scholarly journals Explaining the Relationship Between Class Position and Political Preferences: A Long-Term Panel Analysis of Intra-Generational Class Mobility

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Peter Egge Langsæther ◽  
Geoffrey Evans ◽  
Tom O'Grady
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Class Mobility ◽  
Political Preferences ◽  
Self Interest ◽  
Material Interests ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Limited Basis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Past findings on the connection between class position and political preferences are overwhelmingly derived from cross-sectional studies, which provided a limited basis for inferring causality. This study uses long-term panel data on thousands of British respondents to measure the impact of intra-generational class mobility across a range of political identities and preferences. Upward class mobility leads to small increases in economic conservatism, but party choice, class identity and attitudes to non-economic issues do not change. This updating of economic values is much smaller than cross-sectional differences between classes. These results are consistent with the short-run effects of class mobility operating primarily through a limited economic self-interest mechanism. Beliefs that are plausibly unconnected to economics are unaffected. The overall association between class and a range of identities, opinions and preferences is therefore more likely to be caused by early life experiences and longer-term socialization than by the immediate material interests associated with jobs.

scholarly journals Are smoking cessation behaviours among daily smokers associated with a perceived public stigma of smokers? Cross-sectional analyses of Norwegian data 2011–2013

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 189-197
Author(s):  
Gunnar Sæbø ◽  
Marianne Lund
Keyword(s):  
Intention To Quit ◽  
Public Stigma ◽  
Perceived Stigma ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Quit Attempts ◽  
Intentions To Quit ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractIntroductionPerceived stigma may be an unintended consequence of tobacco denormalization policies among remaining smokers. Little is known about the role of perceived stigmatization in cessation behaviours.AimsTo test if perceived public smoker stigma is associated with recent attempts to cease smoking and future cessation plans among adult daily smokers.MethodsUsing merged data from the biennial national survey Norwegian Monitor 2011 and 2013 (N daily smokers = 1,029), we performed multinomial and ordinal regression analyses to study the impact of perceived public stigma (measured as social devaluation and personal devaluation) on recent quit attempts, short-term intention to quit and long-term intention to quit, controlling for confounders. One additional analysis was performed to investigate the relationship between stigma and intention to quit on quit attempts.ResultsA significant association between perceived social devaluation and recent quit attempts was found (OR 1.76). Perceived stigma was not associated with future quit plans. Personal devaluation was not associated with any cessation outcome. The role of perceived social devaluation on quit attempts was mainly found among smokers with intentions to quit.ConclusionThese findings indicate that stigma measured as social devaluation of smokers is associated with recent quit attempts, but not with future quit plans.

scholarly journals HUSBAND'S SUPPORT AND PARITIES WITH SELECTION OF INJECTED CONTRACEPTION OF KB ACCEPTORS IN PUSKESMAS BALOI PERMAI

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Luis Luis Yulia ◽  
Bratasena Bratasena
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Background : The increasing number of Indonesia's population is the impact of increasing birth rates. KB Injection is the most widely used family planning by women of reproductive age (WUS). The height of the 3-month injection family planning acceptors is influenced by several factors, namely age, education, occupation, income, and parietas. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between husband and parietas support with the choice of injection contraception. Method : The research method is analytical survey with cross sectional approach. Conducted at the Baloi Permai puskesmas, the study was conducted for 6 months, the population in this study were all injection family planning acceptors in the working area of the Baloi Pemai Puskesmas as many as 6,219 acceptors. With a sample size of 98 people, sampling using purposive sample with research instruments using a questionnaire and analyzed using Chi Square. Result : The results of the parity study of acceptors who chose the most injection contraceptive were the category of children 2-4 years as many as 57 people (58.2%). Contraceptive family planning acceptors who chose injection contraceptives the most were injection contraceptives for 3 months as many as 51 respondents (52.0%). with a p value = 0.025. Conclusion : Suggestions for agat acceptors can find out the advantages and disadvantages of contraceptives to be used and should ask for an explanation from health workers to provide assistance in choosing contraceptives so that the family planning used is truly safe to use even in the long term

scholarly journals Function-Focused Person–Environment Fit for Long-Term Care Residents With Dementia: Impact on Apathy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying-Ling Jao ◽  
Wen Liu ◽  
Habib Chaudhury ◽  
Jyotsana Parajuli ◽  
Sarah Holmes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Function ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Housing Enabler ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background and Objectives Apathy is a common symptom in dementia and is associated with rapid cognitive decline, poor quality of life, and higher mortality. Lawton’s Competence and Environmental Press model suggests that an individual’s behavior and affect are influenced by the fit of their functional abilities with the environmental demands. Yet, empirical evidence on the association between person–environment (P–E) fit and apathy is lacking. Thus, this study examined the relationship between P–E fit and apathy in dementia. Specifically, this study focused on the extent the physical environment fits individual functional limitations. Research Design and Methods This is a cross-sectional study using the baseline data from long-term care residents with dementia. The sample included 199 residents with moderate-to-severe cognitive impairment from 4 assisted living and 4 nursing homes. Function-focused P–E fit was measured using the Housing Enabler scale. Apathy was measured using the Apathy Evaluation Scale. Multilevel linear models were used to analyze the relationship between P–E fit and apathy. Results Findings revealed that greater P–E fit, specifically indoor environment, was significantly associated with lower apathy after controlling for age, gender, and years living in the facility. Yet, the association became not significant after controlling for individual physical function. Discussion and Implications Findings support the association between function-focused P–E fit and apathy, but the association is no longer significant after physical function is adjusted. Future research may explore other aspects of P–E fit and the impact of social and organizational environment on apathy in dementia.

Risk Attitude and Corporate Investment under Output Market Uncertainty: Evidence from The Mekong River Delta, Vietnam

2016 ◽  
pp. 59-70
Author(s):  
Ninh Le Khuong ◽  
Nghiem Le Tan ◽  
Tho Huynh Huu
Keyword(s):  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Risk Attitude ◽  
Business Strategies ◽  
Risk Averse ◽  
Market Uncertainty ◽  
Firm Investment ◽  
Output Market ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This paper aims to detect the impact of firm managers’ risk attitude on the relationship between the degree of output market uncertainty and firm investment. The findings show that there is a negative relationship between these two aspects for risk-averse managers while there is a positive relationship for risk-loving ones, since they have different utility functions. Based on the findings, this paper proposes recommendations for firm managers to take into account when making investment decisions and long-term business strategies as well.

Determinants of Inflation in Vietnam: A VECM Approach

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (04) ◽  
pp. 26-50
Author(s):  
Ngoc Tran Thi Bich ◽  
Huong Pham Hoang Cam
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rate ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Error Correction ◽  
Budget Deficit ◽  
Oil Prices ◽  
Crude Oil Prices ◽  
Domestic Credit ◽  
Short Run ◽  
The Impact

This paper aims to examine the main determinants of inflation in Vietnam during the period from 2002Q1 to 2013Q2. The cointegration theory and the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) approach are used to examine the impact of domestic credit, interest rate, budget deficit, and crude oil prices on inflation in both long and short terms. The results show that while there are long-term relations among inflation and the others, such factors as oil prices, domestic credit, and interest rate, in the short run, have no impact on fluctuations of inflation. Particularly, the budget deficit itself actually has a short-run impact, but its level is fundamentally weak. The cause of the current inflation is mainly due to public's expectations of the inflation in the last period. Although the error correction, from the long-run relationship, has affected inflation in the short run, the coefficient is small and insignificant. In other words, it means that the speed of the adjustment is very low or near zero. This also implies that once the relationship among inflation, domestic credit, interest rate, budget deficit, and crude oil prices deviate from the long-term trend, it will take the economy a lot of time to return to the equilibrium state.

scholarly journals Be Aware of Burnout! The Role of Changes in Academic Burnout in Problematic Facebook Usage among University Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 8055
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Tomaszek ◽  
Agnieszka Muchacka-Cymerman
Keyword(s):  
Regression Coefficient ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Academic Burnout ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Social Motive ◽  
Explained Variance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Most previous research has examined the relationship between FB addiction and burnout level by conducting cross-sectional studies. Little is known about the impact of changes in burnout on FB addiction in an educational context. Through a two-way longitudinal survey of a student population sample (N = 115), this study examined the influence of changes in academic burnout over time and FB motives and importance (measured at the beginning and the end of the semester) on FB intrusion measured at the end of the academic semester. The findings show that: (1) increases in cynicism and in FB motives and importance significantly predicted time2 FB intrusion; (2) FB importance enhanced the prediction power of changes in the academic burnout total score, exhaustion and personal inefficacy, and reduced the regression coefficient of changes in cynicism; (3) the interaction effects between FB social motive use and changes in academic burnout, as well as between FB importance and personal inefficacy and exhaustion, accounted for a significant change in the explained variance of time2 FB intrusion. About 20–30% of the variance in time2 FB intrusion was explained by all the examined variables and by the interactions between them. The results suggest that changes in academic burnout and FB motives and importance are suppressive variables, as including these variables in the regression model all together changed the significance of the relationship between independent variables and FB intrusion.

scholarly journals A Cross-Sectional Study on the Impacts of Perceived Job Value, Job Maintenance, and Social Support on Burnout among Long-Term Care Staff in Hawaii

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 476
Author(s):  
Bum Jung Kim ◽  
Sun-young Lee
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Staff ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Term Care ◽  
The Impact

Extensive research has demonstrated the factors that influence burnout among social service employees, yet few studies have explored burnout among long-term care staff in Hawaii. This study aimed to examine the impact of job value, job maintenance, and social support on burnout of staff in long-term care settings in Hawaii, USA. This cross-sectional study included 170 long-term care staff, aged 20 to 75 years, in Hawaii. Hierarchical regression was employed to explore the relationships between the key independent variables and burnout. The results indicate that staff with a higher level of perceived job value, those who expressed a willingness to continue working in the same job, and those with strong social support from supervisors or peers are less likely to experience burnout. Interventions aimed at decreasing the level of burnout among long-term care staff in Hawaii may be more effective through culturally tailored programs aimed to increase the levels of job value, job maintenance, and social support.

scholarly journals Environmental Management, Green Innovation, and Social–Open Innovation

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Pham Thu Huong ◽  
Jacob Cherian ◽  
Nguyen Thi Hien ◽  
Muhammad Safdar Sial ◽  
Sarminah Samad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Green Innovation ◽  
Social Image ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Corporate Environmental Management ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The present study aims to determine the impact of green innovation (GI) on the overall performance of an organization while keeping the variable of environmental management (EM) as a moderator. We used a dataset consisting of four data years, from 2014 to 2017, of A-share companies listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange (SSE). The concept of green innovation refers to the use of advancements in technology that enable savings in energy, along with the recycling of waste material. When advanced technology is utilized in the production process, the products are referred to as green products and the whole process of adopting such technologies and product design is referred to as “Corporate Environmental Management”. Such innovations improve the overall financial performance of companies as it enables them to improve their social image by reducing their carbon footprint and ensures their long-term sustainability. The main issue is the limited focus and attention given to the topic, from the perspective of companies. This research focuses on the impact of green innovation and the importance of environmental management for the sustainability of companies. Our findings suggest that the relationship between green innovation and the performance of the company is positive and verifies the existence of moderating effects of environmental management on the relationship between green innovation and firm performance. Implications are given to academia and practitioners.

Leader positive humor and organizational cynicism: LMX as a mediator

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panagiotis Gkorezis ◽  
Eugenia Petridou ◽  
Panteleimon Xanthiakos
Keyword(s):  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Public Employees ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Organizational Cynicism ◽  
Member Exchange ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose – Leader-member exchange (LMX) has been proposed as a core mechanism which accounts for the impact of various antecedents on employee outcomes. As such, the purpose of this paper is to examine the mediating effect of LMX regarding the relationship between leader positive humor and employees’ perceptions of organizational cynicism. Design/methodology/approach – Data were collected from 114 public employees. In order to examine the authors’ hypotheses hierarchical regression analysis was conducted. Findings – As hypothesized, results demonstrated that LMX mediates the relationship between leader positive humor and organizational cynicism. Research limitations/implications – Data were drawn from public employees and, therefore, this may constrain the generalizability of the results. Also, the cross-sectional analysis of the data cannot directly assess causality. Originality/value – This is the first empirical study to examine the mediating effect of LMX in the relationship between leader humor and employees’ perceptions of organizational cynicism.

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