scholarly journals Effect of feeding diets containing a probiotic or antibiotic on broiler performance, intestinal mucosa-associated avian pathogenic E. coli and litter water-soluble phosphorus

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Amerah ◽  
C. Jansen van Rensburg ◽  
P. W. Plumstead ◽  
C. Kromm ◽  
S. Dunham
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Probiotic Supplementation ◽  
Broiler Performance ◽  
Soluble Phosphorus ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Feeding Diets

SummaryThe aim of the present experiment was to examine the influence of feeding diets containing a probiotic containing three Bacillus subtilis strains or zinc bacitracin (BMD) on bird performance, intestinal mucosa-associated avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC), intestinal morphology and litter water-soluble phosphorus (WSP) of broilers fed corn-based diets. Three treatments were employed, either a control diet; the control diet supplemented with probiotic at 7.5 × 104 colony forming units (cfu) /g of feed or the supplemented with BMD (50g/tonne feed). Broiler starter and finisher diets, based on corn and soybean meal, were formulated and fed ad libitum to seven pens of 50 male broilers per treatment from days 1 to 42. During the 1-35 d periods, feed intake and weight gain were not influenced (P > 0.05) by dietary treatments, but probiotic supplementation improved (P < 0.05) 35-d FCR compared to the control and BMD-supplemented diets (1.395, 1.447 and 1.484, respectively). During the 1-42d period, feed intake and weight gain were not influenced (P > 0.05) by dietary treatments. However, probiotic improved (P = 0.05) and BMD tended (P = 0.07) to improve FCR compared to control diet. Villus height and crypt depth in the duodenum and jejunum were not influenced (P > 0.05) by dietary treatment. The number of mucosa-associated APEC was not influenced (P > 0.05) by dietary treatments. Probiotic and BMD supplementation had no effect (P > 0.05) on litter total phosphorus. However, BMD reduced (P < 0.05) litter WSP compared to control and probiotic supplemented diet. In conclusion, probiotic supplementation had no effect on intestinal morphology or WSP but improved broiler performance and can be used as an alternative to antibiotic growth promoters.

scholarly journals Intestinal morphology and growth performance of the Indonesian indigenous crossbred chickens supplemented with formic acid and Saccharomyces cerevisiae

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 348-355
Author(s):  
S. N. Erya ◽  
H. I. Wahyuni ◽  
T. Yudiarti ◽  
E. Widiastuti ◽  
S. Sugiharto
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Intestinal Ecology

The study investigated gut ecology and morphology of the Indonesian indigenous crossbred chickens (IICC) supplemented with the combination of formic acid and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Two hundreds day-old IICC were distributed to T0 (control diet), T1 (T0 + 0.2% formic acid), T2 (T0 + 0.3% S. cerevisiae), T3 (T0 + 0.2% formic acid and 0.3% S. cerevisiae). Excreta was collected at week 8, while intestinal ecology and morphology were determined at week 9. In duodenum, T3 chicks showed higher and wider (P<0.05) villi. The T2 and T3 chicks showed deeper (P<0.05) crypt than that of T0. The jejunal villi was higher (P<0.05) in T3 than in T0. The T3 chicks had deeper (P<0.05) crypt compared to other groups. In ileum, the villi height was lowest (P<0.05) in T0. The crypt was deeper (P<0.05) in T3 than in other. Crude protein digestibility coefficient was highest (P<0.05), while fecal protein was loswest (P<0.05) in T1 than in other groups. Compared to T0, the treated IICC showed higher (P<0.05) weight gain and feed intake with T3 had the highest gain and intake but gain:feed rasio was the lowest (P>0.05). IIn conclusion, the inclusion of formic acid and S. cerevisiae in diets improved intestinal ecology and morphology. The IICC chickens fed with formic acid and S. cerevisiae exhibited improved growth performance and nutrient digestibility. 

scholarly journals Effect of replacing maize with graded levels of sweet potato vine – cassava composite meal on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, carcass characteristics and economics of production of weaned rabbits

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-123
Author(s):  
D. T. Shaahu ◽  
S. M. Tiough
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Potato Vine ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Sweet Potato Vine

The study was carried out to determine the feed value of replacing maize with graded levels of sweet potato vine – cassava composite meal (SPV-CCM) to rabbits. Five treatment diets were formulated to contain SPV-CCM inclusion levels of 0% (control), 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%. Thirty weaned rabbits of mixed breeds and sexes were used for the experiment. They were randomly allocated to five dietary treatments with one rabbit as a replicate in a completely randomized design. Feed and water were provided ad libitum. Parameters measured were that of growth, digestibility, carcass and economics of production. The result showed that there was no significant (P>0.05) difference effect on final weight, total weight gain, daily weight gain and feed conversion ratio across the dietary treatments. There was no significant (P>0.05) difference on crude protein digestibility, crude fibre and ether extract which were within the required values for rabbit. There was no significant (P>0.05) difference on live weight at slaughter, dressing percentage, heart, liver, kidney, lungs/trachea, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, caecum, large intestine and visceral fat, there was however, a significant (P<0.05) difference in dressed weight, pancreases, spleen and kidney fat. A high cost of feeding, cost per kilogram diet and production was recorded in T and low cost of feeding, cost per kilogram diet and production in T . The result showed that 1 5 maize could be replaced by SPV-CCM up to 100% without any adverse effect on their performance, nutrient digestibility and carcass characteristics. However, the optimum performance was observed when 75% SPV-CCM replaced maize in the diet. Replacement of maize with SPV-CCM has relative cost advantage over the control diet and so should be incorporated in the diet of rabbit up to the level considered in this study. 

scholarly journals Effect of raw and cooked mucuna seed meal based diets on the performance, nutrient digestibility and haematology of weaned rabbits

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-215
Author(s):  
A. A. Taiwo ◽  
A. D. Adejuyigbe ◽  
E. O. Talabi ◽  
G. Okumakuma ◽  
E. A. Adebowale
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Seed Meal ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Dietary Treatments

A study was conducted for eight weeks to determine the effects of raw and cooked mucuna seed meal (MSM) based diets on the performance and haematological characteristics of cross-bred weaned rabbits. Three experimental diets were formulated to contain: 0% MSM (control diet A), X raw MSM (diet B) and 20% cooked MSM (diet C). Twelve cross-bred weaned rabbits with mean initial live-weight of about 550 g were randomly assigned to three dietary treatments. The experimental design was completely randomized arrangement. The feed intakes (115.12, 114.44, 116.15g/day) and weight gains (17.19, 12.72, 14.28g/day) for diets A, B and C respectively were similar (P>0.05) for the three treatments. Rabbits fed the control diet A had the best (P<0.05) feed conversion ratio (6.68). The packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin (HB), red blood cell (RBC) and white blood cell (WBC) values obtained for the three treatments were not statistically different (P>0.05) from one another. The HB, RBC, WBC values of rabbits fed on 20% cooked MSM based diet had comparable values to those on the control diet. Based on the weight gain and the haematology, 20% cooked mucuna seed meal can be included in the diet of weaned rabbits.

scholarly journals Effects of probiotic dietary supplementation on diarrhoea patterns, faecal microbiota and performance of early weaned calves

2010 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 494-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Jatkauskas ◽  
V. Vrotniakiene
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Enterococcus Faecium ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Probiotic Supplementation ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Probiotic Product

Twenty Lithuanian Black-and-White calves (10 bulls, 10 heifers) were used to evaluate the effects of the supplemental probiotic product, Enterococcus faecium M74 (2.4 g/day/calve), added to fresh milk and skimmed milk in a 56 day-study. The probiotic was administered by dietary supplementation to first group of calves and their respective pens (probiotic group), whereas the second group (control group) received no probiotic supplementation. The results of this trial indicate positive effects of the probiotic product Enterococcus faecium M74. The actual percentage of calves with diarrhoea was reduced from 50 % to 20% among the calves fed the pre-and probiotic diet. Probiotic supplementation reduced the faecal count of clostridia and enterococci. The calves fed Enterococcus faecium M74 weighed more at 20, 40 and 62 days of age by 4.9%, by 9.7% (P &lt; 0.05) and by 9.4% (P &lt; 0.01), respectively, than the control calves. The calves fed Enterococcus faecium M74 had increased daily weight gains compared with the calves not fed a probiotic product. The average weight gain and the daily weight gain of the probiotic-supplemented calves were by 7.8 kg (P &lt; 0.01) and by 0.14 kg higher (P &lt; 0.01) compared with the control calves. The calves given the Enterococcus faecium M74 also had forage and total DM intakes that were numerically higher than those fed the control diet, without any additive. During the 56 days experimental period, the average feed conversion rate was improved by 12.9% in the probiotic-treated group.

EFFECT OF FEEDING DIETS CONTAINING DEOXYNIVALENOL (VOMITOXIN)-CONTAMINATED WHEAT OR CORN ON THE FEED CONSUMPTION, WEIGHT GAIN, ORGAN WEIGHT AND SEXUAL DEVELOPMENT OF MALE AND FEMALE PIGS

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 765-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. FRIEND ◽  
H. L. TRENHOLM ◽  
P. S. FISER ◽  
K. E. HARTIN ◽  
B. K. THOMPSON
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Sexual Development ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Mucosal Inflammation ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Yorkshire Pigs ◽  
Feeding Diets ◽  
Effect Of Feeding ◽  
Better Than

Diets containing clean wheat, deoxynivalenol-contaminated wheat and Fusarium-inoculated corn were fed to 23-kg boars and gilts. Twelve Yorkshire pigs were fed the control diet (CW) and 18 each the contaminated-wheat (VW) and the inoculated corn (IC) diets (3.7 and 4.2 mg deoxynivalenol kg−1 respectively) for a 7-wk period, at which time each pig was necropsied. The diets caused a 23–29% reduction in feed consumption with considerable variation among pigs within diets. The VW pigs gained 30% less and the IC pigs 72% less weight than the controls. Differences in performance between boars and gilts were not significant (P > 0.05). Weights of the major body organs at necropsy followed the pattern set by body weights, i.e. CW > VW > IC (except the stomach and uterus), but this relationship did not remain when organ weights were expressed relative to body weight. Dietary differences (P < 0.01) were shown for the fundic region necropsy scores in which the IC diet caused less fundic mucosal inflammation than either of the other two diets, and in the esophageal region where the VW and IC diets seemed to have maintained the integrity of the mucosa better than the control diet. Histological examination of testis (seminiferous epithelium) and ovary (follicle) tissue revealed no significant differences in sexual development attributable to diet. The marked effect of the IC diet on feed intake and weight gain suggests the presence of another metabolite which adversely affected weight gains. Key words: Deoxynivalenol, vomitoxin, feeding, pigs, sex

Performance of broiler chicks fed on two insect based-diets in South East Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 263-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.I. Amobi ◽  
C.I. Ebenebe
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Poultry Feed ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Linear Body

The performance of broiler chicks fed on two common species of edible insects: African palm larva (Rhynchophorus phoenicis) and winged termite (Macrotermes bellicosus) in south east, Nigeria were studied using 135 day old Arbor acre birds. Three dietary treatments (T1, T2 and T3) representing Diet A (control: vital feed based fishmeal), Diet B (African palm larvae meal; APLM), and Diet C (containing winged termite meal; WTM), respectively, were used. T1 comprised of a standard feed of brand name ‘vital feed’ containing fishmeal which served as control while T2 and T3 both had insect meal: APLM and WTM, respectively, in place of fishmeal. Forty five broiler chicks were randomly assigned to each of the three dietary treatments at the rate of fifteen chicks per replicate and three replicates per treatment in a completely randomised design. The experiment lasted for eight weeks. During this period, the birds were subjected to similar husbandry and sanitation practices. Weekly record of feed intake, weight gain and linear body measurements were taken. Data obtained were subjected to ANOVA appropriate for completely randomised design and the differences between means were separated using least significant differences. The result showed that chicks fed with control diet based fishmeal (Diet A) had the highest feed intake compared to those fed Diet B and Diet C. Broiler chicks on Diet B however had the highest records in all performance indices (weight gain, feed efficiency ratio, specific growth rate, protein efficiency ratio and linear body measurements) investigated followed by Diet C and lastly Diet A. The study therefore recommends the use of insect meal for complete or partial replacement of fishmeal in poultry feed formulation.

NUTRIENT INTAKE, GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND CARCASS YIELD OF WEANER RABBITS FED GRADED LEVELS OF DRIED CITRUS (C. sinensis) PULP

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-68
Author(s):  
O. O ONI ◽  
O. M.O, IDOWU ◽  
J. A. OLANITE ◽  
A. M. BAMGBOSE
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Carcass Yield ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Total Weight Gain ◽  
Dietary Treatments

A study was conducted to investigate the response of weaner rabbits to graded dietary replacement of wheat offal with dried citrus pulp (DCP) at 0, 10, 20 and 30% (weight/weight) respectively .A total of Sixty-four, male and female weaner rabbits of 56 days old, were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments with sixteen rabbits each and consisting of four rabbits per replicate in a completely ran- domized design. The study lasted for 112 days during which data was obtained on nutrient intake, performance characteristics and carcass yield. The crude protein intake of the rabbits decreased (P<0.05) significantly as the DCP inclusion in the diets increased. There were significant (P<0.01) differences in the values obtained for the final weight, total weight gain, average weight gain, meta- bolic weight gain and growth rate across the treatment groups. The growth rate was 10.29 g/d in the control fed rabbits but further decreased with increasing level of DCP in the diets with values of 11.29, 6.30 and 5.80g/d obtained respectively for rabbit fed with 10%, 20%, and 30% DCP inclusion level. The lowest feed conversion ratio was obtained at the 0% level of DCP inclusion. The retail cut parts indicated a significant (P<0.05) difference in the values for rack and ranged from 11.92 to 18.06g. It was concluded that although, rabbits fed with control diet had the highest overall performance, 10% dietary inclusion of DCP supported improved growth and better carcass yield.

Degradation and excretion of the Fusarium toxin deoxynivalenol by an edible insect, the Yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor L.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Van Broekhoven ◽  
J. Mota Gutierrez ◽  
T.C. De Rijk ◽  
W.C.M. De Nijs ◽  
J.J.A. Van Loon
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Wheat Flour ◽  
Enzymatic Degradation ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Tenebrio Molitor ◽  
Larval Survival ◽  
Edible Insect ◽  
Fusarium Toxin ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
By Products

Insects could provide an alternative and more sustainable source of animal protein compared to conventional livestock. Yellow mealworms (Tenebrio molitor L.) can be grown on diets composed of organic by-products. However, these diets could be contaminated with mycotoxins. Thus far, little is known about possible retention, sequestration, excretion or detoxification of mycotoxins by edible insects. T. molitor larvae were grown on wheat flour naturally contaminated with mycotoxins among which deoxynivalenol (DON) was predominant (4.9 mg/kg), wheat flour spiked with 8 mg/kg pure DON, and uncontaminated wheat flour. Larval survival and weight gain on the three diets were compared. Survival was high for larvae on all dietary treatments (>98%) and no difference in weight gain was observed when comparing larvae grown on uncontaminated control diet with larvae grown on contaminated diets (P=0.091). Presence of mycotoxins in larvae and larval faeces was analysed using LC-MS/MS. No DON or DON-derivatives were detected in T. molitor after harvest of the larvae, pointing to degradation by the larvae. Excretion of DON in larval faeces was ca. 14% of the amount of DON ingested for larvae grown on naturally contaminated diet and ca. 41% for larvae grown on DON-spiked diet. These are promising results with respect to food safety of mealworms or derived products grown on mycotoxin-contaminated feed. However, enzymatic degradation of DON in T. molitor, as well as possible toxicity of the resulting metabolites, remain to be further investigated.

Evaluation of naked oat (Avena nuda) in the broiler chicken diet

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 393-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. Cave ◽  
V. D. Burrows
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Broiler Performance ◽  
Naked Oat ◽  
Avena Nuda ◽  
Grower Diet ◽  
Better Than

Broiler chickens were fed starter diets containing 0, 250 or 500 g kg−1 naked oat and, from 29 to 40 d of age, grower diets with 0, 250, 500 or 750 g kg−1 naked oat. All diets included an enteric antibiotic and water-miscible forms of vitamins A, D, E and K. Broiler performance, as evaluated by weight gain and feed:gain ratio, was as good as or better than the corn-soy control diet with up to 500 g kg−1 naked oat in the starter diets. A starter-by-grower diet interaction showed that weight gain was independent of oat level in the grower diet of birds previously fed naked oat, but gain was impaired by higher levels of oat following an oat-free starter diet. Carcass quality improved with increasing oat level in the starter diet by a decrease in abdominal fat and a decrease in oxidation of thigh meat lipids. Key words: Oat (naked), growth, carcass fat, broiler chicken

scholarly journals Xylanase in diets for growing pigs and broiler chicks

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. A. Olukosi ◽  
M. R. Bedford ◽  
O. Adeola
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Age Effects ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Effect On Growth

Experiments designed to determine the effects of feeding graded levels of xylanase to 10-kg pigs (exp. 1) and 1-d old broiler chicks (exp. 2) are presented. Pigs received diet composed of corn, rye, wheat, and SBM for 28 d, whereas chickens were fed diet composed of rye, wheat, and SBM for 21 d. Six dietary treatments consisting of a control diet or control plus xylanase (in units kg-1) at 400, 800, 1600, 3200 or 32 000 were fed. Graded levels of xylanase had no effect on growth performance of 10-kg pigs. There were diet and age effects (P < 0.05) on digestibility of DM, CP, and Ca in pigs. Linear and quadratic responses (P < 0.05) in final weight, weight gain, and gain:feed of broiler chicks to graded levels of xylanase were observed in exp. 2. In exp. 2, the effect of xylanase became apparent (P < 0.05) at 800 U kg-1; there were no differences in response to xylanase at 3200 and 32 000 U kg-1. In conclusion, xylanase improved growth performance in 1-d-old broilers fed a diet composed of rye, wheat, and SBM but not in 10-kg pigs that received a diet composed of corn, rye, wheat, and SBM. Key words: Broiler chicks, non-starch polysaccharides, pigs, xylanase

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document