A note on the response of British Friesian steers to trenbolone acetate and hexoestrol, and to alternation in dietary energy intake

ABSTRACTFour steers from a group of eight British Friesian steers were implanted with 300 mg trenbolone acetate and 30 mg hexoestrol at the beginning of a 90-day trial period. The remainder were untreated. They were offered diets that varied in estimated content of metabolizable energy as follows (MJ/day): day 0 to 34 (period A), 100; day 35 to 60 (period B), 50; and day 61 to 90 (period C), 75 increasing to 110. Implanted steers gained significantly more live weight in periods A and C, and lost less in period B, than controls. Implanted steers had significantly elevated concentrations of plasma glucose in period A, and lower values for plasma urea and serum albumin throughout. Differences between control and implanted steers for the other blood constituents studied, including growth hormone, insulin and prolactin, were small and not significant. The main effects of changes in dietary energy intake on blood composition included significant increases in both groups of animals in the concentration of free fatty acids and growth hormone during underfeeding (period B). These concentrations decreased in period C, concomitant with significant increases in the concentrations of insulin and prolactin.

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Growth performance and body composition of wether lambs implanted at two different initial live weights with trenbolone acetate combined with oestradiol-17β

Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s0003356100037065 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 47 (1) ◽

pp. 65-74 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

A. H. Sulieman ◽

H. Galbraith ◽

J. H. Topps

Keyword(s):

Crude Protein ◽

Live Weight ◽

Hormonal Treatment ◽

Metabolizable Energy ◽

Lean Tissue ◽

Trenbolone Acetate ◽

Intermuscular Fat ◽

Body Components ◽

Gut Fill ◽

Main Effects

AbstractThirty-two Border Leicester ♂ × Scottish Blackface ♀ wether lambs, aged about 5 months, were divided into two groups on the basis of live weight, such that group G1 contained the 16 lightest lambs and group G2 the 16 heaviest. Lambs in group G1 were subdivided equally at random either to be sham-implanted controls (Group C1) or to be implanted with 35 mg trenbolone acetate (TBA) + 5 mg oestradiol-17β (OE) (group T1) at 24 kg initial live weight. The lambs in group G2 were also subdivided into two groups (groups C2 and T2), and similarly treated approximately 1 month later at 37 kg initial live weight. The lambs were offered ad libitum a diet containing an estimated 12·5 MJ metabolizable energy (ME) per kg dry matter (DM) and 140 g/kg DM crude protein. Comparisons were made for the main effects of hormonal treatment and initial live weight. Both hormonal treatment and initial live weight gave increases for DM intake, gut fill, empty body weight, carcass weight and, in the half carcass side weight, weights of dissected lean tissue, bone and intermuscular fat and chemically determined DM, crude protein and lipid. Weights of mm. semitendinosus, longissimus dorsi, supraspinatus and gastrocnemius were also increased due to hormonal treatment and in group G2 lambs compared with those in group G1. When expressed as a proportion of carcass side weight, hormonal treatment effects were not significant for individual muscles and dissected carcass lean, bone and fat and chemically determined lipid and ash. Variable effects on other body components were recorded for both treatments in the absence of any significant interactions. The responses to hormonal treatment were essentially similar in groups G1 and G2. The question is raised as to the contribution of the greater food intake in implanted lambs to the maintenance of fatness in these animals.

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Evaluation of NOSCOW

Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) ◽

10.1017/s030822960001388x ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 1984 ◽

pp. 23-23

Author(s):

P. J. Broadbent ◽

J. H. Topps ◽

J. J. Clark ◽

J. M. Bruce

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Energy Intake ◽

Live Weight ◽

Energy System ◽

Feeding Strategies ◽

Data Sets ◽

Dietary Energy ◽

Black And White ◽

Dietary Energy Intake ◽

Danish Dairy

Two data sets have been used to evaluate NOSCOW, a model of the energy system of cows which allows milk production and live-weight change to be predicted simultaneously from dietary energy intake (Bruce, Broadbent and Topps, 1984).Black and White Danish Dairy Cows (SDM) were used by Østergaard (1979) to study concentrate feeding strategies. There were nine treatments which differed in the level and pattern of concentrates fed over the first 36 weeks of lactation. These treatments caused substantial differences in the levels and patterns of energy intake.

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Effect of dietary energy intake and exogenous porcine growth hormone administration on circulating porcine growth hormone concentration and response to human growth hormone-releasing factor administration in growing swine

Domestic Animal Endocrinology ◽

10.1016/0739-7240(95)00026-b ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 293-298 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

N.C. Steele ◽

J.P. McMurtry ◽

R.G. Campbell ◽

T.J. Caperna ◽

R.W. Rosebrough

Keyword(s):

Growth Hormone ◽

Energy Intake ◽

Human Growth Hormone ◽

Human Growth ◽

Dietary Energy ◽

Hormone Concentration ◽

Growth Hormone Releasing Factor ◽

Growth Hormone Administration ◽

Dietary Energy Intake ◽

Hormone Administration

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Response of castrated male sheep to oestrogenic and androgenic compounds implanted alone or in combination

Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s1357729800015824 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 64 (2) ◽

pp. 261-269 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

H. Galbraith ◽

S. B. Singh ◽

J. R. Scaife

Keyword(s):

Crude Protein ◽

Live Weight ◽

Carcass Composition ◽

Metabolizable Energy ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Release Formulation ◽

Plasma Urea ◽

Androgenic Effect ◽

Main Effects ◽

Male Sheep

AbstractForty-eight Greyface wether lambs, aged about 6 months and weighing 32 kg on average were used. They were allocated to be treated, by subcutaneous implantation in the upper surface of the ear flap, with the naturally occurring steroids oestradiol-17β (O), testosterone (T) or the synthetically produced androgen trenbolone acetate (TA). Treatment groups were as follows: sham-implanted controls (C); 50 mg O (slow release formulation) (O); 40 mg TA (compressed pellets} (TA); 50 mg T (compressed pellets) (T); 15 mg O + 40 mg TA (TAO); 15 mg O + 50 mg T (TO). Combined implants were placed in close proximity under the skin of the same ear. The lambs were offered, to appetite, a good quality diet containing per kg dry matter (DM) an estimated 12-0 MJ metabolizable energy and 150 g crude protein. Comparisons were made for the main effects of O and the androgens T and TA. Main effects due to O were increased DM intake, live-weight gain (LWG) empty body weight (EBW), chilled carcass iveight (CCW), carcass crude protein (CP) deposition, plasma insulin concentrations and teat length with reductions recorded for the proportion but not weight of fat in the carcass, plasma urea and thyroxine concentrations. Treatment with androgens did not, on average, influence LWG or other indices of growth performance or carcass composition other than to produce significant increases in carcass phosphorus deposition and reduction in the depth of thorax. Significant increases in the iveight of penile tissue and reductions in teat length were recorded. There was evidence for a greater androgenic effect on penile tissue and anti-oestrogenic effect (on teat length) of TA compared with T at the concentrations used. TA also reduced the weight of the thymus gland, an effect reversed in the presence ofO.Analysis of plasma taken from the vein contralateral to the site of implantation showed that O concentrations were reduced in the presence of TA and T, and that O had no effect on the concentrations of androgens measured. Concentrations ofT and 17 β-hydroxy-trenbolone in blood were of a similar order, which for T is typical of postpubertal entire male sheep.The results suggest that O treatment was effective in promoting growth and carcass CP deposition which was not increased by T or TA, despite the presence of these androgens at biologically active concentrations in blood. This effect appears to differ from the additive effects frequently obtained for castrated male cattle.

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Influence of dietary non-protein energy intake on whole-body protein turnover in chicks

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1079/bjn19890112 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 61 (2) ◽

pp. 235-244 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

K. Kita ◽

T. Muramatsu ◽

I. Tasaki ◽

J. Okumura

Keyword(s):

Energy Intake ◽

Heat Production ◽

Protein Turnover ◽

Total Heat ◽

Metabolizable Energy ◽

Whole Body ◽

Synthesis Rate ◽

Dietary Energy ◽

Body Protein ◽

Dietary Energy Intake

1. Three experiments were conducted to investigate the influence of dietary energy intake on whole-body protein turnover in chicks.2. In Expt 1 a semi-purified diet with various dietary metabolizable energy (ME) concentrations, 10.9, 12.6, 14.2 and 15.9 kJ/g, was fed ad lib. to young chicks. Whole-body fractional synthesis rate (FSR) was increased with each increment in dietary ME level from 12.6 to 15.9 kJ/g, and whole-body fractional degradation rate (FDR) showed a similar, though less sensitive, trend to that of FSR.3. In Expts 2 and 3, chicks were given graded ME intakes of 84, 126, 167, 209 or 293 kJ/d with a fixed intake of dietary protein. FSR was increased when the energy intake was raised from 84 to 167 kJ/d, and above this level it was almost constant. Similar to the trend obtained with ad lib. feeding, the response of FDR to changes in dietary energy intake was less sensitive than that of FSR.4. Total heat production was increased when dietary energy intake was increased from 84 to 167 kJ/d, and there was no further increase at 209 kJ/d. In contrast, the contribution of protein synthesis to total heat production was not affected by varying the dietary energy intake.

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Misreporting of dietary energy intake in adolescents

Jornal de Pediatria ◽

10.2223/jped.2025 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Luana C. dos Santos ◽

Mariana N. Pascoal ◽

Mauro Fisberg ◽

Isa de P. Cintra ◽

Lígia A. Martini

Keyword(s):

Energy Intake ◽

Dietary Energy ◽

Dietary Energy Intake

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Estimating my equilibrium energy intake during lockdown: very introspective study

BMJ ◽

10.1136/bmj.m4561 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. m4561

Author(s):

R A Lewis

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Energy Intake ◽

Outcome Measures ◽

Dietary Energy ◽

Saturday Morning ◽

Dietary Energy Intake ◽

Body Weight Data ◽

Tuesday Afternoon ◽

Weight Data ◽

At Home

AbstractObjectiveTo estimate the daily dietary energy intake for me to maintain a constant body weight. How hard can it be?DesignVery introspective study.SettingAt home. In lockdown. (Except every Tuesday afternoon and Saturday morning, when I went for a run.)ParticipantsMe. n=1.Main outcome measuresMy weight, measured each day.ResultsSleeping, I shed about a kilogram each night (1.07 (SD 0.25) kg). Running 5 km, I shed about half a kilogram (0.57 (SD 0.15) kg). My daily equilibrium energy intake is about 10 000 kJ (10 286 (SD 201) kJ). Every kJ above (or below) 10 000 kJ adds (or subtracts) about 40 mg (35.4 (SD 3.2) mg).ConclusionsBody weight data show persistent variability, even when the screws of control are tightened and tightened.

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Effect of naturally occurring and synthetic androgens on growth, body composition and muscle glucocorticoid receptors in wether lambs

Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s0003356100007297 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 58 (3) ◽

pp. 357-364 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

H. Gallbraith ◽

A. D. Berry

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Body Weight ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Binding Capacity ◽

Live Weight ◽

Backfat Thickness ◽

Trenbolone Acetate ◽

Naturally Occurring ◽

Main Effects ◽

Nandrolone Phenylpropionate

AbstractTwenty-five Border Leicester ♂ × Blackface ♀ wether lambs aged about 4 months and weighing on average 28·5 kg were allocated to be treated with the naturally occurring steroid testosterone or trenbolone acetate or nandrolone phenylpropionate which are steroids synthetically produced. Treatment groups were as follows: untreated controls (C); 50 mg testosterone (T); 50 mg trenbolone acetate (TA); 50 mg testosterone + 50 mg trenbolone acetate (TTA) or 50 mg nandrolone phenylpropionate (N). Implants were given at 100 and again at 63 days before slaughter. The lambs were offered to appetite a good quality diet containing, per kg dry matter, an estimated 11·0 MJ metabolizable energy and 185 g crude protein. Comparisons were made for the main effects of T and TA and also interactions between T and TA. Effects due to N were assessed statistically against untreated controls. Treatment with T, on average, increased live-weight gain (LWG), empty body weight (EBW) and reduced backfat thickness and the weight (g/kg EBW) of perirenal and retroperitoneal fat. Main effects due to TA were increases in killing-out ratio and depth of the gigot joint and reductions in backfat thickness. Treatment with N increased the empty body weight and (g/kg) carcass ash. Non-significant (P > 0·05) trends were suggested for increases in carcass crude protein due to T and TA treatments. T and TA but not N treatments exhibited marked androgenic activity in increasing the weight (mg/kg EBW) of the accessary vesicular gland. TA and N, but not T, reduced the weight (g/kg EBW) of the thymus gland.The maximum binding capacity of post-morte m skeletal muscle (m. gluteus) for (3H)-dexamethasone was reduced by TA but increased by T and N. These results suggest differences in the binding capacity of corticosteroid receptors which may be related to differences in the effects of T and TA on protein metabolism in skeletal muscle.

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