Urban climate maps as a public health tool for urban planning: The case of dengue fever in Rio De Janeiro/Brazil

Urban Climate ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 100749
Author(s):  
Lidiane de Oliveira Lemos ◽  
Antonio Carlos Oscar Júnior ◽  
Francisco de Assis Mendonça
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Urban Climate ◽  
Climate Maps

scholarly journals The study of urban climate and traffic: Considerations from the Araraquara case, SP

2019 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 02070
Author(s):  
Clélia Mendonça de Moraes ◽  
Edson Melanda ◽  
Nilson Roberto de Barros Carneiro
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Urban Climate ◽  
Urban Sustainability ◽  
Climatic Variables ◽  
Urban Mobility ◽  
Urban Geometry ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
Urban Microclimates

The article discusses the interface between the influence of the urban climate and the traffic accident, there are as reference the results of the research carried out for the Araraquara case, SP, Brazil. Initially presented a brief analysis of urban mobility, geoprocessing (GIS) and the climatic importance in relation to urban sustainability. The article analyzes the urban climate of Araraquara, especially with regard to solar radiation on city streets and green areas. It was based on the premise that there is a correlation between the urban microclimates and the variables related to the traffic accident. Thus, a georeferenced mapping of the urban geometry was carried out by associating the climatic variables such as solar radiation, temperature and humidity of the air, to three parameters related to the traffic accident were chosen from the a) traffic accident with victim, b) without victim and c) motorcycle. At the end, the article proposes how the results found can reduce traffic accident and contribute to urban planning

COMMUNITY KNOWLEDGE OF DENGUE FEVER IN ALLAMA IQBAL TOWN, LAHORE

2020 ◽  
pp. 52-58
Author(s):  
OJS Admin
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Community Knowledge

Globally, dengue is an emerging serious public health problem with a million infections occurring annually including significant number of dengue hemorrhagic fever cases.

scholarly journals Aporte Teórico-Metodologico para o Estudo da Pluviosidade em Ambientes Urbanos Vulneráveis: Estudo de Caso do Clima Urbano de Duque de Caxias/RJ (Theoretical and Methodological Rain for the Study of Vulnerable in Urban Environments: a Case Study of ...)

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 476
Author(s):  
Antonio Carlos Da Silva Oscar Júnior ◽  
Ana Maria De Paiva Macedo Brandão
Keyword(s):  
Research Agenda ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Urban Climate ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Weather And Climate ◽  
New Space ◽  
New Research

Hodiernamente as ciências do tempo e do clima assumem protagonismo no meio cientifico devido às questões e polêmicas atuais acerca das mudanças climáticas. Tendo em vista esse novo espaço, esse trabalho tem como objetivo trazer uma contribuição teórico-metodologica para aqueles que desejam se debruçar sobre essas novas questões que afligem o mundo moderno. Para aprofundar as discussões deste artigo, abordaremos o caso de Duque de Caxias, localizado na Baixada Fluminense do Rio de Janeiro, usando a também como caso exemplo para explicar como as dinâmicas socioeconômicas, deixando suas marcas no território intensificam os riscos naturais e aprofundam as vulnerabilidades sociais. No aflorar dessa nova agenda de pesquisas é papel dos Geógrafos aprofundarem suas análises em prol de um ordenamento territorial, e gestão do espaço condizente com as novas necessidades da sociedade. Palavras-Chave: Clima Urbano, Mudanças Climáticas, Planejamento Urbano.  Theoretical and Methodological Rain for the Study of Vulnerable in Urban Environments: a Case Study of Urban Climate Duque de Caxias-RJ  ABSTRACT Today the sciences of weather and climate took center stage in the middle due to scientific issues and controversies about the current climate. In light of this new space, this work aims to bring a theoretical and methodological contributions for those Who wish to dwell on these new issues that plague the modern world. For further discussion of this article, we discuss the case of Duque de Caxias, located in the Baixada Fluminense in Rio de Janeiro, also using as a case example to explain how socio-economic dynamics, leaving it’s mark in the territory of natural hazards intensify and deepen the vulnerabilities social. Flourishin this new research agenda is the role of geographers deepen their analysis in favor of a use and land management consistent with the changing needs of society.  Keywords: Urban Climate, Climate Change, Runoff, Urban Management

scholarly journals Whose Health in Whose City? A Systems Thinking Approach to Support and Evaluate Plans, Policies, and Strategies for Lasting Urban Health

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 12225
Author(s):  
Silvio Cristiano ◽  
Samuele Zilio
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Systems Thinking ◽  
Urban Health ◽  
Urban Governance ◽  
Well Being ◽  
World Health ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
The Impact

An increasing interest has been present in scientific literature and policy making for the links between urban environments and health, as also learnt from the COVID-19 pandemic. Collaboration between urban planning and public health is therefore critical for enhancing the capabilities of a city to promote the well-being of its people. However, what leverage potential for urban health can be found in existing plans, policies, and strategies that address urban health? Starting from the relationship between urban systems and health issues, the purpose of this contribution is to broaden the systemic knowledge of urban systems and health so as to try to figure out the impact potential of local urban governance on public health. Considering the systemic nature of health issues, as defined by the World Health Organisation, this is done through a systems thinking epistemological approach. Urban health proposals are studied and assessed in four European cities (Copenhagen, London, Berlin, and Vienna). Current criticalities are found, starting from the guiding goal of such proposals, yet a systemic approach is suggested aimed at supporting and evaluating lasting and healthy urban planning and management strategies.

scholarly journals Parasites in stool samples in the environment of Ilha da Marambaia, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: an approach in public health

2012 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz Coronato ◽  
Otilio Machado Pereira Bastos ◽  
Rosemere Duarte ◽  
Antonio Nascimento Duarte ◽  
Valmir Laurentino-Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Environmental Contamination ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Sugar Solution ◽  
Education Programs ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
High Level ◽  
Trichuris Vulpis

This research aimed to describe the frequency of parasites in stool samples in the environment of Ilha da Marambaia, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. One hundred and five stool samples were collected and processed by the coproparasitological techniques ethyl acetate sedimentation and centrifuge-flotation using saturated sugar solution. Parasites were detected in 81.9% of the samples, hookworm being the most prevalent, followed by Trichuris vulpis. Ascaris sp. eggs were also found. A high level of evolutive forms of parasites with public health risk was found in stool samples of the environment studied. We propose that health education programs, allied to an improvement of human and animal health care, must be employed to reduce the environmental contamination.

Active Mobility: Bringing Together Transport Planning, Urban Planning, and Public Health

2018 ◽  
pp. 149-171
Author(s):  
Caroline Koszowski ◽  
Regine Gerike ◽  
Stefan Hubrich ◽  
Thomas Götschi ◽  
Maria Pohle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Transport Planning

Mental Health as Public Health in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuella Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Ethnic Diversity ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
National Unity ◽  
Public Intervention ◽  
National Public Health

In Brazil, the national public health apparatus became one of the most agile and expansive regulatory mechanisms of control and care during the 19th and early 20th centuries. As Brazilian doctors and social thinkers made public health central to their ideas of modernizing the nation, they simultaneously sought to challenge the notion that Brazil’s sociocultural and racial-ethnic diversity was an insurmountable obstacle to modernization. They conceived of public health as something greater than the sum of its parts, seeing it is as the best prescription for national unity and fundamental to the project of nation-building, not only as a series of practices, outcomes, and beliefs. Proto-psychiatrists, recognizing the ideological momentum and bureaucratic strength of public health, seized upon it as a means and a rationale to ground their therapeutic ideas and treatments. Their characterization of the indigent mentally ill on city streets in Rio de Janeiro as a public health issue politicized both the mentally ill and mental illness as subjects of public intervention. Fashioning themselves as the leading experts in this effort, they garnered the support of state officials and other doctors to create a series of public institutions, organizations, and other measures to treat the mentally ill as unitary intersections of psychiatry and public health. While Brazilian psychiatrists during the late 19th and 20th centuries surely went into private practice, professional psychiatry in Rio as a field turned toward returning irrational minds to reason and “civilizing” the publicly unwell—dual and deeply complex goals of the profession. Public health offered them a preexisting muscular infrastructure through which to practice their medical knowledge and, in so doing, allowed them to expand and legitimize their professional reach. So, under the auspices of an enterprising psychiatric field, mental health largely became public health.

scholarly journals Dengue Risk Mapping from Geospatial Data Using GIS and Data Mining Techniques

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Benjawan Hnusuwan ◽  
Siriwan Kajornkasirat ◽  
Supattra Puttinaovarat
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Data Mining ◽  
Random Forest ◽  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Patient Information ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Random Tree ◽  
Correct Result ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Data Mining Techniques

Dengue fever is a major public health problem and has been an epidemic in Thailand for a long time. Therefore, there is a need to find a way to prevent the disease. This research aimed to explore the important factors of dengue fever, to study the factors affecting dengue hemorrhagic fever in Surat Thani Province, and to map the potential outbreak of dengue fever. Collecting patient information was done including, Rainfall, Digital Elevation Model (DEM), Land Use and Land Cover (LULC), Population Density, and Patients in Surat Thani Province, which was analyzed using data mining techniques involving analysis using 3 algorithms comprising Random Forest, J48, and Random Tree. The correct result is Random Forest since the accuracy of the data is 96.7 percent followed by J48 with accuracy of 95.9 percent. The final sequence is Random Tree with accuracy of 93.5 percent. Then, using the information can be displayed through ArcGIS program to see the risk points that are compared to the risk areas that have been previously done. The results can be very risky in Mueang District, Kanchanadit District, and Don Sak District, corresponding to the information obtained from the Public Health Office and the risk map created from the patient information.

scholarly journals Using an Open GIS Framework and Epidemiological Intelligence for Dengue Surveillance

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ta-Chien Chan ◽  
Bo-Cheng Lin ◽  
Chiao-Ling Kuo ◽  
Li-hsiang Chiang
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Outbreak Investigation ◽  
First Line ◽  
Public Health Workers ◽  
Risk Areas

Objective: In this paper we designed one cross-platform surveillance system to assist dengue fever surveillance, outbreak investigation and risk management of dengue fever.Introduction:In the 2015 dengue outbreak in Taiwan, 43,784 people were infected and 228 died, making it the nation’s largest outbreak ever. Facing the increasing threat of dengue, the integration of health information for prevention and control of outbreaks becomes very important. Based on past epidemics, the areas with higher incidence of dengue fever are located in southern Taiwan. Without a smart and integrated surveillance system, the information on case distribution, high risk areas, mosquito surveillance, flooding areas and so on is fragmented. The first-line public health workers need to check all this information through different systems manually. When outbreaks occurred, paper-based outbreak investigation forms had to be prepared and filled in by public health workers. Then, they needed to enter part of this information into Taiwan CDC’s system. Duplicated work occurred and cost lots of labor time during the epidemic period. Therefore, we choose one rural county, Pingtung County, with scarce financial resources, to set up a new dengue surveillance system.Methods: We designed a web-based cross-platform system based on an open geographical information system (GIS) framework including Openlayers, Javascript, PHP, MySQL and open data from government open data in Taiwan. There were seven epidemiological intelligence functions within the system including risk management, outbreak investigation, planning controlled areas, intelligent detection of high-risk areas, useful tools for decision making, historical epidemics, and system management. The website was developed by responsive web design which can let public health workers check information and fill in the investigation form by any devices.Results: The system was promptly set up in June 2016. With first-line public health workers’ efforts and the help of the surveillance system, there were no indigenous dengue fever cases after the system was implemented. There were sporadic imported cases from south-east Asia. The dengue surveillance system achieved three major improvements: integration of all decision support information; digitalization and automation of outbreak investigation; and planning the control areas. The results on outbreak investigation and mosquito surveillance can directly transfer to Taiwan CDC’s database by Web Application Programming Interface (API). It can avoid duplicated work for disease surveillance.Conclusions: Through introducing the new dengue surveillance system into local health departments, first-line public health workers can update all epidemic information at the same time. During epidemic periods, it can provide demographic, epidemiological, environmental, and entomological information for decision making. During non-epidemic periods, it can highlight the high risk areas for enhanced surveillance to reduce the risk of outbreaks.

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