scholarly journals Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D fluctuations in military personnel during 6-month summer operational deployments in Afghanistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 121 (4) ◽  
pp. 384-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne L. Fallowfield ◽  
Simon K. Delves ◽  
Neil E. Hill ◽  
Susan A. Lanham-New ◽  
Anneliese M. Shaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Main Study ◽  
Pronounced Increase ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D

AbstractSoldier operational performance is determined by their fitness, nutritional status, quality of rest/recovery, and remaining injury/illness free. Understanding large fluctuations in nutritional status during operations is critical to safeguarding health and well-being. There are limited data world-wide describing the effect of extreme climate change on nutrient profiles. This study investigated the effect of hot-dry deployments on vitamin D status (assessed from 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration) of young, male, military volunteers. Two data sets are presented (pilot study, n 37; main study, n 98), examining serum 25(OH)D concentrations before and during 6-month summer operational deployments to Afghanistan (March to October/November). Body mass, percentage of body fat, dietary intake and serum 25(OH)D concentrations were measured. In addition, parathyroid hormone (PTH), adjusted Ca and albumin concentrations were measured in the main study to better understand 25(OH)D fluctuations. Body mass and fat mass (FM) losses were greater for early (pre- to mid-) deployment compared with late (mid- to post-) deployment (P<0·05). Dietary intake was well-maintained despite high rates of energy expenditure. A pronounced increase in 25(OH)D was observed between pre- (March) and mid-deployment (June) (pilot study: 51 (sd 20) v. 212 (sd 85) nmol/l, P<0·05; main study: 55 (sd 22) v. 167 (sd 71) nmol/l, P<0·05) and remained elevated post-deployment (October/November). In contrast, PTH was highest pre-deployment, decreasing thereafter (main study: 4·45 (sd 2·20) v. 3·79 (sd 1·50) pmol/l, P<0·05). The typical seasonal cycling of vitamin D appeared exaggerated in this active male population undertaking an arduous summer deployment. Further research is warranted, where such large seasonal vitamin D fluctuations may be detrimental to bone health in the longer-term.

scholarly journals Sex and body mass index dependent associations between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and pulse pressure in middle-aged and older US adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung Hyun Kwak ◽  
Yoon-Hyeong Choi
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Pulse Pressure ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Vascular Stiffening ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Overweight Subjects

AbstractHigh pulse pressure (PP) is a valid indicator of arterial stiffness. Many studies have reported that vitamin D concentration is inversely associated with vascular stiffening. This association may differ depending on sex and body mass index (BMI). This study investigated the associations between vitamin D and PP and evaluated whether these associations differ according to sex and BMI, using data for individuals aged ≥ 50 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007–2010. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations were used as biomarkers of vitamin D levels. High PP was defined as ≥ 60 mmHg. Total 25(OH)D concentrations were dose-dependently associated with lower odds ratios (ORs) for high PP (p-trend = 0.01), after controlling for sociodemographic, behavioral, and dietary factors. When stratified by sex, there was a dose-dependent association between total 25(OH)D concentrations and lower risk of high PP (p-trend < 0.001) in females, but not in males. When stratified by BMI, there was a dose-dependent association between total 25(OH)D concentrations and lower risk of high PP (p-trend < 0.001) in non-overweight subjects, but not in overweight subjects. Improving the vitamin D status could delay elevation of PP and vascular stiffening in female and non-overweight subjects.

Surveillance evaluation of the standardization of assay values for serum total 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration in Japan

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 647-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Ihara ◽  
Sachiko Kiuchi ◽  
Takayuki Ishige ◽  
Motoi Nishimura ◽  
Kazuyuki Matsushita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Surveillance Study ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Acceptance Criterion ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Consensus Values ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D

Background To assess the vitamin D nutritional status, serum total 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration is measured. We used six automated 25(OH)D immunoassays (AIAs) available in Japan and certified by the Vitamin D Standardization Program (VDSP) at the U.S. Center for Disease Control and Prevention to assess the concordance of the assay results. Methods Serum total 25(OH)D concentrations in SRM 972a and 20 serum samples from patients were determined using three liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and six AIAs (pilot study), and an additional 110 serum samples were assessed by the six AIAs (surveillance study). The assay bias from the results of LC-MS/MS by Chiba University or consensus values (i.e. average of six AIAs) was estimated using the procedure described in CLSI document EP09-A3. Results LC-MS/MS at Chiba University could completely separate 25(OH)D2, 25(OH)D3 and 3-epi-25(OH)D3, and the observed values including total 25(OH)D in SRM 972a were all within ±1·SD of the assigned values. All AIAs produced results greater than ±3·SD. In the pilot study, four of the six AIAs had an average percentage bias, as estimated by confidence interval (CI), larger than ±5% (acceptance criterion in CLSI); the bias converged from −6.5% to 3.2% after adjustment by LC-MS/MS. In the surveillance study, 25(OH)D concentrations in AIAs all adjusted to LC-MS/MS converged within ±5% from consensus values. However, some AIAs showed negative or positive bias from the consensus values. Conclusions Current AIAs in Japan continue to lack standardization. Manufacturers should implement quality assurance strategies so that their values more closely align to those of standard reference material 972a.

scholarly journals Vitamin D in pregnancy at high latitude in Scotland

2012 ◽  
Vol 109 (5) ◽  
pp. 898-905 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Haggarty ◽  
Doris M. Campbell ◽  
Susan Knox ◽  
Graham W. Horgan ◽  
Gwen Hoad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
High Latitude ◽  
Maternity Hospital ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Supplement Use ◽  
The North ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Supplements ◽  
In Pregnancy

The aims of the present study were to determine compliance with current advice on vitamin D and to assess the influence of season, dietary intake, supplement use and deprivation on vitamin D status in pregnant mothers and newborns in the north of Scotland where sunlight exposure is low. Pregnant women (n 1205) and their singleton newborns were studied in the Aberdeen Maternity Hospital (latitude 57°N) between 2000 and 2006. Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 were measured at 19 weeks of gestation in mothers and at delivery in newborns. During pregnancy, 21·0 (95 % CI 18·5, 23·5) % of women took vitamin D supplements. The median intake was 5 μg/d and only 0·6 (95 % CI 0·1, 1·0) % took the recommended 10 μg/d. Supplement use, adjusted for season, dietary intake and deprivation, significantly increased maternal 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) by 10·5 (95 % CI 5·7, 15·2) nmol/l (P< 0·001); however, there was no significant effect on cord 25(OH)D (1·4 (95 % CI − 1·8, 4·5) nmol/l). The biggest influence on both maternal and cord 25(OH)D was season of birth (P< 0·001). Compared with the least deprived women (top three deciles), the most deprived pregnancies (bottom three deciles) were characterised by a significantly lower seasonally adjusted 25(OH)D ( − 11·6 (95 % CI − 7·5, − 15·7) nmol/l in the mother and − 5·8 (95 % CI − 2·3, − 9·4) nmol/l in the cord), and a lower level of supplement use (10 (95 % CI 4, 17) v. 23 (95 % CI 20, 26) %). More should be done to promote vitamin D supplement use in pregnancy but the critical importance of endogenous vitamin D synthesis, and known adaptations of fat metabolism specific to pregnancy, suggest that safe sun advice may be a useful additional strategy, even at high latitude.

scholarly journals CASE-CONTROL STUDY ON VITAMIN D STATUS IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS WITH EOSINOPHILIC ESOPHAGITIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 409-415
Author(s):  
Thaís Longo TEIXEIRA ◽  
Marcela Almeida LINDEN ◽  
Elizete Aparecida LOMAZI ◽  
Margareth Galvão Lopes SARON ◽  
Adriana Lopes RICCETTO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Eosinophilic Esophagitis ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Case Group ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Vitamin D is an essential fat-soluble steroid hormone and vitamin D deficiency is a global public health problem especially among children and adolescents. Factors such as the low intake of vitamin D-rich food sources, poor absorption and less exposure to the sun influence this outcome. Vitamin D has an anti-inflammatory effect in the body by promoting regulatory T cell differentiation as well as recovering T helper 17 cell response and secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic disease, histologically characterized by predominantly eosinophilic inflammation. The most common therapeutic approaches are allergen-eliminating diets, such as excluding cow’s milk, egg, soy, wheat, peanuts and seafood, or more specific dietary restrictions. OBJECTIVE: To verify the serum levels of vitamin D in children and adolescents with eosinophilic esophagitis on a restricted food diet and to analyze their association with nutritional status, consumption of different food sources, exposure to the sun and skin color. METHODS: Case-control study conducted in the city of Campinas-SP, Brazil, in which included patients were aged 2 to 18 years old, and those diagnosed with eosinophilic esophagitis was referred to as the case group (n=15), meanwhile a control group (n=17) was also formed. Epidemiological data, nutritional status, data on vitamin D intake (24-hour recall - performed only by EoE patients - and self-reported intake of vitamin D food sources: milk and dairy products, canned tuna and sardines, Bull’s liver, chicken eggs - applied in both groups), and daily time of sun exposure (≥30 min or ≤30 min) were recorded. The samples were collected for serum levels of 25-hydroxy-vitamin D, where sufficiency levels >30 ng/mL were considered, insufficiency 21 to 30 ng/mL, deficiency <20 ng/mL. RESULTS: There was a higher frequency of vitamin D insufficiency/ deficiency in the Eosinophilic Esophagitis group (P=0.035), even with longer sun exposure (P= 0.035). Skin color was not associated with lower levels of vitamin D in both groups studied. No difference was found in nutritional status between the groups. CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrated a higher frequency of inadequate/ deficient levels of vitamin D in children and adolescents with EoE on a restricted diet. When necessary, serum levels should be investigated and correct exposure to the sun should be encouraged, with special attention to the recommended guidelines, time spent in the sun and the appropriate clothing for correct absorption. Since exposure for more than 30 minutes in the sun does not appear to have provided a protective effect in the EoE group, even in a region with high levels of solar radiation. There was a significant difference only in the consumption of cow’s milk between the case and control groups, demonstrating the low adherence to the restriction diet by the case group. No association was found between serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D levels and nutritional status. Moreover, no association regarding the adequate or inadequate status of 25 hydroxyvitamin D and the consumption vitamin D-rich foods was identified. Multicentered studies with a larger number of cases should be performed to assess serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D levels and associated factors in pediatric patients with EoE.

scholarly journals Annual high-dose vitamin D3and mental well-being: randomised controlled trial

2011 ◽  
Vol 198 (5) ◽  
pp. 357-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerrie M. Sanders ◽  
Amanda L. Stuart ◽  
Elizabeth J. Williamson ◽  
Felice N. Jacka ◽  
Seetal Dodd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Mental Well Being

BackgroundEpidemiological evidence supports a relationship between vitamin D and mental well-being, although evidence from large-scale placebo-controlled intervention trials is lacking.AimsTo examine if vitamin D supplementation has a beneficial effect on mood in community-dwelling older women; if a single annual large dose of vitamin D has a role in the prevention of depressive symptoms; and if there is an association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and mental health.MethodA double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial of women aged 70 or older (the Vital D Study: ISRCTN83409867 and ACTR12605000658617). Participants were randomly assigned to receive 500 000 IU vitamin D3(cholecalciferol) orally or placebo every autumn/winter for 3–5 consecutive years. The tools utilised at various time points were the General Health Questionnaire, the 12-item Short Form Health Survey, the Patient Global Impression–Improvement scale and the WHO Well-Being Index. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were measured in a subset of 102 participants.ResultsIn this non-clinical population, no significant differences between the vitamin D and placebo groups were detected in any of the measured outcomes of mental health. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in the vitamin D group were 41% higher than the placebo group 12 months following their annual dose. Despite this difference, scores from the questionnaires did not differ. Furthermore, there was no interaction between those on antidepressant/anxiety medication at baseline and the treatment groups.ConclusionsThe lack of improvement in indices of mental well-being in the vitamin D group does not support the hypothesis that an annual high dose of vitamin D3is a practical intervention to prevent depressive symptoms in older community-dwelling women.

scholarly journals Vitamin D status in children and adults in Sweden: dietary intake and 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in children aged 10–12 years and adults aged 18–80 years

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia Nälsén ◽  
Wulf Becker ◽  
Monika Pearson ◽  
Peter Ridefelt ◽  
Anna Karin Lindroos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Intake ◽  
Dietary Record ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Supplements

Abstract The study aimed to estimate vitamin D intake and plasma/serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations, investigate determinants of 25(OH)D concentrations and compare two 25(OH)D assays. We conducted two nationwide cross-sectional studies in Sweden with 206 school children aged 10–12 years and 1797 adults aged 18–80 years (n 268 provided blood samples). A web-based dietary record was used to assess dietary intake. Plasma/serum 25(OH)D was analysed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and immunoassay in adults and LC-MS/MS in children. Most participants reported a vitamin D intake below the average requirement (AR), 16 % of children and 33 % of adults met the AR (7⋅5 μg). In adults, plasma 25(OH)D below 30 and 50 nmol/l were found in 1 and 18 % of participants during the summer period and in 9 and 40 % of participants during the winter period, respectively. In children, serum 25(OH)D below 30 and 50 nmol/l were found in 5 and 42 % of participants (samples collected March–May), respectively. Higher 25(OH)D concentrations were associated with the summer season, vacations in sunny locations (adults), and dietary intake of vitamin D and use of vitamin D supplements, while lower concentrations were associated with a higher BMI and an origin outside of Europe. Concentrations of 25(OH)D were lower using the immunoassay than with the LC-MS assay, but associations with dietary factors and seasonal variability were similar. In conclusion, vitamin D intake was lower than the AR, especially in children. The 25(OH)D concentrations were low in many participants, but few participants had a concentration below 30 nmol/l.

Effect of Short-Term Sunlight Exposure on Blood Pressure and Pulse Rate in Vitamin D3-Insufficient, Prehypertensive Patients: A Pilot Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Jin-Woo Park ◽  
Kyoung-Ah Kim ◽  
Min-Goo Lee ◽  
Ji-Young Park
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Pulse Rate ◽  
Sunlight Exposure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of short-term sunlight exposure on blood pressure (BP) and pulse rate (PR) in vitamin D<sub>3</sub>-insufficient, prehypertensive patients. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Twenty prehypertensive male participants were prospectively enrolled in this pilot study. BP and PR were measured using 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring and endocrine biomarkers were assessed. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Sunlight exposure decreased 24-hour systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP (DBP), and PR (SBP: 132.6 mm Hg to 129.3 mm Hg, DBP: 77.6 mm Hg to 75.7 mm Hg, and PR: 76.1 bpm to 71.3 bpm, <i>p</i> values: 0.0011, 0.0012, and &#x3c;0.0001, respectively). The decrement patterns of SBP, DBP, and PR during nighttime (SBP: 123.5 mm Hg to 117.9 mm Hg, DBP: 72.2 mm Hg to 68.0 mm Hg, and PR: 68.2 bpm to 59.1 bpm, <i>p</i> values: 0.0015, 0.0003, and &#x3c;0.0001, respectively) were more profound compared between daytime and nighttime. Blood levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D<sub>3</sub> were significantly increased (<i>p</i> = 0.0001) but aldosterone levels were significantly decreased (<i>p</i> = 0.0014) after sunlight exposure. In addition, an inverse relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D<sub>3</sub> and aldosterone levels was observed (<i>R</i> = –0.4709, <i>p</i> = 0.0419). <b><i>Discussion/Conclusion:</i></b> The pilot study gives promising results that it is worthwhile to evaluate short-term sunlight exposure as a potentially effective approach in decreasing BP and PR in 25-hydroxyvitamin D<sub>3</sub>-insufficient prehypertensive patients in a larger trial with a control group.

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