scholarly journals Daily consumption of wild olive (acebuche) oil reduces blood pressure and ameliorates endothelial dysfunction and vascular remodelling in rats with L-NAME-induced hypertension

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-31
Author(s):  
Claudia Reyes-Goya ◽  
Álvaro Santana-Garrido ◽  
Gema Aguilar-Espejo ◽  
María del Carmen Pérez-Camino ◽  
Alfonso Mate ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vascular Remodelling ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Wild Olive

Abstract Purpose: Despite numerous reports on the beneficial effects of olive oil in the cardiovascular context, very little is known about the olive tree’s wild counterpart (Olea europaea, L. var. sylvestris), commonly known as acebuche (ACE) in Spain. The aim of this study was to analyse the possible beneficial effects of an extra virgin ACE oil on vascular function in a rodent model of arterial hypertension induced by L-NAME (NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester). Methods: Four experimental groups of male Wistar rats were studied: 1) normotensive rats (Control group); 2) normotensive rats fed a commercial diet supplemented with 15% (w/w) ACE oil (Acebuche group); 3) rats made hypertensive following administration of L-NAME (L-NAME group); and 4) rats treated with L-NAME and simultaneously supplemented with 15% ACE oil (LN+ACE group). All treatments were maintained for 12 weeks. Results: Besides a significant blood pressure-lowering effect, the ACE oil-enriched diet counteracted the alterations found in aortas from hypertensive rats in terms of morphology and responsiveness to vasoactive mediators. In addition, a decrease in hypertension-related fibrotic and oxidative stress processes was observed in L-NAME-treated rats subjected to ACE oil supplement. Conclusion: Using a model of arterial hypertension via nitric oxide depletion, here we demonstrate the beneficial effects of a wild olive oil based upon its vasodilator, antihypertensive, antioxidant, antihypertrophic and antifibrotic properties. We postulate that regular inclusion of ACE oil in the diet can alleviate the vascular remodelling and endothelial dysfunction processes typically found in arterial hypertension, thus resulting in a significant reduction of blood pressure.

scholarly journals Endothelial function in patients with asthma according to circadian blood pressure profile

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 390-394
Author(s):  
N. A. Karoli ◽  
A. A. Roschina ◽  
A. P. Rebrov
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Blood Pressure Monitoring ◽  
Pressure Profile ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Essential Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Functional Features

Objective. The aim of study is asses of the endothelial functional features in patient with bronchial asthma with different types of blood pressure (BP) circadial rhythm. Design and methods. 62 patients with bronchial asthma (from 25 to 60 years old) were included in our study. Control group was represented by 30 healthy people for examination of endothelial function and 77 patients with essential arterial hypertension for 24-h blood pressure rhythm analysis. We described 2 groups of patients («dippers» and «non-dippers») by ambulatory 24-h blood pressure monitoring. Results. «Non-dipper» type was significantly prevalent in patient with asthma in comparative with patients with essential arterial hypertension (51,6% opposite 33,7%). The flow-depended endothelial dysfunction is most common in patient with asthma (dippers and non-dippers) than in control group. Negative correlation between nitroglycerin-depended vasodilatation and night-depressing systolic and diastolic blood pressure degree was presented in the study. Conclusion. We founded associations between endothelial dysfunction and BP circadial rhythm in patients with bronchial asthma, especially in «non-dippers».

Inflammation and Microvascular and Macrovascular Endothelial Dysfunction in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Effect of Treatment

2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 711-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
WILL FOSTER ◽  
DAVID CARRUTHERS ◽  
GREGORY Y.H. LIP ◽  
ANDREW D. BLANN
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Microvascular Function ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antirheumatic Therapy ◽  
Antiinflammatory Therapy ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Plasma Markers

Objective.To determine whether abnormalities in microvascular and macrovascular function in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are associated with plasma markers [von Willebrand factor (VWF)] of endothelial dysfunction and inflammation [C-reactive protein (CRP)] and whether the abnormalities would be altered by treatment. Endothelial dysfunction and inflammation in RA may contribute to adverse cardiovascular events. Although endothelial dysfunction in RA has been demonstrated by altered plasma markers, the relationships with macrovascular and microvascular function are relatively unexplored.Methods.We recruited 66 patients with chronic RA, 48 community controls (CC), and 25 patients with diabetes and hypertension as a disease control group (DC). Subjects had venous blood sampled for plasma markers, and underwent laser Doppler perfusion imaging of forearm skin (to assess microvascular circulation) following acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside iontophoresis, to assess endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent responses, respectively. Brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation assessed endothelial dysfunction in a macrovascular bed. A subgroup of 29 patients with RA were assessed pretherapy and after 2–4 weeks of antirheumatic therapy.Results.As expected, patients with RA had higher CRP, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and VWF. Endothelium-independent vasoreactivity was abnormal in RA, and this correlated negatively with CRP. All aspects of microvascular function were abnormal in the DC compared to the CC. Macrovascular function was preserved in RA but was abnormal in the DC group. Four weeks of antiinflammatory therapy reduced CRP and ESR but had no effect on any vascular function index in the patients with RA.Conclusion.Patients with RA have abnormal endothelium-independent microvascular function that correlates with inflammation but is not altered by short-term antiinflammatory therapy.

scholarly journals The Role of Uridine Adenosine Tetraphosphate in the Vascular System

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takayuki Matsumoto ◽  
Rita C. Tostes ◽  
R. Clinton Webb
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Purinergic Receptors ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Vascular System

The endothelium plays a pivotal role in vascular homeostasis, and endothelial dysfunction is a major feature of cardiovascular diseases, such as arterial hypertension, atherosclerosis, and diabetes. Recently, uridine adenosine tetraphosphate (Up4A) has been identified as a novel and potent endothelium-derived contracting factor (EDCF). Up4A structurally contains both purine and pyrimidine moieties, which activate purinergic receptors. There is an accumulating body of evidence to show that Up4A modulates vascular function by actions on endothelial and smooth muscle cells. In this paper, we discuss the effects of Up4A on vascular function and a potential role for Up4A in cardiovascular diseases.

scholarly journals The effect of Sang-qi Granules on blood pressure and endothelial dysfunction in stageI or II hypertension: study protocol for a randomized double-blind double-simulation controlled trial

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haoyue Shi ◽  
Deshuang Yang ◽  
Jiajun Qiao ◽  
Rui Sun ◽  
Ruihan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Ankle Brachial Index ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Endothelial Cell Function ◽  
Self Rating

Abstract Background Hypertension is an important worldwide public health challenge because of its high prevalence and concomitant risks of cardiovascular disease. It induces half of the coronary heart disease and approximately two-thirds of the cerebrovascular disease burdens. Vascular endothelial dysfunction plays important roles in the pathophysiology of essential hypertension. Sang-qi Granules (SQG), a Chinese herbal formula, is used to treat I or II hypertension. Several animal experimental studies have shown that SQG can lower blood pressure and myocardial fibrosis by suppressing inflammatory responses. However, there is no standard clinical trial to confirm this and whether SQG can improve endothelial cell function is unknown.Methods In this randomized, double-blind, double-simulation controlled trial, 300 patients with stage I or II hypertension will be recruited and randomly allocated in a 1:1:1 ratio to group A(treatment with SQG and placebo of Cozaar), group B (treatment with Cozaar and placebo of SQG), and group C (treatment with SQG and Cozaar). SQG (or its placebo) will be administrated twice a day at the doze of 10g each time, and 50mg Cozaar(or its placebo) will be administrated once in the morning. The primary endpoint is the drug efficiency of the each three groups. The secondary endpoints are the change of average systolic and diastolic blood pressure during the day and the night, the change of blood pressure drop rate at night, target organ damage assessment (heart rate variability, ankle-brachial index and pulse wave velocity), symptoms improvement assessment (hypertension symptom scale, TCM syndrome integral scale, Pittsburgh sleep quality index scale, Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, Self-Rating Depression Scale and the Short Form-36 Health Survey), blood lipids, serum indicators of vascular function (changes in serum ET-1, TXA2, NO, PGI2 values) and safety indicators.Discussion This study will provide clinical evidence for the efficacy and safety of SQG in the treatment of hypertension. Meanwhile, the possible mechanism of SQG for lowering blood pressure will be further explored by observing the protective effect of SQG on vascular endothelial function, as well as its effect on related clinical symptoms, risk factors and target organs of hypertension.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF HORMONAL DISORDERS ON ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION AND COMORBIDE ENDOCRINOPATHIES

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 132-136
Author(s):  
O. Bilovol ◽  
V. Nemtsova ◽  
I. Ilchenko ◽  
V. Zlatkina
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract. INFLUENCE OF HORMONAL DISORDERS ON ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION AND COMORBIDE ENDOCRINOPATHIES Bilovol O.M., Nemtsova V.D., Ilchenko I.A., Zlatkina V.V. Purpose: to investigate the effect of hormonal changes on endothelial dysfunction (ED) in patients with a comorbid course of hypertension (H), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and subclinical hypothyroidism (SHT). Methods: 183 patients with  H stage II were divided into 3 groups: Group 1 (n=50) - with isolated H (comparison group); Group 2 (n=63) - with a combined course of H and T2DM; Group 3 (n=70) - with comorbidity of H, T2DM and SHT. Blood pressure levels, carbohydrate, lipid and thyroid metabolism, plasma insulin concentration, insulin resistance (IR) the HOMA-IR index, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A) plasma levels were investigated. Results: Dyslipidemia was more pronounced in group 2 than in group 1. The addition of SHT was accompanied by a tendency to increase all the atherogenic lipids. IR was observed in all patients groups and was significantly higher than in control group (p<0.05). Significant increase of VEGF-A levels in all patients groups in comparison with the control (p<0.05) was found. In group 2 VEGF-A was lower than in group 1, which is probably due to the protective effect of metformin. Analysis  of the influence of thyroid dysfunction degree on ED revealed significant increase of VEGF-A levels in TSH>6.0 μMU/ml subgroup (352.55±17.64 pg/ml vs 461.74±20.13 pg/ml (p<0.05)). Conclusion: Hormonal disorders contribute to aggravation of endothelial dysfunction in patients with hypertension and comorbid endocrinopathies - type 2 diabetes mellitus and subclinical hypothyroidism. Even minor decrease in thyroid function lead to the progression of endothelial dysfunction. Key words: hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, subclinical hypothyroidism, endothelial dysfunction   Резюме. ВПЛИВ ГОРМОНАЛЬНИХ ПОРУШЕНЬ НА ЕНДОТЕЛІАЛЬНУ ДИСФУНКЦІЮ УПАЦІЄНТІВ З АРТЕРІАЛЬНОЮ ГІПЕРТЕНЗІЄЮ ТА КОМОРБІДНИМИ ЕНДОКРИНОПАТІЯМИ Біловол О.М., Немцова В.Д., Ільченко І.А., Златкіна В.В. Мета: дослідити вплив гормональних змін на ендотеліальну дисфункцію (ЕД) у пацієнтів з коморбідним перебігом артеріальної гіпертензії (АГ), цукрового діабету 2 типу (ЦД2Т) тасубклінічного гіпотиреозу (СГТ). Матеріали та методи: 183 пацієнта з АГ II стадії були розділені на 3 групи: 1-а група (n=50) - з ізольованою АГ (група порівняння); Група 2 (n=63) - з поєднаним перебігом АГ та ЦД2Т; Група 3 (n 70) – з комбінованим перебігом АГ, ЦД2Т і СГТ. Вивчали рівні артеріального тиску, показники вуглеводного, ліпідного і тиреоїдного обміну, концентрацію інсуліну в плазмі, індекс інсулінорезистентності (ІР) - HOMA-IR, рівні васкулоендотеліального фактора росту (VEGF-A) в плазмі. Результати. Ступінь дисліпідемії у 2-й групі була більш вираженою, ніж в 1-й. Приєднання СГТ супроводжувалося тенденцією до збільшення всіх атерогенних фракцій ліпідів. ІР спостерігалася у всіх групах пацієнтів і була достовірно більше, ніж у контрольній групі (р<0,05). Виявлено достовірне підвищення рівнів VEGF-A у всіх групах пацієнтів в порівнянні з контролем (р<0,05). В 2-й групі рівні VEGF-A були нижче, ніж в 1-й групі, що, ймовірно, пов'язано з протективним ефектом метформіну. Аналіз впливу ступеня гіпофункції щитовидної залози на ЕД виявив значне збільшення рівнів VEGF-A в підгрупі TSH> 6,0 мкМ / мл (352,55 ± 17,64 пг / мл і 461,74 ± 20,13 пг / мл відповідно, р <0,05). Висновки. Гормональні порушення сприяють погіршенню ендотеліальної дисфункції у пацієнтів з артеріальною гіпертензією та супутніми ендокринопатіями - цукровим діабетом 2 типу та субклінічним гіпотиреозом. Навіть незначне зниження функції щитовидної залози призводить до прогресування ендотеліальної дисфункції. Ключові слова:  гіпертензія, цукровий діабет 2 тип, субклінічний гіпотиреоз, ендотеліальна дисфункція    Резюме. ВЛИЯНИЕ ГОРМОНАЛЬНЫХ НАРУШЕНИЙ НА ЭНДОТЕЛИАЛЬНУЮ ДИСФУНКЦИЮ У ПАЦИЕНТОВ С АРТЕРИАЛЬНОЙ ГИПЕРТЕНЗИЕЙ И КОМОРБИДНЫМИ ЭНДОКРИНОПАТИЯМИ Беловол О.М., Немцова В.Д., Ильченко И.А., Златкина В.В. Цель: исследовать влияние гормональных изменений на эндотелиальную дисфункцию (ЭД) у пациентов с коморбидным течением артериальной гипертензии (АГ), сахарного диабета 2 типа (СД2Т) и субклинического гипотиреоза (СГТ). Материалы и методы: 183 пациента с АГ IIстадии были разделены на 3 группы: 1-я группа (n = 50) - с изолированной АГ (группа сравнения); Группа 2 (n = 63) - с сочетанным течением АГ и СД2Т; Группа 3 (n = 70) - комбинированное течение АГ, СД2Т и СГТ. Изучали уровни артериального давления,  показатели  углеводного, липидного и тиреоидного обмена, концентрацию инсулина в плазме, индекс инсулинорезистентности (ИР)- HOMA-IR, уровни васкулоэндотелиального фактора роста(VEGF-A) в плазме. Результаты. Степень дислипидемии во 2-й группе была более выраженной, чем в 1-й.  Присоединение СГТ сопровождалось тенденцией к увеличению всех атерогенных фракций липидов. ИР наблюдалась во всех группах пациентов и была достоверно больше, чем в контрольной группе (р<0,05). Выявлено достоверное повышение уровней VEGF-A во всех группах пациентов по сравнению с контролем (р <0,05). Во 2-й группе уровни VEGF-A были ниже, чем в 1-й группе, что, вероятно, связано с протективным эффектом метформина. Анализ влияния степени дисфункции щитовидной железы на ЭД выявил значительное увеличение уровней VEGF-A в подгруппе TSH> 6,0 мкМ/мл (352,55 ± 17,64 пг / мл и 461,74 ± 20,13 пг / мл соответственно, р<0,05). Заключение. Гормональные нарушения способствуют ухудшению эндотелиальной дисфункции у пациентов с артериальной гипертензией и сопутствующими эндокринопатиями - сахарным диабетом 2 типа и субклиническим гипотиреозом. Даже незначительное снижение функции щитовидной железы приводит к прогрессированию эндотелиальной дисфункции. Ключевые слова: гипертензия, сахарный диабет 2 тип, субклинический гипотиреоз, эндотелиальная дисфункция     

scholarly journals Cushing’s Disease: Assessment of Early Cardiovascular Hemodynamic Dysfunction With Impedance Cardiography

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Jurek ◽  
Paweł Krzesiński ◽  
Grzegorz Gielerak ◽  
Przemysław Witek ◽  
Grzegorz Zieliński ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Cushing’S Disease ◽  
Impedance Cardiography ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Cushing's Disease ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stroke Index ◽  
Disease Group ◽  
Hemodynamic Assessment

BackgroundCushing’s disease is a rare condition associated with a high cardiovascular risk and hypercortisolemia-related hemodynamic dysfunction, the extent of which can be assessed with a noninvasive method, called impedance cardiography. The standard methods for hemodynamic assessment, such as echocardiography or ambulatory blood pressure monitoring may be insufficient to fully evaluate patients with Cushing’s disease; therefore, impedance cardiography is being currently considered a new modality for assessing early hemodynamic dysfunction in this patient population. The use of impedance cardiography for diagnosis and treatment of Cushing’s disease may serve as personalized noninvasive hemodynamic status assessment and provide a better insight into the pathophysiology of Cushing’s disease. The purpose of this study was to assess the hemodynamic profile of Cushing’s disease patients and compare it with that in the control group.Material and MethodsThis observational prospective clinical study aimed to compare 54 patients with Cushing’s disease (mean age 41 years; with 64.8% of this population affected with arterial hypertension) and a matched 54-person control group (mean age 45 years; with 74.1% of this population affected with arterial hypertension). The hemodynamic parameters assessed with impedance cardiography included the stroke index (SI), cardiac index (CI), systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI), velocity index (VI), (ACI), Heather index (HI), and thoracic fluid content (TFC).ResultsThe Cushing’s disease group was characterized by a higher diastolic blood pressure and a younger age than the control group (82.9 vs. 79.1 mmHg, p=0.045; and 41.1 vs. 44.9 years, p=0.035, respectively). Impedance cardiography parameters in the Cushing’s disease group showed: lower values of SI (42.1 vs. 52.8 ml/m2; p ≤ 0.0001), CI (2.99 vs. 3.64 l/min/m2; p ≤ 0,0001), VI (42.9 vs. 52.1 1/1000/s; p=0.001), ACI (68.7 vs. 80.5 1/100/s2; p=0,037), HI (13.1 vs. 15.2 Ohm/s2; p=0.033), and TFC (25.5 vs. 27.7 1/kOhm; p=0.006) and a higher SVRI (2,515 vs. 1,893 dyn*s*cm-5*m2; p ≤ 0.0001) than those in the control group.ConclusionsCushing’s disease is associated with significantly greater vasoconstriction and left ventricular systolic dysfunction. An individual assessment with impedance cardiography may be useful in Cushing’s disease patients in order to identify subclinical cardiovascular complications of chronic hypercortisolemia as potential therapeutic targets.

scholarly journals Effects of occupational stress on working ability of patients suffering from arterial hypertension

2013 ◽  
Vol 66 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 497-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marijana Matic ◽  
Jovana Jovanovic ◽  
Jovica Jovanovic ◽  
Nada Macvanin
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Occupational Stress ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Work Place ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Working Ability ◽  
Disability Retirement

Introduction. The aim of this research was to quantify the presence of occupational stressors and to analyze their effects on temporary and permanent working ability of workers with arterial hypertension. Material and Methods. The research included 817 workers. The study group consisted of 504 workers with arterial hypertension without other diseases or disorders, whereas the control group was composed of 313 healthy workers. Results. The study group showed a significantly higher level of total occupational stress index as well as of the stress index related to high job demands, conflicts at work place, underload and time limit (p<0.001) compared to the control group. A positive and statistically significant correlation between total occupational stress index and systolic and diastolic blood pressure was found in the study group. The total level of occupational stress over 40 led to a significant increase of systolic and diastolic blood pressure in persons with arterial hypertension. The analysis of temporary working inability determined a statistically significantly higher level of lost workdays per a worker in the study group compared to the controls (p<0.001). The average number of lost workdays per a worker in a year in the study group increased statistically significantly along with the occupational stress index values at their work place (p<0.001). In the study group the number of workers eligible for disability retirement over a period of one year was significantly higher compared to the controls. The number of workers eligible for disability retirement in the exposed group increased statistically significantly along with occupational stress index values at their work place. Conclusion. The results show that occupational stress is a significant factor in the development of arterial hypertension and reduction of work ability of exposed workers.

Abstract P161: Inspiratory Muscle Training and Aerobic Training in the Treatment of Hypertension: Baroreflex Sensitivity, Sympathetic Activity and Endothelial Function Responses

Hypertension ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 68 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Janaina B Ferreira ◽  
Valéria Hong ◽  
Otávio Coelho ◽  
Silvia Cavasin ◽  
Fernando Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Sympathetic Activity ◽  
Baroreflex Sensitivity ◽  
Aerobic Training ◽  
Inspiratory Muscle ◽  
Inspiratory Muscle Training ◽  
Muscle Training

Arterial hypertension is associated to sympathetic hyperactivity and endothelial dysfunction. Aerobic training (AT) is highly recommended to improve vascular function minimizing complications and Inspiratory muscle training (IMT) has demonstrated beneficial effects in this population, especially improving cardiovascular autonomic control. We sought to observe the effects of both training modalities on baroreflex sensitivity, sympathetic activity and endothelial function, in patients with controlled arterial hypertension. 10 patients (55±4 years old, both genders) were included and allocated into two groups: IMT (n=5, 7days/week, 30min/day, load=30%PImax) and AT (n=5, 2days/week, 1hour/day, load=70%HRmax). Both training protocols were performed during 12 weeks. Blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) signals were recorded before and after protocols, as well as the other evaluations, by pulse telemetry (Finometer®PRO) and ECG (PowerLab®). Arterial baroreflex sensitivity was analysed by sequence method. Sympathetic activity was evaluated by microneurography (PowerLab®) and the endothelial function was evaluated by flow mediated dilation (EnVisor CHD, Philips, Bothell, WA, USA). After 12 weeks treatment IMT improved baroreflex sensitvity to both tachycardic and bradycardic responses respectively (BRR Down Gain (mean): IMT=26.51(±1.7)vs15.57(±6.7), AT=13.94(±5.5)vs17.92(±1.6); BRR Up Gain (mean): IMT=17.16(±1.2)vs16.28(±1.1), AT=12.39(±5)vs12.69(±3.3)). Additionally, we observed reduction of sympathetic activity in both groups (IMT:33.23±11.79vs25.07±13.28; AT:29.88±7.07vs24.09±6.37) and improvement of endothelial function independent of the treatment (IMT:6.4±2.18vs7.22±2.08; AT:5.49±7.43vs7.06±3.12). Regarding the responses to inspiratory muscle training and aerobic training on autonomic cardiovascular control and endothelial function in Hypertension, we demonstrated for the first time that IMT and AT present quite similar effects in patients with controlled blood pressure.

scholarly journals Retinoprotective Effect of Wild Olive (Acebuche) Oil-Enriched Diet against Ocular Oxidative Stress Induced by Arterial Hypertension

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 885
Author(s):  
Álvaro Santana-Garrido ◽  
Claudia Reyes-Goya ◽  
M. Carmen Pérez-Camino ◽  
Helder André ◽  
Alfonso Mate ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Blood Pressure Monitoring ◽  
Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate ◽  
Extra Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Wild Olive ◽  
Minor Compounds

Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of ocular diseases, including hypertensive eye diseases. The beneficial effects of olive oil on cardiovascular diseases might rely on minor constituents. Currently, very little is known about the chemical composition and/or therapeutic effects of the cultivated olive tree’s counterpart, wild olive (also known in Spain as acebuche—ACE). Here, we aimed to analyze the antioxidant and retinoprotective effects of ACE oil on the eye of hypertensive mice made hypertensive via administration of NG-nitro-L-arginine-methyl-ester (L-NAME), which were subjected to a dietary supplementation with either ACE oil or extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) for comparison purposes. Deep analyses of major and minor compounds present in both oils was accompanied by blood pressure monitoring, morphometric analyses, as well as different determinations of oxidative stress-related parameters in retinal layers. Aside from its antihypertensive effect, an ACE oil-enriched diet reduced NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) oxidase activity/gene/protein expression (with a major implication of NADPH oxidase (NOX)2 isoform) in the retinas of hypertensive mice. Supplementation with ACE oil in hypertensive animals also improved alterations in nitric oxide bioavailability and in antioxidant enzyme profile. Interestingly, our findings show that the use of ACE oil resulted in better outcomes, compared with reference EVOO, against hypertension-related oxidative retinal damage.

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