The Emergence of Democracy: Forces and Counter-forces

2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 336-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk Berg-Schlosser
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Democratic Values ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Broad Overview

Capitalism and democracy have transformed the world, but not in a harmonious way. This article provides a broad overview of the major driving forces of democracy, its relationship with ongoing socioeconomic developments and some of the countervailing factors. It points to the inherently conflictive nature of democratic procedures and decision-making, but also emphasizes the potentially universal implications of basic democratic values. Against this background, the future prospects of democracy and possible alternatives in the age of globalization are assessed. All this is based, as far as space permits, on the huge body of available theoretical and empirical literature, but also on the author’s long-term preoccupation with this topic and some of his personal views and experiences.

scholarly journals Islamophobia The New Dimensions In 21st Century

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Rani Erum
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Present State ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Human Psychology ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Unique Approach ◽  
The Common ◽  
Harmful Effects

Anti-Muslim emotions are not new for the world. It was present since the rise of Islam. West was furious after facing Muslims in battle ground and constantly defeated by those who were less equipped but obtained high morals. Initially they were frightened due to the novelty and unique approach of faith and its execution, therefore, they try to fabricate the original manuscripts, making false stories and molesting the last prophet’s life history. Islamophobia transformed after 9/11 and become more intensified and dangerous. It effected the common men worldwide without any boundaries. The respective research is based on the fact that hatred is the negative notion whether it related with nobility or wicked perception. It creates harmful effects on human psychology which subsequently created abusive mindset and actions. When any form of ideology identified as phobia means uncontrolled envy combine with the concept and turn it into a form of frenzied connotation. The fight between East and West was ancient which now convert among religions particularly Islam and others. The research is intend to provide the journey of anti-Islamism from past to present as well its significant elements and its present state. It also discusses the future prospects of clash of religions.  

scholarly journals Is our perception of the spread of COVID-19 inherently inaccurate?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Maier
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
Logarithmic Function ◽  
Original Formulation ◽  
Global Crisis ◽  
New Information ◽  
The World ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
The Future ◽  
Linear Nature

One of the most fundamental insights into the nature of our subjective perception of the world around us is that it is not veridical. In other words, we tend to not perceive information about the world around us accurately. Instead, our brains interpret new information through a host of innate and learned mechanisms that can introduce bias and distortions One of the best studied mechanisms that guide – and distort – our perception is the psychophysical Weber-Fechner law. According to this empirically derived, mathematically formulated law we tend to put more emphasis on smaller deviations in size while underestimating larger changes. The original formulation of the Weber-Fechner law takes the shape of a logarithmic function and is commonly applied to somatosensory perception such as the weight of an object. However, later work showed that the Weber-Fechner law can be generalized and describe a large variety of perceived changes in magnitude that even go beyond the sensory domain. Here we investigate the hypothesis that our perception of data associated with the spread of COVID-19 and similar pandemics is governed by the same psychophysical laws. Based on several recently published studies, we demonstrate that the Weber-Fechner law can be shown to directly affect the decision-making of officials in response to this global crisis as well as the greater public at large. We discuss how heightened awareness of the non-linear nature of subjective perception could help alleviate problematic judgements in similar situations in the future.

NUSANTARA PRA ISLAM: Prediksi Masa Depan Islam di Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (01) ◽  
pp. 87-108
Author(s):  
Santosa Santosa
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Economics Education ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Great Opportunity ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
To Come ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Historical Flow

Looking at the historical flow of Islamic development in Indonesia as such, the author took an analysis that the future prospects of Islam in Indonesia have a great opportunity to continue to develop, be it in the fields of politics, economics, education, social, and culture. This can be seen from the history of Islam in Indonesia that continues to develop until now, this is the early stage of the emergence of awareness of the Indonesian nation of the importance of planting religious values in Indonesian society so that the Indonesian nation can meet the future not only with science and technology but also in the balance by IMTAQ.  The era of globalization in the 21st century that has begun at this time, Islam in Indonesia has apparently exerted a huge influence on the advancement of Islam in the world. Although the existence of Islam today is really faced with a fairly severe challenge that requires the involvement of various parties concerned. With regard to this, strategic efforts need to be made, among others: by providing knowledge, skills, and piety in all fields (religious, political, economic, social, cultural, educational) so as to give birth to creative, innovative, independent and productive people considering the world to come is a competitive world. Keywords: Islam, The Future, Indonesia

Nanotechnology and Its Applications in Forensic and Criminal Cases

2015 ◽  
pp. 552-564
Author(s):  
Gulnaz T. Javan
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Science ◽  
The Other ◽  
Good News ◽  
Medical Applications ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Forensic Tools ◽  
Richard Feynman

When Dr. Richard Feynman first gave the good news in 1959 that nanotechnology was on its way to change or perhaps transform the world of technology, many people might have considered his concepts too futuristic to be realized. Criminals, on the other hand, would not have known how effective nanotechnological tools would become in solving crimes in a few decades. Among some of the medical applications of the technology are drug production, diagnostics, and production of medical as well as forensic tools and devices. Forensic science can be described as the sum of scientific tests or techniques used in the investigation of crimes. This chapter is, therefore, aimed at introducing and discussing nanotechnology as applied in forensic science along with instrumentation used in performing nano-analysis. The future prospects of the technology as employed in forensic science and toxicity of nanomaterials are also dealt with in this chapter.

The Evolving Knowledge Cities

2014 ◽  
pp. 114-129
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ayub Khan
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Institutions Of Higher Education ◽  
Academic Institutions ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Potential Benefits

This chapter discusses the emerging models of knowledge cities in many countries of the world and the potential challenges posed by them for the existing as well as the future academic institutions of higher education (universities) in those countries in particular and in the in world in general. Specifically, this chapter is dedicated to the study of various issues and themes that concern the evolving knowledge cities such as the long-term and short-term objectives behind the establishment of knowledge cities and their potential benefits (i.e., social, economic, financial, environmental, and knowledge) for their societies. The chapter concludes that the development of knowledge cities are beneficial for all stakeholders including the academic institutions of higher education that directly or indirectly associated with such programs.

Getting to the Future

2021 ◽  
pp. 109-128
Author(s):  
Michael K. MacKenzie
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
The Political ◽  
Collective Decision Making ◽  
Political Dynamics ◽  
The Future ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Electoral Cycles ◽  
Shared Futures ◽  
Deliberative Processes

This chapter makes three arguments in support of the claim that we need inclusive deliberative processes to shape the future in collectively intentional, mutually accommodating ways. First, inclusive collective decision-making processes are needed to avoid futures that favour the interests of some groups of people over others. Second, deliberative processes are needed to shape our shared futures in collectively intentional ways: we need to be able to talk to ourselves about what we are doing and where we want to get to in the future. Third, deliberative exchanges are needed to help collectivities avoid the policy oscillations that are (or may be) associated with the political dynamics of short electoral cycles. Effective processes of reciprocal reason giving can help collectivities maintain policy continuity over the long term—when continuity is justified—even as governments and generations change.

scholarly journals THE FUTURE ME, RETIREE: USING THE FUTURE SELF TO ENHANCE LONG-TERM FINANCIAL DECISION MAKING

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 693-693
Author(s):  
P Lemaster ◽  
A Faber ◽  
K Fernholz ◽  
K Finch ◽  
E Kransvik
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Financial Decision Making ◽  
The Future ◽  
Financial Decision ◽  
Future Self

Technology Evolution Modeling and Decision Making Under Uncertainty

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan L. Arendt ◽  
Daniel A. McAdams ◽  
Richard J. Malak
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Modeling Technique ◽  
Technology Evolution ◽  
The Future ◽  
S Curve ◽  
Evolution Modeling

Design is an uncertain human activity involving decisions with uncertain outcomes. Sources of uncertainty in product design include uncertainty in modeling methods, market preferences, and performance levels of subsystem technologies, among many others. The performance of a technology evolves over time, typically exhibiting improving performance. As the performance of a technology in the future is uncertain, quantifying the evolution of these technologies poses a challenge in making long-term design decisions. Here, we focus on how to make decisions using formal models of technology evolution. The scenario of a wind turbine energy company deciding which technology to invest in demonstrates a new technology evolution modeling technique and decision making method. The design of wind turbine arrays is a complex problem involving decisions such as location and turbine model selection. Wind turbines, like many other technologies, are currently evolving as the research and development efforts push the performance limits. In this research, the development of technology performance is modeled as an S-curve; slowly at first, quickly during heavy research and development effort, and slowly again as the performance approaches its limits. The S-curve model typically represents the evolution of just one performance attribute, but designers generally deal with problems involving multiple important attributes. Pareto frontiers representing the set of optimal solutions that the decision maker can select from at any point in time allow for modeling the evolution of technologies with multiple attributes. As the performance of a technology develops, the Pareto frontier shifts to a new location. The assumed S-curve form of technology development allows the designer to apply the uncertainty of technology development directly to the S-curve evolution model rather than applying the uncertainty to the future performance, giving a more focused application of uncertainty in the problem. The multi-attribute technology evolution modeling technique applied in decision-making gives designers greater insight when making long-term decisions involving technologies that evolve.

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