scholarly journals Caffeine increases sugar-sweetened beverage consumption in a free-living population: a randomised controlled trial

2015 ◽  
Vol 113 (2) ◽  
pp. 366-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell S. J. Keast ◽  
Boyd A. Swinburn ◽  
Dhoungsiri Sayompark ◽  
Susie Whitelock ◽  
Lynn J. Riddell
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Conditioning Paradigm ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverage ◽  
Sweetened Beverage ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Hedonic Scale ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Excessive sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption has been associated with overweight and obesity. Caffeine is a common additive to SSB, and through dependence effects, it has the potential to promote the consumption of caffeine-containing foods. The objective of the present study was to assess the influence that caffeine has on the consumption of SSB. Participants (n99) were blindly assigned to either a caffeinated SSB (C-SSB) or a non-caffeinated SSB (NC-SSB) group. Following randomisation, all participants completed a 9 d flavour-conditioning paradigm. They then completed a 28 dad libitumintake intervention where they consumed as much or as little of C-SSB or NC-SSB as desired. The amount consumed (ml) was recorded daily, 4 d diet diaries were collected and liking of SSB was assessed at the start and end of the intervention. Participants (n50) consuming the C-SSB had a daily SSB intake of 419 (sd298) ml (785 (sd559) kJ/d) over the 28 d intervention, significantly more than participants (n49) consuming the NC-SSB (273 (sd278) ml/d, 512 (sd521) kJ/d) (P< 0·001). A trained flavour panel (n30) found no difference in flavour between the C-SSB and NC-SSB (P>0·05). However, participants who consumed the C-SSB liked the SSB more than those who consumed the NC-SSB (6·3v.6·0 on a nine-point hedonic scale,P= 0·022). The addition of low concentrations of caffeine to the SSB significantly increases the consumption of the SSB. Regulating caffeine as a food additive may be an effective strategy to decrease the consumption of nutrient-poor high-energy foods and beverages.

A cluster randomised controlled trial of a sugar-sweetened beverage intervention in secondary schools: Pilot study protocol

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 217-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Ying Ooi ◽  
Rachel Sutherland ◽  
Nicole Nathan ◽  
Sze Lin Yoong ◽  
Lisa Janssen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Professional Learning ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
School Nutrition ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
School Students ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverage

Background: Due to the rising prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents, reducing childhood overweight and obesity rates is a public-health priority. A significant source of excess sugar and energy in children’s diets comes from sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB), with adolescents having the highest intake of all age groups. However, existing interventions targeting SSB intake in adolescents have multiple limitations. Schools have proven to be an appropriate setting for improving student health. Aim: To assess the effectiveness of a school-based SSB intervention in reducing daily SSB consumption and daily percentage energy from SSBs of secondary-school students. Methods: A pilot study ( switchURsip) was designed based on the Health Promoting Schools framework components. A convenience sample of schools in New South Wales, Australia will be used to recruit six schools (three intervention; three control). The study incorporates strategies that focus on factors associated with SSB intake in adolescents. These strategies include: lesson plans on SSB; communication with students and parents; school challenge to build peer support; and school nutrition environment modifications. Support strategies to facilitate implementation are executive leadership and school committees, auditing and feedback, providing resources, staff professional learning and communication and marketing. Conclusion: The high intake of SSB in adolescents has been consistently linked to having overweight and obesity, hence, interventions in this area should be prioritised. This pilot study intends to address identified evidence gaps by piloting the first intervention in Australia of its kind to reduce SSB intake in adolescents.

scholarly journals Do pregnant women with overweight and obesity find a nutrition and exercise intervention with smartphone app support acceptable? Findings from the PEARs randomised controlled trial. (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen Greene ◽  
Eileen O'Brien ◽  
Kate Ainscough ◽  
Maria A Kennelly ◽  
Orna A O'Brien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Smartphone App ◽  
Maternal Characteristics ◽  
Randomised Controlled

BACKGROUND Dietary interventions can improve pregnancy outcomes amongst women with increased BMI. Furthermore, interest in mobile health (mHealth) is growing but little is known about the acceptability of a smartphone app to support lifestyle interventions among such a cohort. OBJECTIVE We aimed to assess the acceptability of the PEARs study and the use of mHealth in a mixed lifestyle intervention. METHODS PEARs was a randomised controlled trial of a low glycaemic index (GI) dietary intervention with exercise prescription and smartphone app, delivered to pregnant women with overweight and obesity. Acceptability questionnaires were completed by the intervention group at 28 weeks’ gestation (n = 149) and post-intervention (n = 123). Maternal characteristics were recorded (age, ethnicity, BMI, socioeconomic status). Associations between maternal characteristics and acceptability of the intervention and app were analysed using t-tests, Mann-Whitney U tests, chi-squares and logistic regression. One-on-one semi-structured interviews were conducted with a sub-cohort of intervention participants (n = 28) at 34 weeks’ gestation, in which participants shared their experience of the PEARs intervention. RESULTS The intervention was generally accepted, with respondents agreeing that the diet was easy to follow (68.5%), enjoyable (74.1%) and affordable (76.9%). Qualitative and quantitative results were consistent with one another, both demonstrating that app acceptability was high. Participants agreed that the app was enjoyable (80%) and easy to use (97.5%). Compared to those with tertiary education, those with lower education were more likely to enjoy the dietary changes (P = .039). Enjoyment of the app was associated with disadvantaged neighbourhood deprivation index (P = .012) and higher BMI (B = .172, P = .029). CONCLUSIONS The PEARs intervention and use of a supportive smartphone app were accepted by pregnant women, particularly by those from vulnerable subgroups of the population. CLINICALTRIAL https://www.isrctn.com/, ISRCTN29316280

scholarly journals Increasing the proportion of healthier foods available with and without reducing portion sizes and energy purchased in worksite cafeterias: protocol for a stepped-wedge randomised controlled trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
James P. Reynolds ◽  
Daina Kosīte ◽  
Brier Rigby Dames ◽  
Laura A. Brocklebank ◽  
Mark Pilling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Lower Energy ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Reliable Estimate ◽  
Stepped Wedge ◽  
Portion Sizes ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Energy Options ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Overconsumption of energy from food contributes to high rates of overweight and obesity in many populations. A promising set of interventions tested in pilot studies in worksite cafeterias, suggests energy intake may be reduced by increasing the proportion of healthier – i.e. lower energy – food options available, and decreasing portion sizes. The current study aims to assess the impact on energy purchased of i. increasing the proportion of lower energy options available; ii. combining this with reducing portion sizes, in a full trial. Methods A stepped-wedge randomised controlled trial in 19 worksite cafeterias, where the proportion of lower energy options available in targeted food categories (including main meals, snacks, and cold drinks) will be increased; and combined with reduced portion sizes. The primary outcome is total energy (kcal) purchased from targeted food categories using a pooled estimate across all sites. Follow-up analyses will test whether the impact on energy purchased varies according to the extent of intervention implementation. Discussion This study will provide the most reliable estimate to date of the effect sizes of two promising interventions for reducing energy purchased in worksite cafeterias. Trial registration The study was prospectively registered on ISRCTN (date: 24.05.19; TRN: ISRCTN87225572; doi: 10.1186/ISRCTN87225572).

Experiences of people with Multiple Sclerosis using textured insoles: an interpretive phenomenological exploration

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yael Jennifer Baron ◽  
A. Hatton ◽  
P. O. McKeon ◽  
K. Rome ◽  
D. Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Sensory Input ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Reference Number ◽  
Perceived Benefit ◽  
Impaired Balance ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Foot Position

Abstract Background Impaired balance and mobility is one of the most concerning symptoms experienced by people with Multiple Sclerosis as it reduces their independence. It can be caused by reduced plantar sensation. Textured insoles may have the potential to improve balance and mobility by increasing plantar sensory input but their acceptability has not been investigated. This study aimed to investigate the experience of people with Multiple Sclerosis who wore textured insoles in free living for three months. Method A qualitative study embedded within an exploratory randomised controlled trial. Seven participants with Multiple Sclerosis who were ambulatory with a unilateral walking aid were identified from a larger group in a study into the effects of textured insoles on balance and mobility. Participants who wore textured insoles for three months in free living were recruited to participate in focus groups or individual semi-structured interviews about their experience of wearing the insoles. Themes in the data were identified using interpretive phenomenological analysis. Results Three overarching themes were identified from transcribed data; perceived benefit of the insoles, comfort of the insoles and participants’ awareness of their feet. Participants’ experiences were individual; some found the insoles beneficial and experienced increased mobility confidence whilst others did not. Several participants experienced increased awareness of their foot position. Only those participants who experienced benefits from wearing the insoles would continue to engage with them as an intervention. Conclusions Participants reported different experiences of wearing textured insoles, some experienced significant benefits to mobility confidence and awareness of their feet whilst others did not experience any benefit. Trial registration ISRCTN reference number ISRCTN85766784, date of registration 7th April 2014. https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN85766784

scholarly journals Sugar-sweetened beverage intake and overweight in children from a Mediterranean country

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugo Valente ◽  
Vitor Teixeira ◽  
Patricia Padrão ◽  
Mariana Bessa ◽  
Tânia Cordeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Task Force ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Mediterranean Country ◽  
Overweight Children ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverage ◽  
Sweetened Beverage ◽  
Final Sample ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Definition Of

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the association between sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption and overweight in children from a Mediterranean country.DesignThe children’s dietary intake was measured using a semi-quantitative FFQ completed by the parents. Overall, 2512 questionnaires were returned and 837 children were removed, leaving a final sample of 1675 children, aged between 5 and 10 years. Height and weight were measured according to international standards, and BMI was calculated. The definition of overweight and obesity was based on average centiles according to the International Obesity Task Force cut-offs. To determine the magnitude of the association between SSB consumption and overweight, OR estimates, including CI, were computed using unconditional logistic regression, adjusting for confounders.SettingElementary schools throughout the city of Porto, Portugal.SubjectsWe invited 5867 children, randomly selected, and their parents to participate in the study. Of those schools that agreed to take part, 3391 parents signed and returned the fully filled out consent form.ResultsThe prevalence of overweight (including obesity) was 36·6 % for girls and 38·8 % for boys. With regard to SSB consumption (serving/d), no differences between with overweight and non-overweight children were found even after adjustment for confounders (1–2 servings/d: OR = 1·67, 95 % CI 0·76, 3·66, in girls; OR = 1·63, 95 % CI 0·76, 3·47, in boys; and >2 servings/d: OR = 0·63, 95 % CI 0·33, 1·22, in girls; OR = 0·64, 95 % CI 0·33, 1·52, in boys).ConclusionsThe intake of SSB was not associated with increased risk of overweight in Portuguese schoolchildren.

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