Self-employment and the distribution of income

1996 ◽  
pp. 208-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nigel Meager ◽  
Gill Court ◽  
Janet Moralee
Keyword(s):  
Self Employment ◽  
Distribution Of Income

Labor shares and inequality: insights from Italian economic history, 1895–19701

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giacomo Gabbuti
Keyword(s):  
Income Distribution ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Italian History ◽  
The Past ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Functional Distribution ◽  
Distribution Of Income

Abstract This article develops theoretical and practical motivations for studying the functional distribution of income in the past. Italy is adopted as a case study, because of the availability of long-run estimates on personal inequality and of the long-lasting incidence of self-employment. New labor shares for 1895–1970 show Italian workers accruing a low share of income until 1945; by the end of the 1950s, they rapidly converged to the European average. Italian history shows that functional income distribution deepens our understanding of long- and short-run distributional trends and makes a compelling case for approaching inequality by combining diverse sources and methodologies.

scholarly journals Labour Market Participation and Income Distribution of the Aged in Nigeria

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Osunde Omoruyi ◽  
Augustine O. Dokpesi
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Market Participation ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Elderly Males ◽  
Participation Level ◽  
Labour Market Participation ◽  
Market Income ◽  
Distribution Of Income

This paper examines labour market participation and distribution of income of the elderly in Nigeria, with emphasis on the changes in the distribution of household income due to demographic change. The paper utilized the logit regression analysis and observed that participation in the labour market among elderly women is higher than that of elderly men in all educational levels; the labour market participation level among farmers decreases with old age illness and education. The outcome of the decomposition method on the distribution of income in the labour market analysis of the elderly shows that inequality is higher among elderly males involved in income earning activities compared to the elderly females. On the percentage share of the distribution of the labour market income, it is found that the income of elderly males is higher than that of elderly females in all income types except for self-employment.

scholarly journals Income and Wealth Inequality in Malta

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Ilias Georgakopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Wealth Distribution ◽  
Wealth Inequality ◽  
Wealth Quintile ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Financing Structure ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
First Time ◽  
Distribution Of Income

This paper studies for the first time the distribution of income and wealth in Malta based on three waves of micro-level data from the Household Finance and Consumption Survey (HFCS). The focus of the analysis is to examine various socioeconomic aspects of income and wealth inequality and contributing factors, as well as determinants of the joint distribution of income and wealth. Results suggest that household main residence (HMR) is the most equalising factor of wealth inequality, while self-employment wealth is the most disequalising factor. The financing structure of HMR is particularly important to explain the position of a household in the wealth distribution. Furthermore, the age and education level of the reference person of a household, increases in household income and inheritance or gifts affect positively the probability of a household to be in a higher net wealth quintile.

Turkish Muslims in a German city: Entrepreneurial and residential self-determination

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Sarah Hackett
Keyword(s):  
Residential Patterns ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
German City ◽  
Post War ◽  
Oral History Interviews ◽  
The City ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Term Objective

Drawing upon a collection of oral history interviews, this paper offers an insight into entrepreneurial and residential patterns and behaviour amongst Turkish Muslims in the German city of Bremen. The academic literature has traditionally argued that Turkish migrants in Germany have been pushed into self-employment, low-quality housing and segregated neighbourhoods as a result of discrimination, and poor employment and housing opportunities. Yet the interviews reveal the extent to which Bremen’s Turkish Muslims’ performances and experiences have overwhelmingly been the consequences of personal choices and ambitions. For many of the city’s Turkish Muslim entrepreneurs, self-employment had been a long-term objective, and they have succeeded in establishing and running their businesses in the manner they choose with regards to location and clientele, for example. Similarly, interviewees stressed the way in which they were able to shape their housing experiences by opting which districts of the city to live in and by purchasing property. On the whole, they perceive their entrepreneurial and residential practices as both consequences and mediums of success, integration and a loyalty to the city of Bremen. The findings are contextualised within the wider debate regarding the long-term legacy of Germany’s post-war guest-worker system and its position as a “country of immigration”.

Entrepreneurship as Social Status: Turkish Immigrants’ Experiences of Self-Employment in Finland

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Östen Wahlbeck
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Economic Hardship ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Food Sector ◽  
Turkish Immigrants ◽  
Self Employment

The article discusses the experiences of self-employment among immigrants from Turkey living in Finland. The immigrants are mainly active in the restaurant and fast food sector in Finland, primarily in small kebap and pizza businesses. The article argues that both economic and social aspects explain the experiences of self-employment. Despite economic hardship, the freedom and social status connected to entrepreneurship is highly valued. Self-employment provides a positive self-understanding and a good social status, which the immigrants from Turkey find it difficult to achieve by any other means in Finnish society

First Steps towards Self-Employment – Microcredit for Enterprise in Scotland

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil McHugh ◽  
Morag Gillespie ◽  
Jana Loew ◽  
Cam Donaldson
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Enterprise Development ◽  
Grameen Bank ◽  
Economic Strategy ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Start Up ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Poor Communities

While lending for small businesses and business start-up is a long-standing feature of economic policy in the UK and Scotland, little is known about the support available for those taking the first steps into self-employment, particularly people from poorer communities. This paper presents the results of a project that aimed to address this gap. It mapped provision of support for enterprise, including microcredit (small loans for enterprise of £5,000 or less) and grants available to people in deprived communities. It found more programmes offering grants than loans. Grants programmes, although more likely to be time limited and often linked to European funding, were generally better targeted to poor communities than loan programmes that were more financially sustainable. The introduction of the Grameen Bank to Scotland will increase access to microcredit, but this paper argues that there is a place – and a need – for both loans and grants to support enterprise development across Scotland. A Scottish economic strategy should take account of all levels of enterprise development and, in striving towards a fairer Scotland, should ensure that the poorest people and communities are not excluded from self-employment because of the lack of small amounts of support necessary to take the first steps.

The Distribution of Income and Wealth in Korea

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Leipziger ◽  
D. Dollar ◽  
A. F. Shorrocks ◽  
Su Yong Song
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Of Income

High Technology Entrepreneurship

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 236
Author(s):  
Harjyot Kaur ◽  
Manjit Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Social Entrepreneurship ◽  
New Products ◽  
High Technology ◽  
Asset Ownership ◽  
Technology Entrepreneurship ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Development Section ◽  
Value Of Firm ◽  
Ownership Rights ◽  
Selection Of

High Technology entrepreneurship is very important aspect in many debates, including those which are regarding launching new firms and development, regional economic development, section of stakeholders, selection of markets, educating managers and scientists.The purpose of this article is to define the high technology entrepreneurship, and identify its various aspects in relation with economics, entrepreneurship and management.High technology entrepreneurship is an investment in a project that uses various specialized individuals and various assets to create and capture the value of firm. Collaborative experiments and production of new products, assets and their attributes, which related to advances in scientific and technological knowledge and the firm’s asset ownership rights are the various factors which distinguishes Technology entrepreneurship from other entrepreneurship types (e.g. Social entrepreneurship, Small business and Self employment).

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