory cells as a percentage of the total number of tumor cells was assessed for each case and was grouped as <1, 1-20, or >20. Results Twenty-five samples (38%) from 21 patients showed immunoreactivity to PD-L1, with 21 (32%) having a CPS of <1 and four (6%) having a CPS of 1-20. Eight of these 25 samples had surgical correlates, of which concordant staining was noted in five (62.5%). Of the discordant three, decreased tumor cell sampling in the core biopsy was noted in one. Overall, 20 of 21 patients (95%) with PD-L1 immunoreactivity had disease progression with 17 (81%) associated with metastatic disease and three (14%) with locally advanced disease. Conclusion Immunohistochemical analysis for PD-L1 is feasible on EUS-FNA CB samples when optimized and validated for the fixation method using appropriate controls. PD-L1 expression is seen in only a minority of PDAs, albeit with a very low CPS. The potential role of PD-L1 as a prognostic marker for disease progression needs further exploration.

scholarly journals Evolution of Periodontal Disease: Immune Response and RANK/RANKL/OPG System

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 679-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrício Gibertoni ◽  
Meire Ellen Ligia Sommer ◽  
Marcelo Augusto Marretto Esquisatto ◽  
Maria Esméria Corezola do Amaral ◽  
Camila Andrea de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Gingival Tissue ◽  
Cervical Region ◽  
Nitric Oxide Concentration ◽  
Gene Transcripts

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate markers of bone loss and immune response present in evolution of periodontal disease. One hundred and two Wistar rats were divided into three animals groups: PD0, without ligation and PD15 days and PD60 days, submitted to ligation placement with a sterile 3-0 silk cord in the cervical region of the upper first molar on both sides. Samples were obtained from the gingival tissue for histomorphometric analysis, immunohistochemical analysis of RANK, RANKL, OPG, characterization of the inflammatory infiltrate, quantification of nitric oxide, MCP-1, RANTES, IP10 chemokines, and expression of the TGF-b1, VEG, and bFGF. The number of inflammatory cells in gingival tissue was higher in PD60 samples. The collagen content and the area occupied by birefringent collagen fibers were lower for PD60. Differential leukocyte counting showed that there was a significantly higher polymorphonuclear influx in group PD15, while PD60 showed a greater number of lymphocytes. PD60 showed higher RANTES, IP-10, MCP-1 gene transcripts, as well as a higher nitric oxide concentration. Clinical evaluation revealed that the PD60 group presented an increase in furcal area. In conclusion, in this animal model the increase of RANK/RANKL and HGF markers is related to a specific immune response, and probably contributed to the evolution of periodontal disease. Investigating the effect of these biomarkers can help in targeted therapy for bone resorption, since blocking these can inhibit bone loss.

Lung-targeted VEGF inactivation leads to an emphysema phenotype in mice

2004 ◽  
Vol 97 (4) ◽  
pp. 1559-1566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kechun Tang ◽  
Harry B. Rossiter ◽  
Peter D. Wagner ◽  
Ellen C. Breen
Keyword(s):  
Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Bronchial Epithelial Cell ◽  
Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase ◽  
Vegf Receptor ◽  
Elastic Recoil ◽  
Adult Mice ◽  
Epithelial Cell Apoptosis

To test the hypothesis that VEGF is important for the maintenance of alveolar structure and elastic properties in adult mice, lung-targeted ablation of the VEGF gene was accomplished through intratracheal delivery of an adeno-associated cre recombinase virus (AAV/Cre) to VEGF loxP mice, and the effects were followed for 8 wk. Control mice were similarly treated with AAV/Cre. Pulmonary VEGF levels were reduced by 86% at 5 wk postinfection but returned to normal levels by 8 wk. VEGF receptor VEGFR-2 levels were also reduced at 5 wk (by 51%) and returned to control values by 8 wk. However, alveolar septal wall destruction (increased mean linear intercept) and loss of lung elastic recoil (increased compliance) persisted for 8 wk. No decrease in alveolar cell proliferation was detected by Western blot or immunohistochemical analysis of proliferating cell nuclear antigen. Increased alveolar septal cell and bronchial epithelial cell apoptosis was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling analysis at 5 wk. Total lung caspase-3 levels and enzyme activity were also increased at 5 wk. No obvious accumulation of inflammatory cells was observed at any time after tracheal instillation of AAV/Cre. Thus a transient decrease in pulmonary VEGF leads to increased alveolar and bronchial cell apoptosis, air space enlargement, and changes in lung elastic recoil (processes that are characteristic of emphysema) that persist for at least 8 wk.

scholarly journals The Role of Periostin in Capsule Formation on Silicone Implants

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hahn-Sol Bae ◽  
Hye-Youn Son ◽  
Jung Pyo Lee ◽  
Hak Chang ◽  
Ji-Ung Park
Keyword(s):  
Collagen Type ◽  
Capsular Contracture ◽  
Fibrous Tissue ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Collagen Type I ◽  
Silicone Implants ◽  
Type I ◽  
Capsule Formation

Although silicone implants are widely used in breast and other reconstructive surgeries, the limited biocompatibility of these materials leads to severe complications, including capsular contracture. Here, we aimed to clarify the relationship between periostin and the process of capsule formation after in vivo implantation. Seven-week-old wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 mice and periostin-deficient mice were used. Round silicone implants were inserted into a subcutaneous pocket on the dorsum of the mice. After 8 weeks, the fibrous capsule around the implant was harvested and histologically examined to estimate capsular thickness and the number of inflammatory cells. Additionally, immunohistochemical analysis (periostin, α-SMA, and collagen type I) and western blotting (CTGF, TGF-β, VEGF, and MPO) were performed for a more detailed analysis of capsule formation. The capsules in periostin-knockout mice (PN-KO) were significantly thinner than those in WT mice. PN-KO mice showed significantly lower numbers of inflammatory cells than WT mice. Fibrous tissue formation markers (α-SMA, periostin, collagen type I, and CTGF) were significantly reduced in PN-KO mice. We also confirmed that inflammatory reaction and angiogenesis indicators (TGF-β, MPO, and VEGF) had lower expression in PN-KO mice. Inhibition of periostin could be important for suppressing capsule formation on silicone implants after in vivo implantation.

scholarly journals Immunohistochemical Analysis of Lipoprotein(a) Deposition and Inflammatory Cells in Coronary Atherosclerosis.

1998 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makoto Watanabe ◽  
Yuichi Ishikawa ◽  
Tetsuya Inatome ◽  
Hisano Fujiki ◽  
Yoshimi Hosokawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Atherosclerosis ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Lipoprotein A

Effective Predictor of Colorectal Cancer Survival Based on Exclusive Expression Pattern Among Different Immune Cell Infiltration

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 271-286
Author(s):  
Xiaowen Xu ◽  
Jun Ma ◽  
Guanyu Yu ◽  
Qun Qiu ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Cancer Survival ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Tissue Microarrays ◽  
M2 Macrophages ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Response ◽  
High Infiltration

Tumor-infiltrating immune/inflammatory cells, the important components of the tumor microenvironment (TME), remarkably affect the progression of human cancers. To understand the actual conditions within the TME of colorectal cancer (CRC), the interrelationship among tumor-infiltrating neutrophils, M2 macrophages, and regulatory T-cells (Tregs) was systematically analyzed. The infiltration conditions of CD66b+ neutrophils, CD163+ M2 macrophages, and FOXP3+ Tregs in tissue microarrays including 1021 cases of CRC were determined by immunohistochemical analysis. The prediction power of these immune cells for CRC prognosis was evaluated by subgroup analysis of the CRC cohort. Results revealed the existence pattern of infiltrating neutrophils, and Tregs/M2 macrophages fulfilled a “X-low implies Y-high” Boolean relationship, indicative of a mutually exclusive correlation between neutrophils and M2 macrophages, and between neutrophils and Tregs in the TME of CRC. What’s more, the tumor-infiltrating M2 macrophages and Tregs were associated with adverse prognostic factors, whereas neutrophils were corelated with favorable factors. The high infiltration of neutrophils predicted longer survival and better chemotherapeutic response. Nonetheless, high infiltration of M2 macrophages and Tregs predicted poor prognosis. The combination of these tumor-infiltrating immune cells can serve as an effective predictor for the survival of CRC and for the chemotherapeutic outcomes of stage II–III patients. 

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