scholarly journals Sugar-sweetened soft drinks are associated with poorer cognitive function in individuals with type 2 diabetes: the Maine–Syracuse Longitudinal Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 115 (8) ◽  
pp. 1397-1405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgina E. Crichton ◽  
Merrill F. Elias ◽  
Rachael V. Torres
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Soft Drink ◽  
Soft Drinks ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Causal Mechanisms

AbstractThe importance of adequate nutrition on cognitive performance is well recognised. Greater intakes of soft drinks are associated with a higher risk for type 2 diabetes, as well as other cardiometabolic diseases. A few studies have specifically examined whether the intake of soft drinks may be related to cognitive function. The aim of this study was to investigate whether soft drink intakes, including both sugar-sweetened and diet beverages, are associated with cognitive function, with adjustment for cardiovascular, lifestyle and dietary factors, and stratified according to type 2 diabetes status. Cross-sectional analyses were undertaken using 803 community-dwelling participants, aged 23–98 years, from the Maine–Syracuse Longitudinal Study. Cognitive function was measured using an extensive battery of neuropsychological tests. Usual dietary intake of soft drinks was assessed using a FFQ. Stratification by type 2 diabetes indicated that a greater intake of sugar-sweetened soft drinks was significantly associated with poorer performance in visual spatial memory, working memory, scanning and tracking, executive function, the global composite and the Mini-Mental State Examination in diabetic individuals. These relations were not attenuated with statistical control for BMI and other cardiovascular, lifestyle and dietary factors. Diet soft drink intake was unrelated to cognitive performance. Frequent sugar-sweetened soft drink intake was associated with poorer cognitive performance, particularly in individuals with type 2 diabetes, but the underlying causal mechanisms are yet to be determined. Longitudinal studies are needed to clarify these findings and the underlying causal mechanisms.

scholarly journals Poorer Visual Acuity Is Associated with Declines in Cognitive Performance Across Multiple Cognitive Domains: The Maine-Syracuse Longitudinal Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 746-754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Dearborn ◽  
Merrill F. Elias ◽  
Kevin J. Sullivan ◽  
Cara E. Sullivan ◽  
Michael A. Robbins
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Visual Spatial ◽  
Verbal Episodic Memory

AbstractObjectives: Prior studies have found associations between visual acuity (VA) and cognitive function. However, these studies used a limited range of cognitive measures and did not control for cardiovascular disease risk factors (CVD-RFs) and baseline function. The primary objective of this study was to analyze the associations of VA and cognitive performance using a thorough neuropsychological test battery. Methods: This study used community-dwelling sample data across the sixth (2001–2006) and seventh (2006–2010) waves of the Maine-Syracuse Longitudinal Study (n=655). Wave 6 VA as measured by the Snellen Eye Test was the primary predictor of wave 6 and wave 7 Global cognitive performance, Visual-Spatial Organization and Memory, Verbal Episodic Memory, Working Memory, Scanning and Tracking, and Executive Function. Additionally, VA was used to predict longitudinal changes in wave 7 cognitive performance (wave 6 performance adjusted). We analyzed these relationships with multiple linear and logistic regression models adjusted for age, sex, education, ethnicity, depressive symptoms, physical function deficits in addition to CVD-RFs, chronic kidney disease, homocysteine, continuous systolic blood pressure, and hypertension status. Results: Adjusted for demographic covariates and CVD-RFs, poorer VA was associated with concurrent and approximate 5-year declines in Global cognitive function, Visual-Spatial Organization and Memory, and Verbal Episodic Memory. Discussion: VA may be used in combination with other screening measures to determine risk for cognitive decline. (JINS, 2018, 24, 1–9)

scholarly journals Effect of Poor Glycemic Control Incognitive Performance Inthe Elderly With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: The Mexican Health and Aging Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto J Mimenza-Aguilar ◽  
Gilberto A Jimenez-Castillo ◽  
Sara G Yeverino-Castro ◽  
Abel Barragán-Berlanga ◽  
Mario U Perez-Zepeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Aging Study

Abstract Background Cognitive impairment is twice more frequent in elderly with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). This study was conducted to determine the association between glycemic control and cognitive performance among community-dwelling elderly persons in Mexico. Methods Cross-sectional study conducted in individuals aged 60 years or elderly participating in the 2012 Mexican Health and Aging Study. Type 2 DM participants were classified in 3 groups according to their glycated hemoglobin levels (HbA1c): <7% (intensive control), 7-7.9% (standard control) or ≥ 8% (poor control), and cognitive performance: low (CCCE ≤ 44 points), intermediate (44.1-59.52 points), or high (≥ 59.53 points). Multinomial logistic regression models were constructed to determine this association. Results Out of 946 subjects, 216 were selected. Subjects in the low cognitive performance group were older (69.7 ± 6.6 vs 65.86 ± 5.18 years, p < .001) and had a lower educational level (2.5 ± 2.6 vs 7.44 ± 4.15 years, p < .000) when compared to the high cognitive performance participants. HbA1c ≥8% was associated with having low (OR 3.17, 95% CI 1.17–8.60, p = .024), and intermediate (OR 3.23, 95% CI 1.27–8.20, p = .014) cognitive performance; this trend was not found for HbA1c 7.0-7.9% group. Conclusions Glycemic control with a HbA1c ≥ 8% was associated with worse cognitive performance.

scholarly journals A randomised-controlled trial of the effects of very low-carbohydrate and high-carbohydrate diets on cognitive performance in patients with type 2 diabetes

2016 ◽  
Vol 116 (10) ◽  
pp. 1745-1753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeannie Tay ◽  
Ian T. Zajac ◽  
Campbell H. Thompson ◽  
Natalie D. Luscombe-Marsh ◽  
Vanessa Danthiir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Perceptual Speed ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Obese Adults ◽  
High Carbohydrate ◽  
Low Carbohydrate

AbstractThis study compared the longer-term effects of a very low-carbohydrate, high-fat diet with a high-carbohydrate, low-fat diet on cognitive performance in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D). In total, 115 obese adults with T2D (sixty-six males, BMI: 34·6 (sd 4·3) kg/m2, age: 58 (sd 7) years, HbA1c: 7·3 (sd 1·1) %, diabetes duration: 8 (sd 6) years) were randomised to consume either an energy-restricted, very low-carbohydrate, low-saturated-fat (LC) diet or an energy-matched high unrefined carbohydrate, low-fat (HC) diet with supervised aerobic/resistance exercise (60 min, 3 d/week) for 52 weeks. Body weight, HbA1c and cognitive performance assessing perceptual speed, reasoning speed, reasoning ability, working memory, verbal fluency, processing speed, short-term memory, inhibition and memory scanning speed were assessed before and after intervention. No differences in the changes in cognitive test performance scores between the diet groups were observed for any of the cognitive function outcomes assessed (P≥0·24 time×diet). Percentage reduction in body weight correlated with improvements with perceptual speed performance. In obese adults with T2D, both LC and HC weight-loss diets combined with exercise training had similar effects on cognitive performance. This suggests that an LC diet integrated within a lifestyle modification programme can be used as a strategy for weight and diabetes management without the concern of negatively affecting cognitive function.

scholarly journals Type 2 Diabetes and Cognitive Function in Community-Dwelling Elderly Women

Diabetes Care ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 1060-1065 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Grodstein ◽  
J. Chen ◽  
R. S. Wilson ◽  
J. E. Manson
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Community Dwelling

scholarly journals Effect of poor glycemic control in cognitive performance in the elderly with type 2 diabetes mellitus: The Mexican Health and Aging Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto J. Mimenza-Alvarado ◽  
Gilberto A. Jiménez-Castillo ◽  
Sara G. Yeverino-Castro ◽  
Abel J. Barragán-Berlanga ◽  
Mario U. Pérez-Zepeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Poor Glycemic Control ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Aging Study

Abstract Background Cognitive impairment is twice more frequent in elderly with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). This study was conducted to determine the association between glycemic control and cognitive performance among community-dwelling elderly persons in Mexico. Methods Cross-sectional study conducted in individuals aged 60 years or elderly participating in the 2012 Mexican Health and Aging Study. Type 2 DM participants were classified in 3 groups according to their glycated hemoglobin levels (HbA1c): < 7% (intensive control), 7–7.9% (standard control) or ≥ 8% (poor control), and cognitive performance: low (CCCE ≤44 points), intermediate (44.1–59.52 points), or high (≥59.53 points). Multinomial logistic regression models were constructed to determine this association. Results Two hundred sixteen community-dwelling adults aged 60 and older with type 2 diabetes were selected. Subjects in the low cognitive performance group were older (69.7 ± 6.6 vs 65.86 ± 5.18 years, p < .001) and had a lower educational level (2.5 ± 2.6 vs 7.44 ± 4.15 years, p < .000) when compared to the high cognitive performance participants. HbA1c ≥ 8% was associated with having low (Odds Ratio (OR) 3.17, 95% CI 1.17–8.60, p = .024), and intermediate (OR 3.23, 95% CI 1.27–8.20, p = .014) cognitive performance; this trend was not found for HbA1c 7.0–7.9% group. The multinomial regression analysis showed that the presence of HbA1c ≥ 8% (poor glycemic control) was associated with low (OR 3.17, 95% CI = 1.17–8.60, p = .024), and intermediate (OR 3.23, 95% CI = 1.27–8.20, p = .014) cognitive performance. After adjusting for confounding variables. Conclusions Glycemic control with a HbA1c ≥ 8% was associated with worse cognitive performance.

scholarly journals Long-term Change in Physiological Markers and Cognitive Performance in Type 2 Diabetes: The Look AHEAD Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 105 (12) ◽  
pp. e4778-e4791
Author(s):  
Owen T Carmichael ◽  
Rebecca H Neiberg ◽  
Gareth R Dutton ◽  
Kathleen M Hayden ◽  
Edward Horton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Look Ahead ◽  
Physiological Markers

Abstract Context The effects of physiological improvements on cognitive function among persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are not fully understood. Objective To determine whether improvements in physiological markers (body weight, blood sugar control, and physical activity) during intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) are associated with enhancements in cognitive function in older adults with T2DM. Design Multisite randomized controlled trial. Setting Academic research centers. Patients or Other Participants Participants were aged 45–76 years, with T2DM. Intervention The Action for Health in Diabetes (Look AHEAD) study, a randomized, controlled clinical trial of ILI. Main Outcome Measure Two to 3 cognitive assessments were collected from 1089 participants, the first and last occurring a mean (standard deviation) of 8.6 (1.0) and 11.5 (0.7) years after enrollment. Results Greater improvement in blood sugar control was associated with better cognitive scores (fasting glucose and Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test [AVLT]: P = 0.0148; fasting glucose and Digit Symbol Coding (DSC): P = 0.0360; HbA1C and DSC: P = 0.0477); but weight loss had mixed associations with cognitive scores (greater body mass index [BMI] reduction and worse AVLT overall: P = 0.0053; and greater BMI reduction and better DSC scores among those overweight but not obese at baseline: P = 0.010). Associations were strongest among those who were overweight (not obese) at baseline, and among those with a history of cardiovascular disease (CVD) at baseline. Conclusions Improvements in glycemic control, but not necessarily weight status, during ILI may be associated with better subsequent cognitive performance. These associations may differ by adiposity and CVD history.

scholarly journals Effect of poor glycemic control in Cognitive Performance in the elderly with type 2 diabetes mellitus: The Mexican Health and Aging Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto J Mimenza-Aguilar ◽  
Gilberto A Jimenez-Castillo ◽  
Sara G Yeverino-Castro ◽  
Abel Barragán-Berlanga ◽  
Mario U Perez-Zepeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Poor Glycemic Control ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Aging Study

Abstract BackgroundCognitive impairment is twice more frequent in elderly with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). This study was conducted to determine the association between glycemic control and cognitive performance among community-dwelling elderly persons in Mexico.MethodsCross-sectional study conducted in individuals aged 60 years or elderly participating in the 2012 Mexican Health and Aging Study. Type 2 DM participants were classified in 3 groups according to their glycated hemoglobin levels (HbA1c): <7% (intensive control), 7-7.9% (standard control) or ≥ 8% (poor control), and cognitive performance: low (CCCE ≤44 points), intermediate (44.1-59.52 points), or high (≥59.53 points). Multinomial logistic regression models were constructed to determine this association.Results216 community-dwelling adults aged 60 and older with type 2 diabetes were selected. Subjects in the low cognitive performance group were older (69.7 ± 6.6 vs 65.86 ± 5.18 years, p <.001) and had a lower educational level (2.5 ± 2.6 vs 7.44 ± 4.15 years, p <.000) when compared to the high cognitive performance participants. HbA1c ≥8% was associated with having low (Odds Ratio (OR) 3.17, 95% CI 1.17-8.60, p=.024), and intermediate (OR 3.23, 95% CI 1.27-8.20, p=.014) cognitive performance; this trend was not found for HbA1c 7.0-7.9% group.The multinomial regression analysis showed that the presence of HbA1c ≥8% (poor glycemic control) was associated with low (OR 3.17, 95% CI = 1.17-8.60, p=.024), and intermediate (OR 3.23, 95% CI = 1.27-8.20, p=.014) cognitive performance. After adjusting for confounding variables.ConclusionsGlycemic control with a HbA1c ≥ 8% was associated with worse cognitive performance.

Cognitive–Motor Impairment in Manual Tasks in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stacey L. Gorniak ◽  
Haley Ray ◽  
Beom-Chan Lee ◽  
Jing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Motor Impairment ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Health State ◽  
Manual Tasks ◽  
Healthy Participants

Adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) experience decline in cognitive function compared with controls. Cognitive function is a major component in the performance of daily activities that involve motor components. The aim of this project was to evaluate working memory cognitive deficits and sensorimotor deficits in adults with T2D versus healthy participants. Ten community-dwelling persons with T2D and 10 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were recruited. Cognitive function, tactile function, motor function, and health state measures were evaluated. Reduced cognitive function, tactile function, and motor function were exhibited in the T2D group. Cognitive and motor functions remained impaired versus controls during tasks with both cognitive and motor components (dual tasks). Health state measures were found to covary with measures of interest. The conclusions of this article are as follows: (a) systemic deficits beyond tactile dysfunction contribute to reduced hand/finger function in T2D, and (b) participants with T2D demonstrate impairments in working memory, tactile function, and motor function.

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