scholarly journals Women in neurosurgery around the world: A systematic review and discussion of barriers, training, professional development, and solutions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen H. Shi ◽  
Alison M. Westrup ◽  
Christen M. O’Neal ◽  
Madeline C. Hendrix ◽  
Ian F. Dunn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
The World ◽  
Training Professional

scholarly journals Estudos Sobre o Desenvolvimento Profissional de Professores

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-49
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Krein Müller ◽  
Marli Teresinha Quartieri
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Teacher Training ◽  
Continuing Education ◽  
Pedagogical Practice ◽  
Reflective Teacher ◽  
Training Professional ◽  
Bibliographic Study ◽  
Made In

ResumoCom o intuito de identificar aproximações com a pesquisa intitulada que está sendo desenvolvida por uma aluna no Doutorado em Ensino, foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico para conhecer que tipos de estudos estão sendo efetivados com temas relacionados a esta investigação. Com o objetivo realizar uma revisão sistemática em pesquisas que descrevem intervenções com o foco na “formação de professores”, “desenvolvimento profissional”, de modo a identificar como essa associação tem sido tratada na literatura Realizou-se uma busca nas revistas classificadas com A1 no Portal de periódicos da Capes no período de 2013 a 2018, selecionando os títulos que se aproximavam com os temas discutidos nesta pesquisa: “formação de professores” e “desenvolvimento profissional”. Com a análise dos artigos, percebeu-se a necessidade de pesquisas com período maior de formação, buscando formar um professor reflexivo, preocupado em aprimorar sua prática pedagógica, a importância da participação do grupo de professores, a troca e compartilhamento de ideias e atividades, além de alguns apontamentos como em relação a durante dos momentos de formação que podem ser importantes para a constituição de uma formação continuada que busca o desenvolvimento dos professores participantes. Palavras-chave: Desenvolvimento Profissional. Formação de Professores. Prática Pedagógica. Estudo Bibliográfico. Abstract: In order to identify similarities with the research entitled that is being developed by a student in the Doctorate in Teaching, a bibliographic survey was carried out to find out what types of studies are being carried out with themes related to this investigation. In order to carry out a systematic review of research that describes interventions with a focus on "teacher training", "professional development", in order to identify how this association has been treated in the literature. A search was made in journals classified with A1 in the Capes journals portal from 2013 to 2018, selecting the titles that approached the topics discussed in this research: “teacher training” and “professional development”. With the analysis of the articles, there was a need for research with a longer period of training, seeking to train a reflective teacher, concerned with improving his pedagogical practice, the importance of the participation of the group of teachers, the exchange and sharing of ideas and activities, in addition to some notes such as in relation to during the training moments that may be important for the constitution of a continuing education that seeks the development of the participating teachers. Keywords: Professional Development. Teacher Training. Pedagogical Practice. Bibliographic Study.

scholarly journals Changing Knowledge and Attitudes Towards HIV Treatment-as-Prevention and “Undetectable = Untransmittable”: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Bor ◽  
Charlie Fischer ◽  
Mirva Modi ◽  
Bruce Richman ◽  
Cameron Kinker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Viral Suppression ◽  
Hiv Treatment ◽  
Treatment As Prevention ◽  
Global Literature ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
The World ◽  
Hiv Treatment As Prevention ◽  
Changing Knowledge

AbstractPeople on HIV treatment with undetectable virus cannot transmit HIV sexually (Undetectable = Untransmittable, U = U). However, the science of treatment-as-prevention (TasP) may not be widely understood by people with and without HIV who could benefit from this information. We systematically reviewed the global literature on knowledge and attitudes related to TasP and interventions providing TasP or U = U information. We included studies of providers, patients, and communities from all regions of the world, published 2008–2020. We screened 885 papers and abstracts and identified 72 for inclusion. Studies in high-income settings reported high awareness of TasP but gaps in knowledge about the likelihood of transmission with undetectable HIV. Greater knowledge was associated with more positive attitudes towards TasP. Extant literature shows low awareness of TasP in Africa where 2 in 3 people with HIV live. The emerging evidence on interventions delivering information on TasP suggests beneficial impacts on knowledge, stigma, HIV testing, and viral suppression.Review was pre-registered at PROSPERO: CRD42020153725

scholarly journals Recombinant Human Adenovirus-p53 Therapy for the Treatment of Oral Leukoplakia and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 438
Author(s):  
Jagadish Hosmani ◽  
Shazia Mushtaq ◽  
Shahabe Saquib Abullais ◽  
Hussain Mohammed Almubarak ◽  
Khalil Assiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Oral Leukoplakia ◽  
Research Articles ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
The World

Background and Objectives: Oral cancer is the 6th most common cancer in the world and oral leukoplakia is an oral potentially malignant disorder that could develop into oral cancer. This systematic review focusses on randomized clinical trials for recombinant adenovirus p-53 (rAD-p53) therapy for the treatment of oral leukoplakia and cancer. Materials and Methods: We searched for research articles on various databases such as Pubmed/Medline, Embase, CNKI (China National Knowledge Infra-structure), Springerlink, cochrane and Web of sciences from 2003 to 2020. MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) terms were used for the search. Inclusion criteria included original research, randomized clinical trials and articles only in English language. Exclusion criteria were any articles that were not research articles, not randomized trials, non-human studies, etc. The articles were further graded on the Jadad scale. Results: 578 articles were assessed from various databases; only 3 articles were found to be appropriate for this review. Thus, meta-analysis was not performed because of heterogeneity and lack of data. In the three studies, whether rAD-p53 was used as a standalone therapy or with other therapies, there was a beneficial effect of the therapy. Furthermore, there were no serious adverse events and the only adverse events reported were fever, pain at the local injection site, flu-like symptoms and lowered WBC count. Conclusions: Thus, we can conclude that this therapy has a potential for beneficial therapeutic effects and further clinical trials with more patients need to be performed to get better understanding of the effect of rAD-p53 therapy, which probably will pave the way to its approval in other parts of the world.

scholarly journals Systematic Review of Education for Sustainable Development at an Early Stage: Cornerstones and Pedagogical Approaches for Teacher Professional Development

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martín Bascopé ◽  
Paolo Perasso ◽  
Kristina Reiss
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Teacher Professional Development ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Education For Sustainable Development ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Expert Committee ◽  
Teacher Professional ◽  
Pedagogical Approaches

During recent decades, education for sustainable development (ESD) has been under the scope of the international community, but research in ESD for early childhood education (ECE) is still scarce. This article proposes a procedural framework for the implementation of teacher professional development opportunities in the area. During the first phase, we undertook a systematic review of peer-reviewed articles on ESD for ECE (n = 30). After an expert committee revision of the articles reviewed, three cornerstones (scientific action-integrated, community-based and value-oriented scopes) and three sets of suitable pedagogical approaches (art-based, outdoor-based and project-problem-based) were identified. The review was enhanced by an unsystematic review of articles (n = 26) that specifically referred to the cornerstones and approaches. Finally, a double-blind expert coding and categorization of the articles (n = 56) was performed in order to validate the results. Focusing on guidelines and approaches, different examples found in the literature are presented. This review offers a useful framework to understand and practice ESD in ECE. Unlike previous reviews, it has a practical scope to foster innovative teacher professional development opportunities, inspire teachers and inform policy makers. We conclude with some common challenges and the needs for educational systems to foster science-based citizenship education towards sustainable development in a practical way, fostering agency from an early stage to transform local context, creating global awareness of the environmental, social and economic challenges of the 21st century.

scholarly journals Systematic Review of Hepatitis E Virus in Brazil: A One-Health Approach of the Human-Animal-Environment Triad

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2290
Author(s):  
Danny Franciele da Silva Dias Moraes ◽  
João R. Mesquita ◽  
Valéria Dutra ◽  
Maria São José Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
One Health ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Genotype 3 ◽  
The World ◽  
Waterborne Transmission ◽  
Sanitary Conditions

Brazil is the fifth largest country in the world with diverse socioeconomic and sanitary conditions, also being the fourth largest pig producer in the world. The aim of the present systematic review was to collect and summarize all HEV published data from Brazil (from 1995 to October 2020) performed in humans, animals, and the environment, in a One Health perspective. A total of 2173 papers were retrieved from five search databases (LILACs, Mendeley, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) resulting in 71 eligible papers after application of exclusion/inclusion criteria. Data shows that HEV genotype 3 (HEV-3) was the only retrieved genotype in humans, animals, and environment in Brazil. The South region showed the highest human seroprevalence and also the highest pig density and industry, suggesting a zoonotic link. HEV-1 and 2 were not detected in Brazil, despite the low sanitary conditions of some regions. From the present review we infer that HEV epidemiology in Brazil is similar to that of industrialized countries (only HEV-3, swine reservoirs, no waterborne transmission, no association with low sanitary conditions). Hence, we alert for the implementation of HEV surveillance systems in swine and for the consideration of HEV in the diagnostic routine of acute and chronic hepatitis in humans.

scholarly journals Systematic review of clinical practice guidelines for adults with fractures: identification of best evidence for rehabilitation to develop the WHO’s Package of Interventions for Rehabilitation

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Gimigliano ◽  
◽  
Sara Liguori ◽  
Antimo Moretti ◽  
Giuseppe Toro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Hip Fracture ◽  
Distal Radius ◽  
Clinical Practice Guidelines ◽  
Practice Guidelines ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World

Abstract Background The identification of existing rehabilitation interventions and related evidence represents a crucial step along the development of the World Health Organization’s (WHO) Package of Interventions for Rehabilitation (PIR). The methods for such identification have been developed by the WHO Rehabilitation Programme and Cochrane Rehabilitation under the guidance of the WHO’s Guideline Review Committee secretariat. The aim of this paper is to report on the results of the systematic search for clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) relevant to the rehabilitation of adults with fractures and to present the current state of evidence available from the identified CPGs. Methods This paper is part of the Best Evidence for Rehabilitation (be4rehab) series, developed according to the methodology presented in the World Health Organization’s (WHO) Package of Interventions for Rehabilitation (PIR) introductory paper. It is a systematic review of existing CPGs on fractures in adult population published from 2009 to 2019. Results We identified 23 relevant CPGs after title and abstract screening. According to inclusion/exclusion criteria, we selected 13 CPGs. After checking for quality, publication time, multiprofessionality, and comprehensiveness, we finally included five CPGs dealing with rehabilitative management of fractures in adult population, two CPGs addressing treatment of distal radius fracture and three the treatment of femoral/hip fracture. Conclusion The selected CPGs on management of distal radius and femoral/hip fracture include few recommendations regarding rehabilitation, with overall low to very low quality of evidence and weak/conditional strength of recommendation. Moreover, several gaps in specific rehabilitative topics occur. Further high-quality trials are required to upgrade the quality of the available evidence. Level of evidence Level 1.

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