Performing excess: urban ceremony and the semiotics of precarity in Guinea-Conakry

Africa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 718-738
Author(s):  
Adrienne J. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Capital City ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
State Socialism ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Neoliberal Reform ◽  
Republic Of Guinea ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Republic ◽  
National Borders

AbstractIn Conakry, the capital city of the Republic of Guinea, dance ceremonies called sabars, derived from a Senegalese genre of the same name, have become extremely popular for wedding celebrations. Sabar's rise in Guinea coincided with the liberalization of the country's economy and the opening of national borders in the wake of state socialism (1958–84) – events that have produced profound uncertainty for average citizens. This article explores sabar as a practice that grapples affectively with the social and economic changes neoliberal reform has engendered within Guinea. Sabar ceremonies are characterized by instantiations of excess, including hypersexualized dancing, electric amplification and theatrical displays of opulence. By examining excess as an ‘emergent’ quality whose cultural value is undetermined, the article demonstrates how dancers participate in the active constitution and questioning of collective value in Conakry, and how embodiment is central to an anthropology of precarity.

scholarly journals GAMBARAN PENDIDIKAN LANJUT USIA KOMPLEK PERUMAHAN CENDANA KELURAHAN ANDALAS KECAMATAN PADANG TIMUR DALAM MEWUJUDKAN KESEJAHTERAAN SOSIAL

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-74
Author(s):  
Murlis Murlis
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
Government Regulation ◽  
Active Role ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Value System ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government

The social welfare of the elderly is an action as an effort to fulfill the needs of the community, especially the elderly who are unable to carry out their social functions, namely by providing assistance and sponsorship services. Thus, it is hoped that the elderly can improve their welfare so that they can live properly. According to Government Regulation Number 43 of 2004, what is meant by efforts to improve the social welfare of the elderly is a series of activities carried out in a coordinated manner between the government and the community to empower the elderly so that the elderly can continue to carry out their social functions and play an active role naturally in the life of the community, nation and state. Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 13 of 1998 concerning the Welfare of the Elderly states that efforts to improve the social welfare of the elderly are carried out on the basis of faith and devotion to God Almighty. Efforts to improve social welfare are aimed at extending the life expectancy and productive period, creating independence and welfare, maintaining the cultural value system and kinship of the Indonesian nation, and getting closer to God Almighty.

scholarly journals The Political and Economic Origins of the Roman Revolution

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-245
Author(s):  
Roman Lapyrenok
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Public Land ◽  
First Episode ◽  
The Political ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Agrarian Question ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Republic

The paper considers some economic and legal aspects of the struggle for the public land in Late Republican Rome. This period is one of the most controversial in ancient history; it brought many significant changes to the socio-economic and political life of Rome and contributed much to its transformation from Republic to Principate. Nevertheless, there is no special paper examining the competition between the Romans and Italians for the ager publicus populi Romani which started with the agrarian reform of Tiberius Gracchus in modern historiography. The first episode ended after the enactment in 111 B.C. of the lex agraria, when a large amount of public land was brought into private hands by its Roman possessors. A further part of the ager publicus populi Romani was still public and remained in hands of the socii. The logic of historical process, the economic changes of the second century B.C. which led Rome from Republic to Principate, demanded the formation of a new class of landowners. The latter would be the basis of the political system of the Roman Empire instead of the nobilitas; its political power would be based on private ownership of land. This was impossible without the full privatization of public land, and it is logical that the struggle for the ager publicus populi Romani was not ended in 111 B.C. Only after privatization of that land, which was possessed by the allies, the agrarian question in Rome could be fully resolved. The latter problem is of crucial importance for the further history of Rome, because it not only caused the Social War but also radically changed both the social structure and the political balance within Roman society during the last decades of the Republic.

scholarly journals SKOPJE

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
100Th Anniversary ◽  
Capital City ◽  
40Th Anniversary ◽  
Wooden Frame ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
The Social ◽  
Monumental Sculpture ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Cold War

The article explores some of the ways in which the citizens and officials of the Republic of Macedonia commemorated on July 26, 2003 the 40th anniversary of the earthquake that destroyed much of Skopje, the capital city of the Republic. The fragile Republic in the center of the Balkans also commemorated during the same week the 100th anniversary of the failed Ilinden uprising against Ottoman Turkish rule, August 2, 1903. The study aims at connecting diverse expressions of how a particular society remembers its disasters and attempts to turn them towards redemption. The Macedonian sociologist, Ilja Acheski, used the term “permanent earthquake” to describe the social fragmentation of his city in the aftermath of the 1963 earthquake. The article represents an extensive commentary on this theme. One of the characteristic responses during the earthquake memorial was nostalgic, perhaps “Jugonostalgic”. Several people stressed to the ethnographer how the world society – in the midst of the Cold War – cooperated to help Skopje during its moment of need. At the unveiling of a monumental sculpture of a suffering woman, who is meant to symbolize Skopje, an older man told me how America and Russia joined to help Skopje in 1963. The commemoration of Skopje’s earthquake, therefore, made it possible to acknowledge once again the personal leadership of Tito for his “Brotherhood and Unity” policy and for his skill at uniting East and West. Most of the article, however, does not dwell on the site of the monument. The author takes long walks in Topaana, a Roma “slum”, Cair, a neighboring Albanian “village”, and Lisece, a Macedonian “barracks” suburb. This last named site is one of the working-class suburbs where the wooden frame houses were built as contributions from abroad to rehouse the victims made homeless by the earthquake.  

scholarly journals School graduates as the basis of the human capital of the region on the example of the Republic of Tyva

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 176-188
Author(s):  
Tana M. Oydup ◽  
Ai-kys C. Kylgiday
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Labor Migrants ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Infrastructure Provision ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The City

In the modern conditions of interregional competition, there arises the issue of attracting and preserving the human capital of the region. The Republic of Tyva is losing significantly in this interregional rivalry. The factors that reduce the attractiveness of the region for its graduates and labor migrants from other regions are a small selection of educational institutions, high unemployment, the region's lagging behind in infrastructure provision. Grades 9 and 11 students are one of the main sources of human capital in any region. Graduates choose their future profession, university, place for their further residence (stay in another city or return to their small homeland). Thus, they unconsciously determine which region will receive new human resources. This article analyses the results of surveys of school graduates in the capital of the Republic of Tyva - the city of Kyzyl, conducted in 2010 and 2019. Comparative analysis showed that against the background of socio-economic changes that have taken place in the republic over the decade, the preferences of graduates when choosing future professions have changed. One can trace a clear relationship between the increase in the supply of jobs in the labor market and the growing popularity of certain professions. According to the results of sociological research, it can be stated that while maintaining the current socio-economic situation in the Republic of Tyva, the majority of school graduates in the city of Kyzyl will not become the basis for the formation of the region's human capital. For the republic, the issues of creating new jobs, increasing the social attractiveness of the region for further living, that includes solving housing and household issues, as well as improving the quality of social services for the population, transport accessibility, and improving the standard of living of the population, remain relevant. All of the above in aggregate will contribute to the formation of the region's human capital.

Resettlement Processes in the Ukrainian SSR during the Holodomor (1932–34)

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-99
Author(s):  
Olesia Rozovyk
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Power ◽  
Socialist Republic ◽  
Soviet Socialist Republic ◽  
The Social ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Material Conditions ◽  
Federative Socialist Republic

This article, based on archival documents, reveals resettlement processes in the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic in 1932–34, which were conditioned by the repressive policy of the Soviet power. The process of resettlement into those regions of the Soviet Ukraine where the population died from hunger most, and which was approved by the authorities, is described in detail. It is noted that about 90,000 people moved from the northern oblasts of the Ukrainian SSR to the southern part of the republic. About 127,000 people arrived in Soviet Ukraine from the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic (BSSR) and the western oblasts of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR). The material conditions of their residence and the reasons for the return of settlers to their previous places of inhabitance are described. I conclude that the resettlement policy of the authorities during 1932–34 changed the social and national composition of the eastern and southern oblasts of Ukraine.

Some reflections on social structure: Theoretical and practical aspects

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 1063-1078
Author(s):  
T.N. Skorobogatova ◽  
I.Yu. Marakhovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Service Industry ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
The Social ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Internal And External Factors ◽  
The Impact

Subject. This article discusses the role of social infrastructure in the national economy and analyzes the relationship between the notions of Infrastructure, Service Industry and Non-Productive Sphere. Objectives. The article aims to outline a methodology for development of the social infrastructure of Russia's regions. Methods. For the study, we used the methods of statistical and comparative analyses. The Republic of Crimea and Rostov Oblast's social infrastructure development was considered as a case study. Results. The article finds that the level of social infrastructure is determined by a number of internal and external factors. By analyzing and assessing such factors, it is possible to develop promising areas for the social sphere advancement. Conclusions. Assessment and analysis of internal factors largely determined by the region's characteristics, as well as a comprehensive consideration of the impact of external factors will help ensure the competitiveness of the region's economy.

Stimulating the economy in the Republic of Korea in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-51
Author(s):  
I. Korgun ◽  
S. Sutyrin
Keyword(s):  
Social Situation ◽  
Republic Of Korea ◽  
Business Activity ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government

This article discusses the measures of the government of the Republic of Korea to overcome the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. It shows what programs are being adopted to stabilize the social situation, normalize business activity and create conditions for the development of new sectors of the economy. An attempt is also made to suggest how relations with foreign economic partners may change in the post-tandem period.

ВИДОВИЩЕ ТА ВИДОВИЩНІСТЬ В СУЧАСНІЙ КУЛЬТУРІ УКРАЇНИ

2020 ◽  
pp. 110-116
Author(s):  
Admink Admink ◽  
Катерина Гайдукевич
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Social Regulation ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Contemporary Culture ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social

Обґрунтовано, що видовища характеризуються специфічними ознаками, серед яких варто наголосити на культурній цінності, що виявляється у використанні видовищем різних складових культури. Доведено, що видовища є показниками суспільних зрушень у системі цінностей, ідеологій, наявних і латентних проблем, устремлінь та бажань громадськості. Показано, що в сучасній культурі України пріоритетною є функція соціальної регуляції й формування  суспільної думки, яка реалізується у форматі імітативних практик та множинних культурних інтерпретацій. Проаналізовано напрями, за якими розвиватимуться видовища й видовищність в Україні: зміцнення й популяризація традиційних видовищних заходів; усталення нових видовищних практик; збагачення видовищної культури інноваційними формами та практиками. It is substantiated that the spectacle is characterized by specific features, among which it is worth emphasizing the cultural value that is expressed in the use by the spectacle of different components of the culture. It has been proved that the spectacles are indicators of social shifts in the system of values, ideologies, existing and latent problems, aspirations and desires of the public. It is shown that in the contemporary culture of Ukraine the priority is the function of the social regulation and the formation of the public opinion that is implemented in the format of imitative practices and multiple cultural interpretations. The directions for development of the spectacles and entertainment in Ukraine are analyzed: strengthening and promoting traditional entertainment events; establishing new entertaining practices; the enrichment of the spectacular culture with innovative forms and practices.

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