Cumulative Effect of Life Events in Physical and Mental Health

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
A.P. Amaral ◽  
A. Vaz Serra
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
List Type ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Correlational Design ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Mental Symptoms ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship

Aims:This study examines the cumulative effect of life events in physical and mental symptoms. We have two main goals:1.Investigating the cumulative effect of life events in the health of the individual;2.Examining the relationship between the nature of adverse events and type of symptoms presented in terms of physical and mental health.Method:Data collection was performed in the general population, in 2 different moments: time 1 (T1) and time 2 (T2) spaced of nine months. The sample consisted initially by 552 individuals, and by 328 individuals at T2. A correlational design was used.Results:The number of life events, with impact on the individual, accumulated throughout the 9 months shows significant relationships with the physical and mental health in last evaluation. The hassles with impact for the individual are the events most relevant in terms of health. Certain circumstances of life are more closely related to mental health (changing the frequency of familiar meetings, the non-recognition of tasks, the workload increased). Others are more related to physical health (have been robbed or stolen, infidelity).Conclusion:Findings suggest the importance of hassles in the heath and some specificity in the relation with the life events and the physical and mental symptoms.

Traumatic Childhood Events and Potential Consequences in Adult Health

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.P. Amaral ◽  
A. Vaz Serra
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
List Type ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Correlational Design ◽  
Early Experiences ◽  
Mental Symptoms ◽  
Vulnerability To Stress ◽  
The Impact

Aims:The objectives of the study were:1.Investigating the impact of early traumatic experiences in adult physical and mental health;2.Analysing the relationship between early traumatic experiences and adult vulnerability to stress.Method:The sample consisted of 552 adults of the general population. Individuals filled out a series of questionnaires inquired about physical and mental symptoms and early traumatic experiences. A correlational design was used.Results:In relation to mental health, observed that the higher the impact of the situation of rape, aggressive family and alcoholism in parents, during childhood, more psychopathological symptoms have in adulthood. When we regard to physical health, sexual abuse and aggressive family are the early experiences most relevant, they are related with the perceived state of health at present, 1 year ago and 5 years ago, and with the existence of chronic disease. We must also add that, greater the impact of living in an aggressive family, in childhood, greater the vulnerability to stress in adulthood.Conclusion:Given the results obtained, the main conclusion can be drawn from this study are: The higher the degree of impact of traumatic experiences in childhood, worse physical and mental health, and greater vulnerability to stress in adulthood.

Vulnerability to Stress and Physical and Mental Illness

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
A.P. Amaral ◽  
A. Vaz Serra
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Life Events ◽  
The State ◽  
List Type ◽  
Type Number ◽  
State Of Health ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Vulnerability To Stress

Aims:The purpose of this study was to examine whether vulnerability to stress is associated with physical and mental illness. We have two main goals:1.Studying the importance of vulnerability to stress in the state of health of the individual;2.Examining the effects of interactions between the life events, vulnerability to stress and social support in physical and mental symptoms.Method:Multivariate analyses were used in a sample of 255 subjects of general population, evaluated in four different moments, spaced of three months. Regression analysis was used to identify the factors explaining the state of health, at every moment.Results:The results suggest that vulnerability to stress emerge as the larger predictor of changes in health status of individuals in each moment of assessment. Its role is strongest regarding mental health. The longitudinal study suggest two interactions:1.The interaction between life events and factor 1 of vulnerability to stress (perfectionism and low tolerance to frustration), which might explain the changes that occur in mental health.2.The interaction between life events, the factor 7 of vulnerability to stress (deprivation of affection and rejection) and social support explains the changes that occur in physical health, along the study.Conclusion:Findings suggest the importance of vulnerability to stress in physical and mental health.

scholarly journals Impact of Work Value Perception on Workers’ Physical and Mental Health: Evidence from China

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1059
Author(s):  
Fan Yang ◽  
Yao Jiang ◽  
Xiaohong Pu
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Ordered Probit ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Probit Regression ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Value Perception ◽  
Work Value ◽  
The Relationship

Research on the effect of work value perception on workers’ health, especially in emerging economies, is scarce. This study, therefore, explored how work value perception affects the physical and mental health of workers in China. We also examined the mediating role of life satisfaction in the relationship between work value perception and health. Taking a random sample of 16,890 individuals in China, we used ordered probit regression and instrumental variable ordered probit regression to test the links between work value perception and workers’ health based on existence, relatedness, and growth (ERG) theory. The results showed that work value perception significantly affected both the physical and mental health of workers; the results remained robust after solving the endogeneity problem. The subsample regression results showed that work value perception significantly affected the physical and mental health of female, male, married, unmarried, religious, and nonreligious workers. Furthermore, life satisfaction mediated the effect of work value perception on workers’ health. These results shed light on the relationship between work value perception and health and thus have implications for improving workers’ physical and mental health. This study can provide a reference for both governmental and corporate policymakers in emerging economies.

scholarly journals Off-label prescribing of quetiapine in HMP Elmley, a Category B remand prison: a re-audit

BJPsych Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (S1) ◽  
pp. S85-S85
Author(s):  
Nosa Igbinomwanhia ◽  
Kathleen McCurdy
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Royal College ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
List Type ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Off Label ◽  
The Past ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Prescribing Practice ◽  
Potential Risks

AimsThis was a re-audit of off-label prescribing of quetiapine in order to identify the number of patients on off-label quetiapine in HMP Elmley, to monitor compliance by the Mental Health Inreach Team (MHIRT) psychiatrists with the Royal College of Psychiatrists guideline on off-license prescribing, to compare findings with the baseline audit and to identify areas for improvement.MethodAll patients on quetiapine in HMP Elmley were identified and their electronic patient record was reviewed against the standards outlined in the Royal College of Psychiatrists “Use of licensed medicines for unlicensed applications in psychiatric practice (2nd edition).ResultThere were 60 residents on off-license quetiapine prescription in HMP Elmley.Of this number, four had their prescription initiated by a general practitioner, either while in prison or in the community. Two residents were on quetiapine first prescribed while they were on admission in hospital. 5 patients had been initiated by the MHIRT psychiatrists. 38 residents were commenced off-license quetiapine by another psychiatrist, either while they were in the community or in another prison. In 17 patients, electronic records were inadequate to determine who had prescribed the quetiapine.The number of inmates prescribed off-label quetiapine in HMP Elmley had dropped from 82 to 60 in the 1 year since the initial audit. Of these figures, prescriptions initiated by the MHIRT psychiatrists, had dropped from 28.1% (23/82) to 8.3% (5/60).For those prescribed quetiapine by the HMP Elmley psychiatrists, notes were audited against the RCPsych guidelines: Licensed medication was considered first in 80.0%Risks and benefits were considered and documented in 80.0%The benefits and potential risks were explained to patient in 80.0%There was documentation of informed consent in 80.0%Quetiapine was started at a low dose and monitored in 100%No residents required withdrawal of medication due to ineffectiveness or adverse effects.Baseline physical health assessment was performed in 80.0%, though all had an ECG done.ConclusionOver the past year there has been an improvement in off-label antipsychotic prescribing practice within the MHIRT.However, the number of off-label antipsychotic prescriptions still remains high throughout the prison. There should be continued effort at minimizing off-label prescribing within the MHIRT, monitored by auditing. However, work needs to be done jointly with other prescribers, such as GP colleagues, in order to avoid unnecessary prescriptions and to monitor regularly the physical and mental health of those on off-label quetiapine.

Religiosity and Adaptation in the Oldest-Old

1992 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradley C. Courtenay ◽  
Leonard W. Poon ◽  
Peter Martin ◽  
Gloria M. Clayton ◽  
Mary Ann Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Religious Coping ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Oldest Old ◽  
Coping Mechanisms ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
And Coping ◽  
The Relationship

Previous research has yielded mixed results with respect to the relationship between religiosity and adaptation in older adults. Most studies show that religiosity is stable over the life span, but that religiosity may or may not be related to such factors as physical and mental health, life satisfaction, and coping. This study adds to earlier investigations by including centenarians among the sample. The preliminary results of this research project support earlier findings that religiosity does not change significantly as one ages, although there is a trend in the results that suggests otherwise. The results also indicate a significant relationship between religiosity and physical health but no significant relationship between religiosity and mental health and life satisfaction. Religiosity and coping are strongly related, and there is the suggestion that religious coping mechanisms might be more important in the oldest-old.

Loneliness and aging in China–a public health problem in need of solutions

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 1771-1772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shulin Chen ◽  
Yeates Conwell ◽  
Helen Fung Kum Chiu
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Social Connectedness ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Her Family ◽  
The Individual

Loneliness is a common, distressing feeling that results when one perceives his/her social relationships and supports as inadequate. Social connectedness refers to the relationships between the individual and his or her family, friends, community, and other supports. Neither loneliness nor social connectedness has received enough research attention, in particular with regard to older adults’ physical and mental health.

Verbal Disclosure and Mental Health Among Gay Latino and Gay White Men

2021 ◽  
pp. 001100002110513
Author(s):  
Kevin Delucio ◽  
Adrian J. Villicana ◽  
Monica Biernat
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
White Men ◽  
Mechanical Turk ◽  
Gay Identity ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Shame And Guilt ◽  
Amazon's Mechanical Turk ◽  
The Relationship

We examined the relationship between verbal disclosure of sexual orientation and mental health among gay Latino and gay White men. In Study 1, we recruited 164 gay Latino ( n = 81) and gay White ( n = 83) men via Amazon’s Mechanical Turk (MTurk). Participants completed measures assessing the degree to which they verbally disclosed their gay identity to others, as well as their depression and anxiety symptoms. Increased verbal disclosure predicted better mental health among gay White men only; no statistically significant relationships emerged among gay Latinos. In Study 2, we recruited 281 gay Latino ( n = 130) and White ( n = 151) men via MTurk, in which feelings of shame and guilt independently mediated the relationship between verbal disclosure and mental health. Among gay White men, increased verbal disclosure predicted less shame and guilt, which predicted better mental health. These relationships did not emerge for gay Latinos.

Familism and the Hispanic Health Advantage: The Role of Immigrant Status

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 274-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina J. Diaz ◽  
Michael Niño
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Familial Support ◽  
Hispanic Community ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

It is well known that Hispanic immigrants exhibit better physical and mental health than their U.S.-born counterparts. Scholars theorize that stronger orientations toward the family, also known as familism, could contribute to this immigrant advantage. Yet, little work directly tests whether familial attitudes may be responsible for the favorable health of foreign-born Hispanics. We investigate this possibility using biomarkers, anthropometrics, and mental health assessments from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (N = 4,078). Results demonstrate that the relationship between familial attitudes and health vary depending on the outcome assessed. While Hispanics with strong attitudes toward familial support have fewer symptoms of depression and anxiety, those who report high referent familism display worse mental health outcomes. We find little evidence that familism is linked to physical health or that immigrant generation moderates the relationship of interest. Our results challenge assumptions that familism is responsible for the comparably better health of foreign-born Hispanics.

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