scholarly journals 4409 Indiana Clinical & Translational Science Monon Collaborative – Community Impact Hubs

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (s1) ◽  
pp. 86-87
Author(s):  
Sarah Wiehe ◽  
David Craig ◽  
Matthew Wilcox ◽  
Emily Hardwick ◽  
Carrie Lawrence ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Research Team ◽  
Health Determinants ◽  
List Type ◽  
Community Impact ◽  
Marion County ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
Environmental Scan ◽  
Key Informant

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Conduct an environmental scan of Marion County (Indianapolis) neighborhoods using electronic medical record data, state health data, and social and economic dataDevelop strong network of community collaboratorsConduct a thorough assessment for each targeted neighborhood by listening and understanding the pressing health issues in the community and working together to design and deliver solutionsMETHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Identify measures in the 3 domains of vulnerability, health and assets for the targeted neighborhoods and conduct bivariate descriptive statistics and multivariable regression analyses to investigate association between measures of vulnerability and health outcomes.Initiate relationships with leaders and residents in targeted neighborhoodsLocate organizations working in targeted neighborhoods through online mapping software and word-of-mouth at neighborhood events, and created a spreadsheet with contact information.Conduct multidisciplinary assessment (i.e. key informant interviews, focus groups, town hall meetings) of the targeted neighborhood.Iteratively synthesize assessments to develop areas of interest and relevance to the community.Develop a road map for solutions identified by the community.RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: The results from the environmental scan conducted will be displayed in a report and visual “map” of health outcomes and health determinants, including assets and barriers for the targeted neighborhoods. The research team will use results from the environmental scan coupled with listening activities including attendance at community events, key informant interviews and focus groups to develop relationships and strong collaborations with the targeted neighborhood stakeholders. The relationship building between the research team and community will provide increased trust and engagement that will further enhance the effectiveness of the assessments completed with the targeted neighborhood. The assessments will help to empower communities to develop sustainable solutions and drive future work that will lead to future grant applications and larger-scale implementation in other community impact hub neighborhoods. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Through the community impact hub work, we will develop collaborative efforts with targeted neighborhoods with the greatest health inequities in the Marion County area. In partnership with these neighborhoods, we will build a foundation – a network of community collaborators and a focused plan – upon which we will improve the health outcomes of residents while learning best practices on how to do so.

scholarly journals The Quality Mental Health Care Network: A roadmap to improving quality mental healthcare in Canada

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-106
Author(s):  
Emily J. Follwell ◽  
Siri Chunduri ◽  
Claire Samuelson-Kiraly ◽  
Nicholas Watters ◽  
Jonathan I. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Mental Health Care ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Lived Experiences ◽  
Mental Healthcare ◽  
Care Network ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Health Care Network

Although there are numerous quality of care frameworks, little attention has been given to the essential concepts that encompass quality mental healthcare. HealthCare CAN and the Mental Health Commission of Canada co-lead the Quality Mental Health Care Network (QMHCN), which has developed a quality mental healthcare framework, building on existing provincial, national, and international frameworks. HealthCare CAN conducted an environmental scan, key informant interviews, and focus groups with individuals with lived experiences to develop the framework. This article outlines the findings from this scan, interviews and focus groups.

scholarly journals Equitable Access of Naloxone Programs in Durham Region, Ontario, Canada

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Martignetti ◽  
W Sun
Keyword(s):  
Service Providers ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Equitable Access ◽  
Descriptive Phenomenology ◽  
Environmental Scan ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Timely Access ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
New Policies ◽  
Key Informant Interview

Abstract Background In 2019 there were over 1500 opioid-related deaths in the province of Ontario, Canada. While the opioid crisis is affecting many socioeconomic groups and communities across Canada not all are being affected equally despite the presence of naloxone distribution programs in Ontario. This qualitative exploratory study seeks to understand facilitators and barriers that influence equitable access of naloxone programs in Durham Region, Ontario, Canada. Methods An environmental scan will be conducted to examine the availability and distribution of naloxone across community pharmacies and organizations in Durham Region. A qualitative descriptive phenomenology will be the methodological approach where key informant interviews will explore experiences of users and providers of naloxone programs. Key informants will include service providers and clients of both Ontario Naloxone Program and Ontario Naloxone Program for Pharmacies in Durham Region. The harm reduction framework will be used to guide data analysis where thematic analysis will be conducted to generate overarching themes about the phenomenon. Results The environmental scan will result in the creation of a map outlining availability and distribution of naloxone programs to examine possible gaps that exist in Durham Region. It is expected that key informant interview findings will help understand where inequity exists in accessing Ontario's naloxone programs in Durham Region by highlighting its barriers and facilitators. Conclusions Findings generated will be used for larger scale studies in the future examining equitable access of naloxone distribution programs in Canada. This study will have implications to provide recommendations to policymakers for developing new policies to facilitate timely access of naloxone to mitigate risk of opioid-related harms. Key messages This research will help to better understand the inequities that exist in Ontario's naloxone distribution programs. This research will help to inform recommendations to improve policies surrounding Ontario's naloxone distribution programs.

scholarly journals Aging and Women’s Sexuality

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-287
Author(s):  
Bárbara Luque Salas
Keyword(s):  
Focus Groups ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Research Team ◽  
Qualitative Difference ◽  
Feminist Research ◽  
Sexual Life ◽  
Sexual Practice ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative

We present results of our research, which has been aimed at understanding the experience, practice, and sexual life in women over 50 years of age. We studied a sample of 729 women of between 50 and 80 years of age. The research is part of qualitative feminist research methodology. Both qualitative and quantitative data have been collected through focus groups and a questionnaire drawn up by our research team. The results show the satisfaction of older women-of all ages-with their sex life and the importance of contextual and relational sexuality issues of women. Autoeroticism is the most established sexual practice in this group of older women and highlights who want to experience some changes in their current sex life around the desire for a more sensual and emotional sexuality, with a claim of more passionate and frequent relations. The data collected reveal a qualitative difference in the reality of sex over the age of 70.

Challenges of Street-Level Child Welfare Reform and Technology Transfer: The Case of Team Decisionmaking

2008 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 512-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
David S. Crampton ◽  
Thomas M. Crea ◽  
Anne Abramson-Madden ◽  
Charles L. Usher
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Child Welfare ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Welfare Reform ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
Research Team ◽  
Community Partners ◽  
Street Level ◽  
Diverse Communities ◽  
Child Welfare Reform

Team Decisionmaking (TDM) involves a meeting of community representatives, family members, and social workers who review every decision to remove children from their parents or change of placement, including reunification or adoption. Even when the leadership of child welfare organizations mandates the use of TDM, implementing TDM is very challenging. To understand these challenges, a research team visited five diverse communities and conducted 74 focus groups and interviews involving 180 administrators, caseworkers, community partners, supervisors, and TDM facilitators. This article reviews the findings of this TDM study through previous research on street-level bureaucracy and technology transfer. The results suggest successful TDM implementation requires attention to the discretion of street-level caseworkers and the organizational constraints they face.

scholarly journals Oral health inequality in people with severe mental illness: a cross-sectional study using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2016

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Kang ◽  
Jianhua Wu ◽  
Vishal Aggarwal ◽  
David Shiers ◽  
Tim Doran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
General Population ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Severe Mental Illness ◽  
Tooth Loss ◽  
List Type ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Oral Health Outcomes

AbstractOBJECTIVETo explore whether people with severe mental illness (SMI) experience worse oral health compared to the general population, and the risk factors for poor oral health in people with SMI.METHODThis study used cross-sectional data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999-2016) including on self-rated oral health, ache in mouth, tooth loss, periodontitis stage, and number of decayed, missing, and filled teeth. Candidate risk factors for poor oral health included demographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, physical health comorbidities, and dental hygiene behaviours. The authors used ordinal logistic regression and zero-inflated negative binomial models to explore predictors of oral health outcomes.RESULTS53,348 cases were included in the analysis, including 718 people with SMI. In the fully adjusted model, people with SMI were more likely to suffer from tooth loss (OR 1.40, 95% CI: 1.12-1.75). In people with SMI, the risk factors identified for poor oral health outcomes were older age, white ethnicity, lower income, smoking history, and diabetes. Engaging in physical activity and daily use of dental floss were associated with better oral health outcomes.CONCLUSIONSPeople with SMI experience higher rates of tooth loss than the general population, and certain subgroups are particularly at risk. Having a healthy lifestyle such as performing regular physical exercise and flossing may lower the risk of poor oral health. These findings suggest opportunities for targeted prevention and early intervention strategies to mitigate adverse oral health outcomes.Significant outcomes (x3)People with severe mental illness were at 40% higher risk of tooth loss when compared to the general population.Older adults, smokers and people with diabetes were at particularly high risk of poor oral health.Physical exercise and daily use of dental floss were associated with better oral health outcomes.Limitations (x3)The number of cases with data on periodontal disease was limited.The study was cross-sectional so causation could not be inferred.The analysis used prescriptions of antipsychotic and mood stabilising medication as a proxy measure of severe mental illness, as clinical diagnoses were not available in the dataset.Data availability statementThe NHANES 1999-2016 data is available at CDC website: https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhanes/index.htm, and is accessible and free to download for everyone.

scholarly journals Frameworks and inequalities in healthcare: some applications

2021 ◽  
pp. 115-120
Author(s):  
Pietro Renzi ◽  
Alberto Franci
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Social Determinants Of Health ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Determinants Of Health ◽  
Health Determinants ◽  
Quadrant Analysis ◽  
Inequality Measures ◽  
Health Objectives

Background Social determinants of health (SDOH) have increasingly entered health policy conversations as a growing body of researches, reveal the direct relationship between social determinants and health outcome. In fact, the recent literature is moving from the traditional model that focus on how health affects economic status, to a new view that economic status affects health. Objectives To investigate the principal conceptual frameworks for action on social determinants of health. Another aim is to contribute on the ongoing discourse on feasible measures which could be used to alert regions to inequalities in the distribution of health. Methodology, Italian data are used as a demonstration. Quadrant charts illustrate associations between how much regions spend on health and how effectively health system functions. The relevant inequality measures are used to rank health inequalities. Main results Frameworks have been presented to help communities, health professionals and others begin to better understand and address a variety of factors that affects health. Quadrant analysis technique shows the extent to which spending more on health, translates into better health outcomes, higher quality of care and improve access to care across the Italian regions, whilst also recognition the importance of major risk factors. Conclusions The social inequalities in health and what this means for how we understand and reduce them, as not to date been compressively examined empirically. There is an urgent need to expand our knowledge with comparable data on health determinants and more refined health outcomes. Furthermore, there is a need for feasible inequality measures in the health information systems. The measures used in this study, provide a step to inform and guide the uptake of equity-sensitive policies.

scholarly journals Prediction of childhood brain outcomes in infants born preterm using neonatal MRI and concurrent clinical biomarkers (PREBO-6): study protocol for a prospective cohort study

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. e036480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne M George ◽  
Alex M Pagnozzi ◽  
Samudragupta Bora ◽  
Roslyn N Boyd ◽  
Paul B Colditz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Trial Registration ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
List Type ◽  
Neonatal Mri

IntroductionInfants born very preterm are at risk of adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes, including cognitive deficits, motor impairments and cerebral palsy. Earlier identification enables targeted early interventions to be implemented with the aim of improving outcomes.Methods and analysisProtocol for 6-year follow-up of two cohorts of infants born <31 weeks gestational age (PPREMO: Prediction of Preterm Motor Outcomes; PREBO: Prediction of Preterm Brain Outcomes) and a small term-born reference sample in Brisbane, Australia. Both preterm cohorts underwent very early MRI and concurrent clinical assessment at 32 and 40 weeks postmenstrual age (PMA) and were followed up at 3, 12 and 24 months corrected age (CA). This study will perform MRI and electroencephalography (EEG). Primary outcomes include the Movement Assessment Battery for Children second edition and Full-Scale IQ score from the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children fifth edition (WISC-V). Secondary outcomes include the Gross Motor Function Classification System for children with cerebral palsy; executive function (Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function second edition, WISC-V Digit Span and Picture Span, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test 64 Card Version); attention (Test of Everyday Attention for Children second edition); language (Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals fifth edition), academic achievement (Woodcock Johnson IV Tests of Achievement); mental health and quality of life (Development and Well-Being Assessment, Autism Spectrum Quotient-10 Items Child version and Child Health Utility-9D).AimsExamine the ability of early neonatal MRI, EEG and concurrent clinical measures at 32 weeks PMA to predict motor, cognitive, language, academic achievement and mental health outcomes at 6 years CA.Determine if early brain abnormalities persist and are evident on brain MRI at 6 years CA and the relationship to EEG and concurrent motor, cognitive, language, academic achievement and mental health outcomes.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval has been obtained from Human Research Ethics Committees at Children’s Health Queensland (HREC/19/QCHQ/49800) and The University of Queensland (2019000426). Study findings will be presented at national and international conferences and published in peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberACTRN12619000155190p.Web address of trialhttp://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?ACTRN=12619000155190p

scholarly journals Patients’ Understanding of Oncology Clinical Endpoints: Environmental Scan and Focus Groups

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 1060-1066
Author(s):  
Helen W. Sullivan ◽  
Amie C. O'Donoghue ◽  
Kate Ferriola‐Bruckenstein ◽  
Janice P. Tzeng ◽  
Vanessa Boudewyns
Keyword(s):  
Focus Groups ◽  
Environmental Scan ◽  
Clinical Endpoints

Measuring the Impact of Burn Injury on the Parent-Reported Health Outcomes of Children 1 to 5 Years: A Conceptual Framework for Development of the Preschool Life Impact Burn Recovery Evaluation Profile CAT

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-94
Author(s):  
Keri J S Brady ◽  
Gabrielle G Grant ◽  
Frederick J Stoddard ◽  
Walter J Meyer ◽  
Kathleen S Romanowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Child Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Burn Injury ◽  
National Research Council ◽  
World Health ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Preschool Aged Children

AbstractDue to the rapid developmental growth in preschool-aged children, more precise measurement of the effects of burns on child health outcomes is needed. Expanding upon the Shriners Hospitals for Children/American Burn Association Burn Outcome Questionnaire 0 to 5 (BOQ0–5), we developed a conceptual framework describing domains important in assessing recovery from burn injury among preschool-aged children (1–5 years). We developed a working conceptual framework based on the BOQ0–5, the National Research Council and Institute of Medicine’s Model of Child Health, and the World Health Organization’s International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health for Children and Youth. We iteratively refined our framework based on a literature review, focus groups, interviews, and expert consensus meetings. Data were qualitatively analyzed using methods informed by grounded theory. We reviewed 95 pediatric assessments, conducted two clinician focus groups and six parent interviews, and consulted with 23 clinician experts. Three child health outcome domains emerged from our analysis: symptoms, functioning, and family. The symptoms domain describes parents’ perceptions of their child’s pain, skin-related discomfort, and fatigue. The functioning domain describes children’s physical functioning (gross and fine motor function), psychological functioning (internalizing, externalizing, and dysregulation behavior; trauma; toileting; resilience), communication and language development (receiving and producing meaning), and social functioning (connecting with family/peers, friendships, and play). The family domain describes family psychological and routine functioning outcomes.

scholarly journals Measuring Health Vulnerability: An Interdisciplinary Indicator Applied to Mainland Portugal

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (21) ◽  
pp. 4121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliveira ◽  
Vidal ◽  
Ferraz ◽  
Cabeda ◽  
Pontes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Progress Monitoring ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Composite Index ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
Health Determinants ◽  
Life Conditions ◽  
Mainland Portugal ◽  
Health Vulnerability

Health promotion and inequality reduction are specific goals of the United Nations 2030 Agenda, which are interconnected with several dimensions of life. This work proposes a composite index SEHVI—socioeconomic health vulnerability index—to address Portuguese population socioeconomic determinants that affect health outcomes. Variables composing SEHVI are aligned with the sustainable development goals considering data and times series availability to enable progress monitoring, and variables adequacy to translate populations’ life conditions affecting health outcomes. Data for 35 variables and three periods were collected from official national databases. All variables are part of one of the groups: Health determinants (social, economic, cultural, and environmental factors) and health outcomes (mortality indicators). Variables were standardized and normalized by “Distance to a reference” method and then aggregated into the SEHVI formula. Several statistical procedures for validation of SEHVI revealed the internal consistency of the index. For all municipalities, SEHVI was calculated and cartographically represented. Results were analyzed by statistical tests and compared for three years and territory typologies. SEHVI differences were found as a function of population density, suggesting inequalities of communities’ life conditions and in vulnerability to health.

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