scholarly journals Age-related changes in plasma lycopene concentrations, but not in vitamin E, are associated with fat mass

2000 ◽  
Vol 84 (5) ◽  
pp. 711-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pascal Grolier ◽  
Yves Boirie ◽  
Evelyne Levadoux ◽  
Marion Brandolini ◽  
Patrick Borel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Plasma Vitamin ◽  
Tocopherol Concentration ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Effect Of Age

The aim of the present study was to assess the influence of age on plasma concentration of α-tocopherol, retinol and carotenoids with a special attention paid to natural differences in body composition. Forty healthy subjects were recruited: twenty were less than 35 years old and twenty above 60 years old. Males and females were equally represented in each age group. Subjects were kept in energy balance and received controlled diets for 36 h. Fat mass and fat-free mass were determined with the180-enriched water dilution technique. Plasma vitamins A and E, and carotenoid levels were determined after 12 h fasting and were shown to be similar in women and men. Plasma α-tocopherol concentration increased with age (+44 % elderlyv.young), and correlated with % fat mass and plasma cholesterol. After adjustment for plasma cholesterol, the effect of age and % fat mass disappeared. In contrast, plasma lycopene level was 2-fold lower in the elderly than in the young group, and was inversely correlated with fat mass. When lycopene values were adjusted for fat mass, the effect of age disappeared. These results suggest that plasma levels of vitamin E and lycopene differed in the two age groups and that differences in plasma cholesterol and fat mass might participate in such an effect. Short-term vitamin intake did not appear to influence plasma vitamin concentrations.

scholarly journals Age-related Variations in Anthropometry, Body Composition and Nutritional Status among the Adult Kheria Sabar Males of Purulia, West Bengal, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-80
Author(s):  
Kaustav Das ◽  
Subrata Bagchi ◽  
Somosree Pal ◽  
Sayak Ganguli ◽  
Koel Mukherjee
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age Related

Undernutrition and ageing may have a significant effect on body composition. A cross sectional study was conducted to explore the age-related variations among different anthropometric and body composition characteristics amongst the adult Kheria Sabar males of Purulia district of West Bengal. From fifteen villages, 304 apparently healthy adult males aged 18–60 years were selected at random. Subjects were categorized into four age groups and standard anthropometric measurements were used like height (HT), weight (WT), mid-upper-arm circumference (MUAC) and skinfolds of biceps (BSF), triceps (TSF) and sub-scapular (SSSF) region. Derived variables of body mass index (BMI), per cent body fat (PBF), fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM), fat mass index (FMI) and fat-free mass index (FFMI) were also calculated. Majority of the variables were found to be inversely correlated with age. Positive (HT, WT, MUAC, BMI, FFM and FFMI) and negative (FM and FMI) significant differences were observed across different age groups. It was also observed that the frequency of undernutrition (62.6%) was the highest among the elderly people with 47.6% overall prevalence. This study clearly indicates that among the undernourished individuals, older people were more vulnerable to malnutrition and thus immediate nutritional intervention is required.

Optimizing Antiepileptic Drug Therapy in the Elderly

2005 ◽  
Vol 39 (11) ◽  
pp. 1852-1860 ◽  
Author(s):  
William R Garnett
Keyword(s):  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Antiepileptic Drug ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Complex Partial Seizures ◽  
Medline Search ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Epilepsy In The Elderly ◽  
Clonic Seizures

OBJECTIVE To review and evaluate the medical literature concerning antiepileptic drug (AED) therapy in elderly patients. DATA SOURCES A MEDLINE search (1982–December 2004) was conducted. Bibliographies of the articles identified were also reviewed, and an Internet search engine was used to identify additional pertinent references. STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION Clinical studies and reviews were evaluated, and relevant information was included. DATA SYNTHESIS The elderly have the highest incidence of seizures among all age groups. Complex partial seizures are the most common, followed by primary generalized tonic–clonic seizures. An accurate diagnosis may prove difficult because of a low suspicion of epilepsy in the elderly and other diseases that may mimic seizures. Most AEDs are approved for treatment of elderly patients who have partial and tonic–clonic seizures. However, a number of age-related variables should be addressed when selecting an appropriate AED. Age-dependent differences in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of AEDs must be taken into account. Drug–drug interactions must be considered since elderly people often take multiple medications. The ultimate factor that often determines AED selection is tolerability. CONCLUSIONS Numerous factors must be considered in treating elderly patients for seizures, but maximizing the ability of patients to tolerate drug therapy is often the basis for AED selection. Special consideration should be made along several lines, including elderly patients’ cognitive functioning and their tendency to respond to lower AED concentrations.

scholarly journals Age-related mortality in 61,993 confirmed COVID-19 cases over three epidemic waves in Aragon, Spain. Implications for vaccination programmes

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0261061
Author(s):  
Diego Casas-Deza ◽  
Vanesa Bernal-Monterde ◽  
Angel Nicolás Aranda-Alonso ◽  
Enrique Montil-Miguel ◽  
Ana Belen Julián-Gomara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Rapid Progression ◽  
Targeted Prevention ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Age Related

Background Risk for severe COVID-19 increases with age. Different vaccination strategies are currently being considered, including those aimed at slowing down transmission and those aimed at providing direct protection to those most at risk. Methods The objectives of the current study were i) to assess age-related incidence and survival between PCR-diagnosed COVID-19 cases (n = 61,993) in the Autonomous Community of Aragon from March to November 2020, and ii) to characterize age differences regarding the course of the disease in hospitalized patients in a tertiary university hospital. Results We found a similar incidence of COVID-19 in individuals between 10 and 79 years. Incidence increased in those over 80 years possibly because of the elevated transmission within the nursing homes. We observed a profound disparity among age groups; case fatality rates (CFRs) were near 0 in cases younger than 39 years throughout different waves. In contrast, there was an age-dependent and progressive increase in the CFRs, especially during the first pandemic wave. SARS-CoV-2 infection caused a more severe and rapid progression in older patients. The elderly required faster hospitalization, presented more serious symptoms on admission, and had a worse clinical course. Hospitalized older individuals, even without comorbidities, had an increased mortality risk directly associated with their age. Lastly, the existence of comorbidities dramatically increased the CFRs in the elderly, especially in males. Conclusion The elevated incidence of COVID-19 and the vulnerability of the elderly call for their prioritization in vaccination and targeted prevention measures specifically focused on this aged population.

Age-related Utilization of Advanced Life Support Services

1991 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven A. Meador
Keyword(s):  
Life Support ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Advanced Life Support ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Population Projections ◽  
Patient Treatment ◽  
Related Case ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Age Related

AbstractPurpose:To investigate the relationship between age and Advanced Life Support (ALS) utilization.Population:All patients from 1 January 1987 to 31 December 1988 transported by ALS ambulances within Lebanon County, a rural/urban county of 112,000.Methods:All runs resulting in patient treatment by ALS personnel were tallied at five-year age intervals and sub-grouped by trauma- and non-trauma-related calls. Utilization rates for each age group were obtained by dividing the calls by the population of each group. Correlation with age was tested by Spearman's rank correlation. Treatment rates for age groups were calculated for the six most frequent medical etiologies. To illustrate the effect of age distributions, age rates were applied to projected state and national population distributions.Results:There was a significant correlation with age for all transports (p < .01; r=.93) and for those not related to trauma (p<.01; r=.98). Correlation was not detected for trauma-related responses (p>.10; r=.19). Non-trauma-related case incidence varied among age groups, ranging from 1.1/1,000 for age five through nine years to 89/1,000 for age 80–84 years. Congestive heart failure, cardiac ischemia, syncope, myocardial infarction, and cardiac arrest evidenced increased incidence with age. Seizure did not. Older populations had a higher projected utilization of ALS services than did the younger age groups.Conclusion:Non-trauma ALS utilization is highly dependent on the age of the patient. Due to projected aging of the population and increased utilization of ALS by the elderly, projected utilization will increase at a rate faster than will the population. Age:rate data can be combined with population projections to estimate future need.

Contribution of body composition and physical activity to age-related decline in peak VO2 in men and women

1994 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 647-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Toth ◽  
A. W. Gardner ◽  
P. A. Ades ◽  
E. T. Poehlman
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Peak Vo2 ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Rate Of Decline

We examined the contribution of variations in body composition and leisure time physical activity to the age-related decline in peak oxygen consumption (VO2) in men and women. Healthy males 17–80 yr old (n = 378) and females 18–81 yr old (n = 224) were characterized for peak VO2 from a treadmill test to exhaustion, fat-free mass and fat mass by underwater weighing, and leisure time physical activity. Peak VO2 showed a greater absolute decline (P < 0.05) with age in males (r = -0.70, slope = -0.034 l.min-1.yr-1; P < 0.01) than in females (r = -0.78, slope = -0.028 l.min-1.yr-1; P < 0.01). After statistically controlling for differences in fat-free mass and fat mass, the decline in peak VO2 was diminished in both sexes, although a greater rate of decline persisted in males (r = -0.47, slope = -0.016 l.min-1.yr-1; P < 0.01) than in females (r = -0.39, slope = -0.009 l.min-1.yr-1; P < 0.01). We found that the addition of leisure time physical activity (independent of body composition) to the regression model further attenuated the rate of decline in males (r = -0.40, slope = -0.013 l.min-1.yr-1; P < 0.01) but did not alter the age-related decline in peak VO2 in females (r = -0.39, slope = -0.009 l.min-1.yr-1; P < 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Assessment of Cognitively Stimulating Activity in a Spanish Population

Assessment ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 1310-1319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Morales Ortiz ◽  
Aaron Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Active Ageing ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Effect Of Age

Theoretical models of active ageing and cognitive reserve emphasize the importance of leading an active life to delay age-related cognitive deterioration and maintain good levels of well-being and personal satisfaction in the elderly. The objective of this research was to construct a scale to measure cognitively stimulating activities (CSA) in the Spanish language. The sample consisted of a total of 453 older persons. The scale was constructed from a list of 28 items and validated using structural equation models. The scale obtained showed a negative correlation with age and a positive correlation with education and physical activity. Using hierarchical regression models, CSAs were found to have a significant effect on attention when controlling for the effect of age and education. Likewise, a significant interaction between age and CSA was found on the measure of episodic memory. The validated CSA scale will enable the relationships between changes in cognitive functions and stimulating activities to be studied.

scholarly journals TRANSCRIPTOME ALTERATIONS ASSOCIATED WITH AGE-RELATED DECLINE IN PHYSICAL FUNCTION.

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S872-S872
Author(s):  
Ted G Graber ◽  
Rosario Marota ◽  
Jill Thompson ◽  
Steve Widen ◽  
Blake Rasmussen
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Wheel Running ◽  
Functional Decline ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Running Activity ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Ongoing Work ◽  
Wheel Running Activity ◽  
Effect Of Age

Abstract One inevitable consequence of the effect of age on our bodies is the graduated deterioration of physical function and exercise capacity, driven, in part by the adverse effect of age on muscle tissue. Our primary purpose was to determine the relationship between patterns of gene expression in skeletal muscle and loss of physical function. We hypothesized that some genes that change expression with age would correlate with functional decline, or conversely with preservation of function. Male C57Bl/6 mice [adults (6-7 months old, n=9), older (24-25 months old, n=9), and elderly (28+ months of age, n=9) were tested for physical ability using a comprehensive functional assessment battery [CFAB, a composite scoring system: comprised of the rotarod (overall motor function), grip strength (fore-limb strength), inverted cling (4-limb strength/endurance), voluntary wheel running (activity rate/volitional exercise), and treadmill tests (endurance)]. We extracted RNA from the tibialis anterior muscles, ran RNAseq to examine the transcriptome using an Illumina NextSeq 550, comparing adults (n=7) to older (n=7) and elderly mice (n=9). Age resulted in gene expression differences of 1.5 log2 fold change or greater (p&lt;0.01) in 46 genes in the older mice and in 252 genes in the elderly (both compared to adults). Current ongoing work is examining the physiological relevance of these genes to age-related loss of physical function. We are in the process of using linear regression to determine which of the genes with age-related changes in expression are associated (R&gt;0.5 and p&lt;0.05) with functional status as measured by CFAB.

scholarly journals Age-Related Changes in the 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Versus Parathyroid Hormone Relationship Suggest a Different Reason Why Older Adults Require More Vitamin D

2003 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reinhold Vieth ◽  
Yasmin Ladak ◽  
Paul G. Walfish
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Secondary Hyperparathyroidism ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Age Related ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
The Relationship

Vitamin D requirements are thought to vary with age, but there is little comparative evidence for this. One goal in establishing a vitamin D requirement is to avoid secondary hyperparathyroidism. We studied 1741 euthyroid, thyroid clinic outpatients without evidence of calcium abnormalities, ranging in age from 19 to 97 yr, whose serum and urine had been analyzed for calcium, vitamin D, and parathyroid status. We found no effect of age on the 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentration associated with specific vitamin D intakes, and there was no relationship between 25(OH)D and 1,25hydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)2D]. In every age group, serum 1,25(OH)2D declined with increasing creatinine (P &lt; 0.001). What changed with age included creatinine, which correlated with 25(OH)D (r = 0.146, P &lt; 0.001) only in the youngest age group (19–50 yr) but not in the older age groups (P &gt; 0.1). Creatinine did not correlate with PTH in the youngest age group, but the relationship became significant as age increased (e.g. for the elderly, r = 0.365, P &lt; 0.001). Linear regression of log PTH vs. log 25(OH)D agreed with the natural shape of the relationship observed with scatterplot smoothing, and this showed no plateau in PTH as 25(OH)D increased. We compared PTH concentrations among age groups, based on 20 nmol/liter increments in 25(OH)D. Mean PTH in adults older than 70 yr was consistently higher than in adults younger than 50 yr (P &lt; 0.05 by ANOVA and Dunnett’s t test). PTH levels of the elderly who had 25(OH)D concentrations greater than 100 nmol/liter matched PTH of younger adults having 25(OH)D concentrations near 70 nmol/liter. This study shows that all age groups exhibit a high prevalence of 25(OH)D insufficiency and secondary hyperparathyroidism. Older adults are just as efficient in maintaining 25(OH)D, but they need more vitamin D to produce the higher 25(OH)D concentrations required to overcome the hyperparathyroidism associated with their diminishing renal function.

scholarly journals Longitudinal changes in body composition associated with healthy ageing: men, aged 20–96 years

2011 ◽  
Vol 107 (7) ◽  
pp. 1085-1091 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew S. Jackson ◽  
Ian Janssen ◽  
Xuemei Sui ◽  
Timothy S. Church ◽  
Steven N. Blair
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Healthy Ageing ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Longitudinal Changes ◽  
Percentage Of Body Fat ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Negative Effect

Obesity and sarcopenia are health problems associated with ageing. The present study modelled the longitudinal changes in body composition of healthy men, aged from 20 to 96 years, and evaluated the fidelity of BMI to identify age-dependent changes in fat mass and fat-free mass. The data from 7265 men with multiple body composition determinations (total observations 38 328) were used to model the age-related changes in body mass, fat mass, fat-free mass, BMI and percentage of body fat. Changes in fat mass and fat-free mass were used to evaluate the fidelity of BMI and to detect body composition changes with ageing. Linear mixed regression models showed that all trajectories of body composition with healthy ageing were quadratic. Fat mass, BMI and percentage of body fat increased from age 20 years and levelled off at approximately 80 years. Fat-free mass increased slightly from age 20 to 47 years and then declined at a non-linear rate with ageing. Levels of aerobic exercise had a positive influence on fat mass and a slight negative effect on fat-free mass. BMI and percentage of body fat were sensitive in detecting the increase in fat mass that occurred with healthy ageing, but failed to identify the loss of fat-free mass that started at age 47 years.

Consumer preferences for banking technologies by age groups

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 587-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Harris ◽  
K. Chris Cox ◽  
Carolyn Findley Musgrove ◽  
Kathryn W Ernstberger
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cohort Differences ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Concepts Of Technology

Purpose – The prevailing mindset is that younger people value and more readily adopt technology. The purpose of this paper is to determine if this is true with respect to banking practices. Design/methodology/approach – A survey was conducted to evaluate the importance of mobile, online, and physical-based banking across multiple age groups. Factor analysis and analysis of covariance were used to evaluate the responses. Findings – The results show that older consumers see more value in traditional, physical-based banking, all ages are equally interested in currently emerging technologies (online), and younger users are more interested in the newest technologies. Research limitations/implications – The stereotype of technology-adverse elderly may be too limiting. Age influences are not absolute barriers enacted by time, but are potentially learned behaviors. Practical implications – Practitioners interested in introducing new technologies to the elderly might consider making their innovations more compatible with existing technologies already in use. Originality/value – This study builds on the concepts of technology adoption and previous work on aging as it relates to adoption. However, it is shown that cognitive declines are not the only factor that can explain age-related differences in technology usage. Cohort differences in experience and resources may also be important. This is of value not only to the banks, but to all businesses that rely on consumer use of technology to maintain the business relationship.

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