Regulation of EGF-receptor expression by EGF and TGFα in epidermoid cancer cells is cell type-specific

1998 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 1265-1278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross K. McCulloch ◽  
Caroline E Walker ◽  
Aron Chakera ◽  
Jalal Jazayeri ◽  
Peter J. Leedman
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Egf Receptor ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Cell Type Specific

scholarly journals Th2 Cytokine Modulates Herpesvirus Reactivation in a Cell Type Specific Manner

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoxun Wang ◽  
Christina Zarek ◽  
Tyron Chang ◽  
Lili Tao ◽  
Alexandria Lowe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
The Body ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Conditional Knockout ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Virus Reactivation ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Murine Gammaherpesvirus ◽  
Cell Type Specific

Gammaherpesviruses, such as Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), Kaposi’s sarcoma associated virus (KSHV), and murine γ-herpesvirus 68 (MHV68), establish latent infection in B cells, macrophages, and non-lymphoid cells, and can induce both lymphoid and non-lymphoid cancers. Research on these viruses has relied heavily on immortalized B cell and endothelial cell lines. Therefore, we know very little about the cell type specific regulation of virus infection. We have previously shown that treatment of MHV68-infected macrophages with the cytokine interleukin-4 (IL-4) or challenge of MHV68-infected mice with an IL-4-inducing parasite leads to virus reactivation. However, we do not know if all latent reservoirs of the virus, including B cells, reactivate the virus in response to IL-4. Here we used an in vivo approach to address the question of whether all latently infected cell types reactivate MHV68 in response to a particular stimulus. We found that IL-4 receptor expression on macrophages was required for IL-4 to induce virus reactivation, but that it was dispensable on B cells. We further demonstrated that the transcription factor, STAT6, which is downstream of the IL-4 receptor and binds virus gene 50 N4/N5 promoter in macrophages, did not bind to the virus gene 50 N4/N5 promoter in B cells. These data suggest that stimuli that promote herpesvirus reactivation may only affect latent virus in particular cell types, but not in others. Importance Herpesviruses establish life-long quiescent infections in specific cells in the body, and only reactivate to produce infectious virus when precise signals induce them to do so. The signals that induce herpesvirus reactivation are often studied only in one particular cell type infected with the virus. However, herpesviruses establish latency in multiple cell types in their hosts. Using murine gammaherpesvirus-68 (MHV68) and conditional knockout mice, we examined the cell type specificity of a particular reactivation signal, interleukin-4 (IL-4). We found that IL-4 only induced herpesvirus reactivation from macrophages, but not from B cells. This work indicates that regulation of virus latency and reactivation is cell type specific. This has important implications for therapies aimed at either promoting or inhibiting reactivation for the control or elimination of chronic viral infections.

scholarly journals Detection of Cell Types Contributing to Cancer From Circulating, Cell-Free Methylated DNA

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan E. Barefoot ◽  
Netanel Loyfer ◽  
Amber J. Kiliti ◽  
A. Patrick McDeed ◽  
Tommy Kaplan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Circulating Tumor Dna ◽  
Cancer Diagnostics ◽  
Tissue Homeostasis ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Liquid Biopsies ◽  
Methylated Dna ◽  
Cell Type Specific

Detection of cellular changes in tissue biopsies has been the basis for cancer diagnostics. However, tissue biopsies are invasive and limited by inaccuracies due to sampling locations, restricted sampling frequency, and poor representation of tissue heterogeneity. Liquid biopsies are emerging as a complementary approach to traditional tissue biopsies to detect dynamic changes in specific cell populations. Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) fragments released into the circulation from dying cells can be traced back to the tissues and cell types they originated from using DNA methylation, an epigenetic regulatory mechanism that is highly cell-type specific. Decoding changes in the cellular origins of cfDNA over time can reveal altered host tissue homeostasis due to local cancer invasion and metastatic spread to distant organs as well as treatment responses. In addition to host-derived cfDNA, changes in cancer cells can be detected from cell-free, circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) by monitoring DNA mutations carried by cancer cells. Here, we will discuss computational approaches to identify and validate robust biomarkers of changed tissue homeostasis using cell-free, methylated DNA in the circulation. We highlight studies performing genome-wide profiling of cfDNA methylation and those that combine genetic and epigenetic markers to further identify cell-type specific signatures. Finally, we discuss opportunities and current limitations of these approaches for implementation in clinical oncology.

scholarly journals Cell-Type Specific Metabolic Response of Cancer Cells to Curcumin

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 1661
Author(s):  
Anamarija Mojzeš ◽  
Marko Tomljanović ◽  
Lidija Milković ◽  
Renata Novak Kujundžić ◽  
Ana Čipak Gašparović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Warburg Effect ◽  
Aerobic Glycolysis ◽  
Intracellular Localization ◽  
Lactate Production ◽  
Glucose Consumption ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Cell Type Specific ◽  
The Warburg Effect

In order to support uncontrolled proliferation, cancer cells need to adapt to increased energetic and biosynthetic requirements. One such adjustment is aerobic glycolysis or the Warburg effect. It is characterized by increased glucose uptake and lactate production. Curcumin, a natural compound, has been shown to interact with multiple molecules and signaling pathways in cancer cells, including those relevant for cell metabolism. The effect of curcumin and its solvent, ethanol, was explored on four different cancer cell lines, in which the Warburg effect varied. Vital cellular parameters (proliferation, viability) were measured along with the glucose consumption and lactate production. The transcripts of pyruvate kinase 1 and 2 (PKM1, PKM2), serine hydroxymethyltransferase 2 (SHMT2) and phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH) were quantified with RT-qPCR. The amount and intracellular localization of PKM1, PKM2 and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) proteins were analyzed by Western blot. The response to ethanol and curcumin seemed to be cell-type specific, with respect to all parameters analyzed. High sensitivity to curcumin was present in the cell lines originating from head and neck squamous cell carcinomas: FaDu, Detroit 562 and, especially, Cal27. Very low sensitivity was observed in the colon adenocarcinoma-originating HT-29 cell line, which retained, after exposure to curcumin, a higher levels of lactate production despite decreased glucose consumption. The effects of ethanol were significant.

scholarly journals A novel cell type-specific role of p38α in the control of autophagy and cell death in colorectal cancer cells

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 693-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Comes ◽  
A Matrone ◽  
P Lastella ◽  
B Nico ◽  
F C Susca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Specific Role ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Cells ◽  
Cell Type Specific

scholarly journals Cell Specific Dopamine Modulation of the Transient Potassium Current in the Pyloric Network by the Canonical D1 Receptor Signal Transduction Cascade

2010 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 873-884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongmei Zhang ◽  
Edmund W. Rodgers ◽  
Wulf-Dieter C. Krenz ◽  
Merry C. Clark ◽  
Deborah J. Baro
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Current ◽  
Expression System ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Motor Pattern ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Intracellular Camp ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Pyloric Network ◽  
Cell Type Specific

Dopamine (DA) modifies the motor pattern generated by the pyloric network in the stomatogastric ganglion (STG) of the spiny lobster, Panulirus interruptus , by directly acting on each of the circuit neurons. The 14 pyloric neurons fall into six cell types, and DA actions are cell type specific. The transient potassium current mediated by shal channels ( IA) is a common target of DA modulation in most cell types. DA shifts the voltage dependence of IA in opposing directions in pyloric dilator (PD) versus lateral pyloric (LP) neurons. The mechanism(s) underpinning cell-type specific DA modulation of IA is unknown. DA receptors (DARs) can be classified as type 1 (D1R) or type 2 (D2R). D1Rs and D2Rs are known to increase and decrease intracellular cAMP concentrations, respectively. We hypothesized that the opposing DA effects on PD and LP IA were due to differences in DAR expression patterns. In the present study, we found that LP expressed somatodendritic D1Rs that were concentrated near synapses but did not express D2Rs. Consistently, DA modulation of LP IA was mediated by a Gs-adenylyl cyclase-cAMP-protein kinase A pathway. Additionally, we defined antagonists for lobster D1Rs (flupenthixol) and D2Rs (metoclopramide) in a heterologous expression system and showed that DA modulation of LP IA was blocked by flupenthixol but not by metoclopramide. We previously showed that PD neurons express D2Rs, but not D1Rs, thus supporting the idea that cell specific effects of DA on IA are due to differences in receptor expression.

scholarly journals Gene expression relationship between prostate cancer cells of Gleason 3, 4 and normal epithelial cells as revealed by cell type-specific transcriptomes

BMC Cancer ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura E Pascal ◽  
Ricardo ZN Vêncio ◽  
Laura S Page ◽  
Emily S Liebeskind ◽  
Christina P Shadle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Prostate Cancer Cells ◽  
Cell Type Specific

scholarly journals Distinct roles of cohesin-SA1 and cohesin-SA2 in 3D chromosome organization

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Kojic ◽  
Ana Cuadrado ◽  
Magali De Koninck ◽  
Miriam Rodríguez-Corsino ◽  
Gonzalo Gómez-López ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Sister Chromatid ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Dna Looping ◽  
Chromosome Organization ◽  
Genome Architecture ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Chromatid Cohesion ◽  
Cell Type Specific ◽  
Specific Contribution

AbstractIn addition to mediating sister chromatid cohesion, cohesin plays a central role in DNA looping and segmentation of the genome into contact domains (TADs). Two variant cohesin complexes that contain either STAG/SA1 or SA2 are present in all cell types. Here we addressed their specific contribution to genome architecture in non-transformed human cells. We found that cohesin-SA1 drives stacking of cohesin rings at CTCF-bound sites and thereby contributes to the stabilization and preservation of TAD boundaries. In contrast, a more dynamic cohesin-SA2 promotes cell type-specific contacts between enhancers and promoters within TADs independently of CTCF. SA2 loss, a condition frequently observed in cancer cells, results in increased intra-TAD interactions, likely altering the expression of key cell identity genes.

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