scholarly journals Voluntarism, Virtuous Citizenship, and Nation-Building in Late Colonial and Early Postcolonial Tanzania

2015 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Hunter
Keyword(s):  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
Postcolonial State ◽  
Postcolonial States

Abstract:This article offers a historical perspective on the concept of voluntarism in modern Africa. It does so by exploring the ways in which postcolonial states grappled with the legacies of colonial-era concepts of voluntarism, using Tanzania as a case study. It argues that the postcolonial state sought to combine two strands of colonial thinking about voluntarism in a new conception of “virtuous citizenship.” But this was a fragile construction, and the language of voluntarism could bring to light divisions in society that many would have preferred to keep hidden.

scholarly journals Relative Deprivation, Identity Politics and the Neo-Biafran Movement in Nigeria: Critical Issues of Nation-Building in a Postcolonial African State

2016 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 73-80
Author(s):  
Remi Chukwudi Okeke
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Identity Politics ◽  
Relative Deprivation ◽  
African State ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Postcolonial State ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
The Relationship

This study examines the linkages between relative deprivation and identity politics in a postcolonial state. It further investigates the relationship among these variables and nation-building challenges in the postcolony. It is a case study of the Nigerian state in West Africa, which typically harbours the attributes of postcoloniality and indeed, large measures of relative deprivation in her sociopolitical and economic affairs. The study is also an interrogation of the neo-Biafran agitations in Nigeria. It has been attempted in the study to offer distinctive explanations over the problematique of nation-building in the postcolonial African state of Nigeria, using relative deprivation, identity politics and the neo-Biafran movement as variables. In framing the study’s theoretical trajectories and in historicizing the background of the research, ample resort has been made to a significant range of qualitative secondary sources. A particularly salient position of the study is that it will actually be difficult to locate on the planet, any group of people whose subsequent generations (in perpetuity) would wear defeat on the war front, as part of their essential identity. Hence, relative deprivation was found to be more fundamental than identity politics in the neo-Biafran agitations in Nigeria. However, the compelling issues were found to squarely border on nation-building complications in the postcolony.

Sport and nationalism in the Republic of North Macedonia

Focaal ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Vasiliki P. Neofotistos
Keyword(s):  
Direct Product ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
National History ◽  
Sports Teams ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
The North ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
The Republic

Using the Republic of North Macedonia as a case study, this article analyzes the processes through which national sports teams’ losing performance acquires a broad social and political significance. I explore claims to sporting victory as a direct product of political forces in countries located at the bottom of the global hierarchy that participate in a wider system of coercive rule, frequently referred to as empire. I also analyze how public celebrations of claimed sporting victories are intertwined with nation-building efforts, especially toward the global legitimization of a particular version of national history and heritage. The North Macedonia case provides a fruitful lens through which we can better understand unfolding sociopolitical developments, whereby imaginings of the global interlock with local interests and needs, in the Balkans and beyond.

Historical Perspectives on Innovation in Indian Business

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claude Markovits
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Specific Context ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
Industrial Firm ◽  
Historical Perspectives ◽  
Entire World ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Trading Network

This chapter deals with the question of innovation in Indian business from a historical perspective. After a brief survey of the literature, emphasizing how divided scholarly opinion was regarding the existence of forms of innovation in Indian business prior to the colonial era, the focus shifts to the British period. It is shown that Schumpeter’s definition of innovation equating it with technological innovation cannot be fruitfully applied to the Indian business scene. Two case studies are then proposed: Tata Iron & Steel, the largest Indian industrial firm, is shown to have been innovative in the specific context of India’s backward industrial scene, while the Sindwork merchants of Hyderabad are an instance of an Indian trading network which extended its range to the entire world. Concluding remarks interrogate post-Independence developments and stress the limits of the innovativeness of Indian business, prior to the recent liberal reforms.

Medina Gounass: Constructing Extra-National Space in a West African Borderland

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
David Newman Glovsky
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
West African ◽  
Religious Community ◽  
National Space ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
History Of ◽  
Postcolonial Africa ◽  
Postcolonial States ◽  
The Town

Abstract The historical autonomy of the religious community of Medina Gounass in Senegal represents an alternative geographic territory to that of colonial and postcolonial states. The borderland location of Medina Gounass allowed the town to detach itself from colonial and independent Senegal, creating parallel governmental structures and imposing a particular interpretation of Islamic law. While in certain facets this autonomy was limited, the community was able to distance itself through immigration, cross-border religious ties, and smuggling. Glovsky’s analysis of the history of Medina Gounass offers a case study for the multiplicity of geographical and territorial entities in colonial and postcolonial Africa.

An introduction to the functioning process of embedded paratext of digital literature: Technoeikon of digital poetry

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 646-660
Author(s):  
T Shanmugapriya ◽  
Nirmala Menon ◽  
Andy Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Print Culture ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Electronic Literature ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Digital Literature ◽  
Digital Poetry ◽  
Cyclical Process ◽  
The Comparative Study ◽  
Digital Components

Abstract The recent digital-born electronic literature has heterogeneous components such as kinetic texts, kinetic images, graphical designs, sounds, and videos. These digital components are embedded with the main text as the paratext of print and digital works such as preface, author’s name, illustrations, and title. However, the comparative study between paratext and embedded paratext of electronic literature shows the different strategic patterns and functions of these entities. We discuss the conceptual framework of illuminant devices of paratexts and propose a new term technoeikon to recognize the functions of embedded literary artifact in digital literary works. We examine the critical construction of new term technoeikon which has a unique characteristic that makes electronic literary works different from print literature. This essay reviews the cyclical process of technoeikon from the historical perspective of pre-print culture and print culture and acknowledges technoeikon as inherited from our tradition. Due to digital contrivances, technoeikon takes a new expression as performing in digital ecology which is different from our traditional analog. This article presents a case study on Andy Campbell's (2007b) Dim O'Gauble. Also, Campbell responds to the interpretation of new term technoeikon in the fourth section of the essay.

scholarly journals Turkic poetic heritage as symbol and spectacle of identity: observations on Turkmenistan's Year of Magtymguly celebrations

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-336
Author(s):  
Paul Michael Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
Power Structure ◽  
Public Culture ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Cultural Activities ◽  
Cultural Sector

This paper presents one case study of state-sponsored cultural activities that occurred throughout 2014, Turkmenistan's Year of Magtymguly, the 290th anniversary of this Turkmen poet's birth. Such activities constitute examples of public culture; they can organize representations of a society's past and present to reaffirm for participants the values and power structure of their society and revalidate its philosophical underpinnings. After examining this Turkic poet's iconicity, this paper compiles 2014's celebratory events from disparate sources, complementing broader general literature on Central Asia's spectacles of public culture and their role in nation-building and identity-formation. Rather than merely resulting from any top-down decision specifying required activities nationwide, the year's events involved numerous synergies as artists, museum and theater administrators, composers, and other cultural-sector workers benefited by responding to the potential of aligning their work with a theme as broad, as widely appreciated, and as eligible for various forms of support as this one. In addition, Turkmenistan's strong central leadership benefited from this widely shared and highly visible celebration, especially emphasizing one element within Magtymguly's eighteenth-century vision, an end to his people's tribal conflicts within a unified Turkmenistan under one leader.

Identity Politics and Refugee Policies in Kupang, Eastern Indonesia: A Politico-Historical Perspective

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Andrey Damaledo
Keyword(s):  
Identity Politics ◽  
Host Country ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Refugee Status ◽  
Timor Leste ◽  
Displaced People ◽  
Over Time

Abstract This article assesses the implementation of Presidential Regulation No. 125 of 2016 concerning the Treatment of Refugees and how it relates to different kinds of bureaucratic labelling of refugees as it unfolds in Indonesia’s region of Kupang. From a politico-historical perspective, Kupang is a useful case-study for elucidating the policy implications of the labelling of refugees, as the region has been hosting different kinds of refugees due to its strategic geographical location that borders Australia and Timor-Leste. Drawing on my fieldwork in Kupang between October 2012 and October 2013, and my intermittent return to the region between January 2017 and February 2019, this article argues that labels for refugees evolve over time in response to the larger sociopolitical situation, but they are formed mostly to serve the interest of the host country rather than those of displaced people. Furthermore, while labelling displaced people as “refugees” has been effective in justifying funding and support, it can also lead to a manipulation of refugee status, and the marginalization and exclusion of refugees.

Avondale Estates: A Case Study in Governmental Accounting and Auditing—A Historical Approach

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 419-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald L. Ariail ◽  
Joe Durden ◽  
Marilynn Leathart ◽  
Lynette Chapman-Vasill
Keyword(s):  
Public Service ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Accounting Standards ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Governmental Accounting ◽  
Accounting History ◽  
Service Role ◽  
Audit Reports

ABSTRACT The 82 years of accounting evolution that separate the audits of 1928 and 2009 under different accounting and auditing standards are examined through a cross-disciplined case study that compares the historical 1928 and the contemporary 2009 financial statements and the accompanying audit reports of Avondale Estates, Georgia. The 1928 and 2009 reports and financial statements of this municipality, along with the municipality's current budget information accessible over the Internet, can be used in a number of ways to enhance the instruction of governmental accounting at the undergraduate, graduate, and doctoral levels. In addition to aiding in the teaching of current governmental accounting standards, the case also can be used to give the student a historical perspective on governmental accounting and the accounting profession. By comparing the accounting and reporting standards used in 1928 and 2009, the student will gain an understanding of the evolution of accounting thought. Moreover, the auditors' reports for the two periods illustrate the historical and continuing public service role of the CPA profession as detailed in ET Section 53 of the AICPA Professional Standards (AICPA 2010). Thus, this case study gives the accounting instructor a useful vehicle for teaching accounting history and thought.

scholarly journals The Revitalization of Iconic Shapes through the Creation of Relief Dimensional Paintings as Tourism Software Products (Case Study in Medan City, Indonesia)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 450-460
Author(s):  
Zulkifli Zulkifli ◽  
Anam Ibrahim ◽  
Mangatas Pasaribu ◽  
Bakhrul Khair Amal
Keyword(s):  
Sheet Material ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Aesthetic Quality ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
Rubber Sheet ◽  
Software Products ◽  
Research Article ◽  
City Tourism ◽  
The Creation

Medan City in Indonesia, is rich with iconic forms in the form of historical buildings and cultural products of the past. On the other hand, Medan City tourism has been known since the Dutch colonial era, but has not been supported by the availability of souvenir products. This research article describes the revitalization of the iconic forms of Medan City. The aim is to examine the potential of iconic forms to be used as the basis for the development of relief-dimensional painting as a tourism souvenir product. This research use desciptive qualitative approach. The replicated method is a combination of survey method and creation method. Sources of research data are written data, photo data, interview results, notes on the creation process, and appreciative assessments. Data analysis was carried out using an interactive model: data reduction, data presentation, verification and conclusion drawing. The results showed that the iconic shapes of Medan City have great potential to be explored into original painting themes. Technically, the art of painting with relief dimensions is effectively developed with rubber sheet material, supported by strong texture work. Overall, the paintings produced have an aesthetic quality, exclusive as tourism souvenirs.

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